Studying Corrosion Using Miniaturized Particle Attached Working Electrodes and the Nafion Membrane

We developed a new approach to attach particles onto a conductive layer as a working electrode (WE) in a microfluidic electrochemical cell with three electrodes. Nafion, an efficient proton transfer molecule, is used to form a thin protection layer to secure particle electrodes. Spin coating is used...

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Autores principales:	Jiyoung Son, Edgar C. Buck, Shawn L. Riechers, Shalini Tripathi, Lyndi E. Strange, Mark H. Engelhard, Xiao-Ying Yu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	nanoparticle working electrode microfluidic electrochemical cell electrochemical analysis particle attached electrode Nafion membrane Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5e99bf9345b342408bb3a6d1621cc92e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5e99bf9345b342408bb3a6d1621cc92e2021-11-25T18:23:50ZStudying Corrosion Using Miniaturized Particle Attached Working Electrodes and the Nafion Membrane10.3390/mi121114142072-666Xhttps://doaj.org/article/5e99bf9345b342408bb3a6d1621cc92e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/12/11/1414https://doaj.org/toc/2072-666XWe developed a new approach to attach particles onto a conductive layer as a working electrode (WE) in a microfluidic electrochemical cell with three electrodes. Nafion, an efficient proton transfer molecule, is used to form a thin protection layer to secure particle electrodes. Spin coating is used to develop a thin and even layer of Nafion membrane. The effects of Nafion (5 wt% 20 wt%) and spinning rates were evaluated using multiple sets of replicates. The electrochemical performance of various devices was demonstrated. Additionally, the electrochemical performance of the devices is used to select and optimize fabrication conditions. The results show that a higher spinning rate and a lower Nafion concentration (5 wt%) induce a better performance, using cerium oxide (CeO<sub>2</sub>) particles as a testing model. The WE surfaces were characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy-focused ion beam (SEM-FIB), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The comparison between the pristine and corroded WE surfaces shows that Nafion is redistributed after potential is applied. Our results verify that Nafion membrane offers a reliable means to secure particles onto electrodes. Furthermore, the electrochemical performance is reliable and reproducible. Thus, this approach provides a new way to study more complex and challenging particles, such as uranium oxide, in the future.Jiyoung SonEdgar C. BuckShawn L. RiechersShalini TripathiLyndi E. StrangeMark H. EngelhardXiao-Ying YuMDPI AGarticlenanoparticleworking electrodemicrofluidic electrochemical cellelectrochemical analysisparticle attached electrodeNafion membraneMechanical engineering and machineryTJ1-1570ENMicromachines, Vol 12, Iss 1414, p 1414 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	nanoparticle working electrode microfluidic electrochemical cell electrochemical analysis particle attached electrode Nafion membrane Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570
spellingShingle	nanoparticle working electrode microfluidic electrochemical cell electrochemical analysis particle attached electrode Nafion membrane Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570 Jiyoung Son Edgar C. Buck Shawn L. Riechers Shalini Tripathi Lyndi E. Strange Mark H. Engelhard Xiao-Ying Yu Studying Corrosion Using Miniaturized Particle Attached Working Electrodes and the Nafion Membrane
description	We developed a new approach to attach particles onto a conductive layer as a working electrode (WE) in a microfluidic electrochemical cell with three electrodes. Nafion, an efficient proton transfer molecule, is used to form a thin protection layer to secure particle electrodes. Spin coating is used to develop a thin and even layer of Nafion membrane. The effects of Nafion (5 wt% 20 wt%) and spinning rates were evaluated using multiple sets of replicates. The electrochemical performance of various devices was demonstrated. Additionally, the electrochemical performance of the devices is used to select and optimize fabrication conditions. The results show that a higher spinning rate and a lower Nafion concentration (5 wt%) induce a better performance, using cerium oxide (CeO<sub>2</sub>) particles as a testing model. The WE surfaces were characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy-focused ion beam (SEM-FIB), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The comparison between the pristine and corroded WE surfaces shows that Nafion is redistributed after potential is applied. Our results verify that Nafion membrane offers a reliable means to secure particles onto electrodes. Furthermore, the electrochemical performance is reliable and reproducible. Thus, this approach provides a new way to study more complex and challenging particles, such as uranium oxide, in the future.
format	article
author	Jiyoung Son Edgar C. Buck Shawn L. Riechers Shalini Tripathi Lyndi E. Strange Mark H. Engelhard Xiao-Ying Yu
author_facet	Jiyoung Son Edgar C. Buck Shawn L. Riechers Shalini Tripathi Lyndi E. Strange Mark H. Engelhard Xiao-Ying Yu
author_sort	Jiyoung Son
title	Studying Corrosion Using Miniaturized Particle Attached Working Electrodes and the Nafion Membrane
title_short	Studying Corrosion Using Miniaturized Particle Attached Working Electrodes and the Nafion Membrane
title_full	Studying Corrosion Using Miniaturized Particle Attached Working Electrodes and the Nafion Membrane
title_fullStr	Studying Corrosion Using Miniaturized Particle Attached Working Electrodes and the Nafion Membrane
title_full_unstemmed	Studying Corrosion Using Miniaturized Particle Attached Working Electrodes and the Nafion Membrane
title_sort	studying corrosion using miniaturized particle attached working electrodes and the nafion membrane
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5e99bf9345b342408bb3a6d1621cc92e
work_keys_str_mv	AT jiyoungson studyingcorrosionusingminiaturizedparticleattachedworkingelectrodesandthenafionmembrane AT edgarcbuck studyingcorrosionusingminiaturizedparticleattachedworkingelectrodesandthenafionmembrane AT shawnlriechers studyingcorrosionusingminiaturizedparticleattachedworkingelectrodesandthenafionmembrane AT shalinitripathi studyingcorrosionusingminiaturizedparticleattachedworkingelectrodesandthenafionmembrane AT lyndiestrange studyingcorrosionusingminiaturizedparticleattachedworkingelectrodesandthenafionmembrane AT markhengelhard studyingcorrosionusingminiaturizedparticleattachedworkingelectrodesandthenafionmembrane AT xiaoyingyu studyingcorrosionusingminiaturizedparticleattachedworkingelectrodesandthenafionmembrane
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Studying Corrosion Using Miniaturized Particle Attached Working Electrodes and the Nafion Membrane

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