ROS-Scavengers, Osmoprotectants and Violaxanthin De-Epoxidation in Salt-Stressed Arabidopsis thaliana with Different Tocopherol Composition

To determine the role of α- and γ-tocopherol (TC), this study compared the response to salt stress (200 mM NaCl) in wild type (WT) Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. And its two mutants: (1) totally TC-deficient vte1; (2) vte4 accumulating γ-TC...

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Autores principales:	Ewa Surówka, Dariusz Latowski, Michał Dziurka, Magdalena Rys, Anna Maksymowicz, Iwona Żur, Monika Olchawa-Pajor, Christine Desel, Monika Krzewska, Zbigniew Miszalski
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	antioxidants carbohydrates carotenoids xanthophyll cycle osmoprotectants oxidative stress Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5e8b04e829754a94b5981159ed9ee7c0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5e8b04e829754a94b5981159ed9ee7c02021-11-11T16:50:29ZROS-Scavengers, Osmoprotectants and Violaxanthin De-Epoxidation in Salt-Stressed <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> with Different Tocopherol Composition10.3390/ijms2221113701422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/5e8b04e829754a94b5981159ed9ee7c02021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11370https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067To determine the role of α- and γ-tocopherol (TC), this study compared the response to salt stress (200 mM NaCl) in wild type (WT) <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (L.) Heynh. And its two mutants: (1) totally TC-deficient <i>vte1</i>; (2) <i>vte4</i> accumulating γ-TC instead of α-TC; and (3) <i>tmt</i> transgenic line overaccumulating α-TC. Raman spectra revealed that salt-exposed α-TC accumulating plants were more flexible in regulating chlorophyll, carotenoid and polysaccharide levels than TC deficient mutants, while the plants overaccumulating γ-TC had the lowest levels of these biocompounds. Tocopherol composition and NaCl concentration affected xanthophyll cycle by changing the rate of violaxanthin de-epoxidation and zeaxanthin formation. NaCl treated plants with altered TC composition accumulated less oligosaccharides than WT plants. α-TC deficient plants increased their oligosaccharide levels and reduced maltose amount, while excessive accumulation of α-TC corresponded with enhanced amounts of maltose. Salt-stressed TC-deficient mutants and <i>tmt</i> transgenic line exhibited greater proline levels than WT plants, lower chlorogenic acid levels, and lower activity of catalase and peroxidases. α-TC accumulating plants produced more methylated proline- and glycine- betaines, and showed greater activity of superoxide dismutase than γ-TC deficient plants. Under salt stress, α-TC demonstrated a stronger regulatory effect on carbon- and nitrogen-related metabolites reorganization and modulation of antioxidant patterns than γ-TC. This suggested different links of α- and γ-TCs with various metabolic pathways via various functions and metabolic loops.Ewa SurówkaDariusz LatowskiMichał DziurkaMagdalena RysAnna MaksymowiczIwona ŻurMonika Olchawa-PajorChristine DeselMonika KrzewskaZbigniew MiszalskiMDPI AGarticleantioxidantscarbohydratescarotenoidsxanthophyll cycleosmoprotectantsoxidative stressBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11370, p 11370 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	antioxidants carbohydrates carotenoids xanthophyll cycle osmoprotectants oxidative stress Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	antioxidants carbohydrates carotenoids xanthophyll cycle osmoprotectants oxidative stress Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Ewa Surówka Dariusz Latowski Michał Dziurka Magdalena Rys Anna Maksymowicz Iwona Żur Monika Olchawa-Pajor Christine Desel Monika Krzewska Zbigniew Miszalski ROS-Scavengers, Osmoprotectants and Violaxanthin De-Epoxidation in Salt-Stressed <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> with Different Tocopherol Composition
description	To determine the role of α- and γ-tocopherol (TC), this study compared the response to salt stress (200 mM NaCl) in wild type (WT) <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (L.) Heynh. And its two mutants: (1) totally TC-deficient <i>vte1</i>; (2) <i>vte4</i> accumulating γ-TC instead of α-TC; and (3) <i>tmt</i> transgenic line overaccumulating α-TC. Raman spectra revealed that salt-exposed α-TC accumulating plants were more flexible in regulating chlorophyll, carotenoid and polysaccharide levels than TC deficient mutants, while the plants overaccumulating γ-TC had the lowest levels of these biocompounds. Tocopherol composition and NaCl concentration affected xanthophyll cycle by changing the rate of violaxanthin de-epoxidation and zeaxanthin formation. NaCl treated plants with altered TC composition accumulated less oligosaccharides than WT plants. α-TC deficient plants increased their oligosaccharide levels and reduced maltose amount, while excessive accumulation of α-TC corresponded with enhanced amounts of maltose. Salt-stressed TC-deficient mutants and <i>tmt</i> transgenic line exhibited greater proline levels than WT plants, lower chlorogenic acid levels, and lower activity of catalase and peroxidases. α-TC accumulating plants produced more methylated proline- and glycine- betaines, and showed greater activity of superoxide dismutase than γ-TC deficient plants. Under salt stress, α-TC demonstrated a stronger regulatory effect on carbon- and nitrogen-related metabolites reorganization and modulation of antioxidant patterns than γ-TC. This suggested different links of α- and γ-TCs with various metabolic pathways via various functions and metabolic loops.
format	article
author	Ewa Surówka Dariusz Latowski Michał Dziurka Magdalena Rys Anna Maksymowicz Iwona Żur Monika Olchawa-Pajor Christine Desel Monika Krzewska Zbigniew Miszalski
author_facet	Ewa Surówka Dariusz Latowski Michał Dziurka Magdalena Rys Anna Maksymowicz Iwona Żur Monika Olchawa-Pajor Christine Desel Monika Krzewska Zbigniew Miszalski
author_sort	Ewa Surówka
title	ROS-Scavengers, Osmoprotectants and Violaxanthin De-Epoxidation in Salt-Stressed <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> with Different Tocopherol Composition
title_short	ROS-Scavengers, Osmoprotectants and Violaxanthin De-Epoxidation in Salt-Stressed <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> with Different Tocopherol Composition
title_full	ROS-Scavengers, Osmoprotectants and Violaxanthin De-Epoxidation in Salt-Stressed <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> with Different Tocopherol Composition
title_fullStr	ROS-Scavengers, Osmoprotectants and Violaxanthin De-Epoxidation in Salt-Stressed <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> with Different Tocopherol Composition
title_full_unstemmed	ROS-Scavengers, Osmoprotectants and Violaxanthin De-Epoxidation in Salt-Stressed <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> with Different Tocopherol Composition
title_sort	ros-scavengers, osmoprotectants and violaxanthin de-epoxidation in salt-stressed <i>arabidopsis thaliana</i> with different tocopherol composition
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5e8b04e829754a94b5981159ed9ee7c0
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ROS-Scavengers, Osmoprotectants and Violaxanthin De-Epoxidation in Salt-Stressed <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> with Different Tocopherol Composition

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