Genetic diversity and population structure of Alternaria species from tomato and potato in North Carolina and Wisconsin

Abstract Early blight (EB) caused by Alternaria linariae or Alternaria solani and leaf blight (LB) caused by A. alternata are economically important diseases of tomato and potato. Little is known about the genetic diversity and population structure of these pathogens in the United States. A total of...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Tika B. Adhikari, Norman Muzhinji, Dennis Halterman, Frank J. Louws
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5f0a6c7f5bbc4cb6bbc9fadb94d4091d
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:5f0a6c7f5bbc4cb6bbc9fadb94d4091d
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5f0a6c7f5bbc4cb6bbc9fadb94d4091d2021-12-02T15:09:23ZGenetic diversity and population structure of Alternaria species from tomato and potato in North Carolina and Wisconsin10.1038/s41598-021-95486-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/5f0a6c7f5bbc4cb6bbc9fadb94d4091d2021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95486-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Early blight (EB) caused by Alternaria linariae or Alternaria solani and leaf blight (LB) caused by A. alternata are economically important diseases of tomato and potato. Little is known about the genetic diversity and population structure of these pathogens in the United States. A total of 214 isolates of A. alternata (n = 61), A. linariae (n = 96), and A. solani (n = 57) were collected from tomato and potato in North Carolina and Wisconsin and grouped into populations based on geographic locations and tomato varieties. We exploited 220 single nucleotide polymorphisms derived from DNA sequences of 10 microsatellite loci to analyse the population genetic structure between species and between populations within species and infer the mode of reproduction. High genetic variation and genotypic diversity were observed in all the populations analysed. The null hypothesis of the clonality test based on the index of association $$\left( {\overline{r}_{d} } \right)$$ r ¯ d was rejected, and equal frequencies of mating types under random mating were detected in some studied populations of Alternaria spp., suggesting that recombination can play an important role in the evolution of these pathogens. Most genetic differences were found between species, and the results showed three distinct genetic clusters corresponding to the three Alternaria spp. We found no evidence for clustering of geographic location populations or tomato variety populations. Analyses of molecular variance revealed high (> 85%) genetic variation within individuals in a population, confirming a lack of population subdivision within species. Alternaria linariae populations harboured more multilocus genotypes (MLGs) than A. alternata and A. solani populations and shared the same MLG between populations within a species, which was suggestive of gene flow and population expansion. Although both A. linariae and A. solani can cause EB on tomatoes and potatoes, these two species are genetically differentiated. Our results provide new insights into the evolution and structure of Alternaria spp. and can lead to new directions in optimizing management strategies to mitigate the impact of these pathogens on tomato and potato production in North Carolina and Wisconsin.Tika B. AdhikariNorman MuzhinjiDennis HaltermanFrank J. LouwsNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-19 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Tika B. Adhikari Norman Muzhinji Dennis Halterman Frank J. Louws Genetic diversity and population structure of Alternaria species from tomato and potato in North Carolina and Wisconsin
description	Abstract Early blight (EB) caused by Alternaria linariae or Alternaria solani and leaf blight (LB) caused by A. alternata are economically important diseases of tomato and potato. Little is known about the genetic diversity and population structure of these pathogens in the United States. A total of 214 isolates of A. alternata (n = 61), A. linariae (n = 96), and A. solani (n = 57) were collected from tomato and potato in North Carolina and Wisconsin and grouped into populations based on geographic locations and tomato varieties. We exploited 220 single nucleotide polymorphisms derived from DNA sequences of 10 microsatellite loci to analyse the population genetic structure between species and between populations within species and infer the mode of reproduction. High genetic variation and genotypic diversity were observed in all the populations analysed. The null hypothesis of the clonality test based on the index of association $$\left( {\overline{r}_{d} } \right)$$ r ¯ d was rejected, and equal frequencies of mating types under random mating were detected in some studied populations of Alternaria spp., suggesting that recombination can play an important role in the evolution of these pathogens. Most genetic differences were found between species, and the results showed three distinct genetic clusters corresponding to the three Alternaria spp. We found no evidence for clustering of geographic location populations or tomato variety populations. Analyses of molecular variance revealed high (> 85%) genetic variation within individuals in a population, confirming a lack of population subdivision within species. Alternaria linariae populations harboured more multilocus genotypes (MLGs) than A. alternata and A. solani populations and shared the same MLG between populations within a species, which was suggestive of gene flow and population expansion. Although both A. linariae and A. solani can cause EB on tomatoes and potatoes, these two species are genetically differentiated. Our results provide new insights into the evolution and structure of Alternaria spp. and can lead to new directions in optimizing management strategies to mitigate the impact of these pathogens on tomato and potato production in North Carolina and Wisconsin.
format	article
author	Tika B. Adhikari Norman Muzhinji Dennis Halterman Frank J. Louws
author_facet	Tika B. Adhikari Norman Muzhinji Dennis Halterman Frank J. Louws
author_sort	Tika B. Adhikari
title	Genetic diversity and population structure of Alternaria species from tomato and potato in North Carolina and Wisconsin
title_short	Genetic diversity and population structure of Alternaria species from tomato and potato in North Carolina and Wisconsin
title_full	Genetic diversity and population structure of Alternaria species from tomato and potato in North Carolina and Wisconsin
title_fullStr	Genetic diversity and population structure of Alternaria species from tomato and potato in North Carolina and Wisconsin
title_full_unstemmed	Genetic diversity and population structure of Alternaria species from tomato and potato in North Carolina and Wisconsin
title_sort	genetic diversity and population structure of alternaria species from tomato and potato in north carolina and wisconsin
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5f0a6c7f5bbc4cb6bbc9fadb94d4091d
work_keys_str_mv	AT tikabadhikari geneticdiversityandpopulationstructureofalternariaspeciesfromtomatoandpotatoinnorthcarolinaandwisconsin AT normanmuzhinji geneticdiversityandpopulationstructureofalternariaspeciesfromtomatoandpotatoinnorthcarolinaandwisconsin AT dennishalterman geneticdiversityandpopulationstructureofalternariaspeciesfromtomatoandpotatoinnorthcarolinaandwisconsin AT frankjlouws geneticdiversityandpopulationstructureofalternariaspeciesfromtomatoandpotatoinnorthcarolinaandwisconsin
_version_	1718387817076228096

Genetic diversity and population structure of Alternaria species from tomato and potato in North Carolina and Wisconsin

Ejemplares similares