Primary prevention of cannabis use: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

A systematic review of primary prevention was conducted for cannabis use outcomes in youth and young adults. The aim of the review was to develop a comprehensive understanding of prevention programming by assessing universal, targeted, uni-modal, and multi-modal approaches as well as individual prog...

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Autores principales:	Melissa M Norberg, Sarah Kezelman, Nicholas Lim-Howe
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5eb1f6e8d1ef42a4b55d4baa0a9563f3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5eb1f6e8d1ef42a4b55d4baa0a9563f32021-11-18T08:01:52ZPrimary prevention of cannabis use: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0053187https://doaj.org/article/5eb1f6e8d1ef42a4b55d4baa0a9563f32013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23326396/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203A systematic review of primary prevention was conducted for cannabis use outcomes in youth and young adults. The aim of the review was to develop a comprehensive understanding of prevention programming by assessing universal, targeted, uni-modal, and multi-modal approaches as well as individual program characteristics. Twenty-eight articles, representing 25 unique studies, identified from eight electronic databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, ERIC, PsycINFO, DRUG, EBM Reviews, and Project CORK), were eligible for inclusion. Results indicated that primary prevention programs can be effective in reducing cannabis use in youth populations, with statistically significant effect sizes ranging from trivial (0.07) to extremely large (5.26), with the majority of significant effect sizes being trivial to small. Given that the preponderance of significant effect sizes were trivial to small and that percentages of statistically significant and non-statistically significant findings were often equivalent across program type and individual components, the effectiveness of primary prevention for cannabis use should be interpreted with caution. Universal multi-modal programs appeared to outperform other program types (i.e, universal uni-modal, targeted multi-modal, targeted unimodal). Specifically, universal multi-modal programs that targeted early adolescents (10-13 year olds), utilised non-teacher or multiple facilitators, were short in duration (10 sessions or less), and implemented boosters sessions were associated with large median effect sizes. While there were studies in these areas that contradicted these results, the results highlight the importance of assessing the interdependent relationship of program components and program types. Finally, results indicated that the overall quality of included studies was poor, with an average quality rating of 4.64 out of 9. Thus, further quality research and reporting and the development of new innovative programs are required.Melissa M NorbergSarah KezelmanNicholas Lim-HowePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 1, p e53187 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Melissa M Norberg Sarah Kezelman Nicholas Lim-Howe Primary prevention of cannabis use: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
description	A systematic review of primary prevention was conducted for cannabis use outcomes in youth and young adults. The aim of the review was to develop a comprehensive understanding of prevention programming by assessing universal, targeted, uni-modal, and multi-modal approaches as well as individual program characteristics. Twenty-eight articles, representing 25 unique studies, identified from eight electronic databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, ERIC, PsycINFO, DRUG, EBM Reviews, and Project CORK), were eligible for inclusion. Results indicated that primary prevention programs can be effective in reducing cannabis use in youth populations, with statistically significant effect sizes ranging from trivial (0.07) to extremely large (5.26), with the majority of significant effect sizes being trivial to small. Given that the preponderance of significant effect sizes were trivial to small and that percentages of statistically significant and non-statistically significant findings were often equivalent across program type and individual components, the effectiveness of primary prevention for cannabis use should be interpreted with caution. Universal multi-modal programs appeared to outperform other program types (i.e, universal uni-modal, targeted multi-modal, targeted unimodal). Specifically, universal multi-modal programs that targeted early adolescents (10-13 year olds), utilised non-teacher or multiple facilitators, were short in duration (10 sessions or less), and implemented boosters sessions were associated with large median effect sizes. While there were studies in these areas that contradicted these results, the results highlight the importance of assessing the interdependent relationship of program components and program types. Finally, results indicated that the overall quality of included studies was poor, with an average quality rating of 4.64 out of 9. Thus, further quality research and reporting and the development of new innovative programs are required.
format	article
author	Melissa M Norberg Sarah Kezelman Nicholas Lim-Howe
author_facet	Melissa M Norberg Sarah Kezelman Nicholas Lim-Howe
author_sort	Melissa M Norberg
title	Primary prevention of cannabis use: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
title_short	Primary prevention of cannabis use: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
title_full	Primary prevention of cannabis use: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
title_fullStr	Primary prevention of cannabis use: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
title_full_unstemmed	Primary prevention of cannabis use: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
title_sort	primary prevention of cannabis use: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/5eb1f6e8d1ef42a4b55d4baa0a9563f3
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Primary prevention of cannabis use: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

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