WIELKOPOLSKA (GREATER POLAND) MILITARY MUSEUM: HISTORY OF AN UNUSUAL MUSEUM
The beginning of historical-military museology in Poznan dates back to the mid-19th century when the Poznan Society of Friends of Learning assumed the responsibility to save historic monuments, and began to establish the Museum of Polish and Slavic Antiquities in the Grand Duchy of Posen (Poznan). T...
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | DE EN PL |
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Index Copernicus International S.A.
2021
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| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/5ea65a71fa5f4761bc73f08eb63b38f2 |
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| Sumario: | The beginning of historical-military museology
in Poznan dates back to the mid-19th century when the
Poznan Society of Friends of Learning assumed the responsibility
to save historic monuments, and began to establish the
Museum of Polish and Slavic Antiquities in the Grand Duchy of
Posen (Poznan). The task was to collect archival, library, and
museum materials, including militaria. As a result of these
efforts, in 1882, the Mielżynski Museum was established
which boasted an exquisite painting gallery, containing historical
painting, a rich archaeological and military collection,
and a sizeable collection of so-called historical mementoes:
weapons, orders, decorations, etc.
In the aftermath of the Greater Poland Uprising 1918
–1919, the Hindenburg Museum founded in 1916–1918
was transformed into a Military Museum. The ceremonial
opening was held on 27 October 1919 by Józef Piłsudski,
Poland’s Chief of State. The quickly growing collection was
moved from Marcinkowskiego Avenue to the barracks
in Bukowska Street, and subsequently to a new seat at
1 Artyleryjska Street in Poznan. The solemn opening of the
Wielkopolska Military Museum was held on 22 April 1923
by the Commander of the 7th Corps District Major-General
Kazimierz Raszewski. In 1939, anticipating the threat of war,
the most precious objects were evacuated eastwards, and
looted there. The items which stayed behind ended up in
German museums. The mementoes connected with the history
of the Polish military were destroyed, and the Museum
was wound up.
The first attempts at reactivating the Museum following
WW II failed. It was only with the 1956 revolt that civil and
military authorities changed their approach, The National
Museum in Poznan undertook the first efforts. The Museum
did not go back to its pre-WW II seat, but found home in
a modern building in the Old Market Square in Poznan, to
be ceremoniously launched on 22 February 1963 by the
Commander of the Operational Air Force in Poznan Brigadier
General Pilot Jan Raczkowski.
Having recreated its collection, the Wielkopolska Military
Museum, already as a Branch of the National Museum in
Poznan, has held many exhibitions and shows. Moreover,
it has released many publications, and run a broad range
of educational activities. Among other projects, it has also
made reference to the pre-WW II Museum. On 27 December
2019, a new jubilee exhibition ‘Wielkopolska Military
Museum 1919–2019’ recording the 100-years’ history of the
oldest historical-military museum in Poland was inaugurated.
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