Combining Genetic Gain and Diversity in Plant Breeding: Heritability of Root Selection in Wheat Populations

To increase the resilience of agroecological farming systems against weeds, pests, and pathogens, evolutionary breeding of diversified crop populations is highly promising. A fundamental challenge in population breeding is to combine effective selection and breeding progress while maintaining intras...

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Autores principales:	Johannes Timaeus, Odette Denise Weedon, Maria Renate Finckh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	composite cross population organic plant breeding crop diversity genetic gain early vigor Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5e603433a7424b58ac4151928f3a0577
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5e603433a7424b58ac4151928f3a05772021-11-25T19:04:17ZCombining Genetic Gain and Diversity in Plant Breeding: Heritability of Root Selection in Wheat Populations10.3390/su1322127782071-1050https://doaj.org/article/5e603433a7424b58ac4151928f3a05772021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12778https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050To increase the resilience of agroecological farming systems against weeds, pests, and pathogens, evolutionary breeding of diversified crop populations is highly promising. A fundamental challenge in population breeding is to combine effective selection and breeding progress while maintaining intraspecific diversity. A hydroponic system was tested for its suitability to non-destructively select root traits on a population level in order to achieve genetic gain and maintain diversity. Forty wheat progenies were selected for long seminal root length (SRL) and 40 for short SRL from a wheat composite cross population grown in a hydroponic system. Wheat progenies were multiplied, and a subset evaluated again in a hydroponic system. Preliminary tests in soil and competition experiments with a model weed were performed. The hydroponic selection for long SRL led to an increase of SRL by 1.6 cm (11.6%) in a single generation. Heritability for selection of SRL was 0.59. Selecting for short SRL had no effect. The preliminary soil-based test confirmed increased shoot length but not increased SRL. Preliminary competition experiments point to slightly improved competitive response of wheat progenies but no improved competitive effect on mustard. These results indicate a heritable selection effect for SRL on a population level, combining genetic gain and intraspecific diversity.Johannes TimaeusOdette Denise WeedonMaria Renate FinckhMDPI AGarticlecomposite cross populationorganic plant breedingcrop diversitygenetic gainearly vigorEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12778, p 12778 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	composite cross population organic plant breeding crop diversity genetic gain early vigor Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	composite cross population organic plant breeding crop diversity genetic gain early vigor Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Johannes Timaeus Odette Denise Weedon Maria Renate Finckh Combining Genetic Gain and Diversity in Plant Breeding: Heritability of Root Selection in Wheat Populations
description	To increase the resilience of agroecological farming systems against weeds, pests, and pathogens, evolutionary breeding of diversified crop populations is highly promising. A fundamental challenge in population breeding is to combine effective selection and breeding progress while maintaining intraspecific diversity. A hydroponic system was tested for its suitability to non-destructively select root traits on a population level in order to achieve genetic gain and maintain diversity. Forty wheat progenies were selected for long seminal root length (SRL) and 40 for short SRL from a wheat composite cross population grown in a hydroponic system. Wheat progenies were multiplied, and a subset evaluated again in a hydroponic system. Preliminary tests in soil and competition experiments with a model weed were performed. The hydroponic selection for long SRL led to an increase of SRL by 1.6 cm (11.6%) in a single generation. Heritability for selection of SRL was 0.59. Selecting for short SRL had no effect. The preliminary soil-based test confirmed increased shoot length but not increased SRL. Preliminary competition experiments point to slightly improved competitive response of wheat progenies but no improved competitive effect on mustard. These results indicate a heritable selection effect for SRL on a population level, combining genetic gain and intraspecific diversity.
format	article
author	Johannes Timaeus Odette Denise Weedon Maria Renate Finckh
author_facet	Johannes Timaeus Odette Denise Weedon Maria Renate Finckh
author_sort	Johannes Timaeus
title	Combining Genetic Gain and Diversity in Plant Breeding: Heritability of Root Selection in Wheat Populations
title_short	Combining Genetic Gain and Diversity in Plant Breeding: Heritability of Root Selection in Wheat Populations
title_full	Combining Genetic Gain and Diversity in Plant Breeding: Heritability of Root Selection in Wheat Populations
title_fullStr	Combining Genetic Gain and Diversity in Plant Breeding: Heritability of Root Selection in Wheat Populations
title_full_unstemmed	Combining Genetic Gain and Diversity in Plant Breeding: Heritability of Root Selection in Wheat Populations
title_sort	combining genetic gain and diversity in plant breeding: heritability of root selection in wheat populations
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5e603433a7424b58ac4151928f3a0577
work_keys_str_mv	AT johannestimaeus combininggeneticgainanddiversityinplantbreedingheritabilityofrootselectioninwheatpopulations AT odettedeniseweedon combininggeneticgainanddiversityinplantbreedingheritabilityofrootselectioninwheatpopulations AT mariarenatefinckh combininggeneticgainanddiversityinplantbreedingheritabilityofrootselectioninwheatpopulations
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Combining Genetic Gain and Diversity in Plant Breeding: Heritability of Root Selection in Wheat Populations

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