Measurement report: Comparison of airborne, in situ measured, lidar-based, and modeled aerosol optical properties in the central European background – identifying sources of deviations

<p>A unique data set derived from remote sensing, airborne, and ground-based in situ measurements is presented. This measurement report highlights the known complexity of comparing multiple aerosol optical parameters examined with different approaches considering different states of humidifica...

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Autores principales:	S. Düsing, A. Ansmann, H. Baars, J. C. Corbin, C. Denjean, M. Gysel-Beer, T. Müller, L. Poulain, H. Siebert, G. Spindler, T. Tuch, B. Wehner, A. Wiedensohler
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Copernicus Publications 2021
Materias:	Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5f0ed27a4232498eb79f490e3fcd1870
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:5f0ed27a4232498eb79f490e3fcd1870
record_format	dspace
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 S. Düsing A. Ansmann H. Baars J. C. Corbin J. C. Corbin C. Denjean C. Denjean M. Gysel-Beer T. Müller L. Poulain H. Siebert G. Spindler T. Tuch B. Wehner A. Wiedensohler Measurement report: Comparison of airborne, in situ measured, lidar-based, and modeled aerosol optical properties in the central European background – identifying sources of deviations
description	<p>A unique data set derived from remote sensing, airborne, and ground-based in situ measurements is presented. This measurement report highlights the known complexity of comparing multiple aerosol optical parameters examined with different approaches considering different states of humidification and atmospheric aerosol concentrations. Mie-theory-based modeled aerosol optical properties are compared with the respective results of airborne and ground-based in situ measurements and remote sensing (lidar and photometer) performed at the rural central European observatory at Melpitz, Germany. Calculated extinction-to-backscatter ratios (lidar ratios) were in the range of previously reported values. However, the lidar ratio is a function of the aerosol type and the relative humidity. The particle lidar ratio (LR) dependence on relative humidity was quantified and followed the trend found in previous studies. We present a fit function for the lidar wavelengths of 355, 532, and 1064 nm with an underlying equation of <span class="inline-formula"><i>f</i><sub>LR</sub></span>(RH, <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mi mathvariant="italic">γ</mi><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">λ</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><msub><mi>f</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">LR</mi></msub><mo>(</mo><mtext>RH</mtext><mo>=</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">0</mn><mo>,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">λ</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>×</mo><mo>(</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">1</mn><mo>-</mo><mtext>RH</mtext><msup><mo>)</mo><mrow><mo>-</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">γ</mi><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">λ</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="176pt" height="16pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="458f9952503443f938b0cb23d6a4d7ed"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="acp-21-16745-2021-ie00001.svg" width="176pt" height="16pt" src="acp-21-16745-2021-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span>, with the derived estimates of <span class="inline-formula"><i>γ</i></span>(355 nm) <span class="inline-formula">=</span> 0.29 (<span class="inline-formula">±0.01</span>), <span class="inline-formula"><i>γ</i></span>(532 nm) <span class="inline-formula">=</span> 0.48 (<span class="inline-formula">±0.01</span>), and <span class="inline-formula"><i>γ</i></span>(1064 nm) <span class="inline-formula">=</span> 0.31 (<span class="inline-formula">±0.01</span>) for central European aerosol. This parameterization might be used in the data analysis of elastic-backscatter lidar observations or lidar-ratio-based aerosol typing efforts. Our study shows that the used aerosol model could reproduce the in situ measurements of the aerosol particle light extinction coefficients (measured at dry conditions) within 13 %. Although the model reproduced the in situ measured aerosol particle light absorption coefficients within a reasonable range, we identified many sources for significant uncertainties in the simulations, such as the unknown aerosol mixing state, brown carbon (organic material) fraction, and the unknown aerosol mixing state wavelength-dependent refractive index. The modeled ambient-state aerosol particle light extinction and backscatter coefficients were smaller than the measured ones. However, depending on the prevailing aerosol conditions, an overlap of the uncertainty ranges of both approaches was achieved.</p>
format	article
author	S. Düsing A. Ansmann H. Baars J. C. Corbin J. C. Corbin C. Denjean C. Denjean M. Gysel-Beer T. Müller L. Poulain H. Siebert G. Spindler T. Tuch B. Wehner A. Wiedensohler
author_facet	S. Düsing A. Ansmann H. Baars J. C. Corbin J. C. Corbin C. Denjean C. Denjean M. Gysel-Beer T. Müller L. Poulain H. Siebert G. Spindler T. Tuch B. Wehner A. Wiedensohler
author_sort	S. Düsing
title	Measurement report: Comparison of airborne, in situ measured, lidar-based, and modeled aerosol optical properties in the central European background – identifying sources of deviations
title_short	Measurement report: Comparison of airborne, in situ measured, lidar-based, and modeled aerosol optical properties in the central European background – identifying sources of deviations
title_full	Measurement report: Comparison of airborne, in situ measured, lidar-based, and modeled aerosol optical properties in the central European background – identifying sources of deviations
title_fullStr	Measurement report: Comparison of airborne, in situ measured, lidar-based, and modeled aerosol optical properties in the central European background – identifying sources of deviations
title_full_unstemmed	Measurement report: Comparison of airborne, in situ measured, lidar-based, and modeled aerosol optical properties in the central European background – identifying sources of deviations
title_sort	measurement report: comparison of airborne, in situ measured, lidar-based, and modeled aerosol optical properties in the central european background – identifying sources of deviations
publisher	Copernicus Publications
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5f0ed27a4232498eb79f490e3fcd1870
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5f0ed27a4232498eb79f490e3fcd18702021-11-18T06:24:50ZMeasurement report: Comparison of airborne, in situ measured, lidar-based, and modeled aerosol optical properties in the central European background – identifying sources of deviations10.5194/acp-21-16745-20211680-73161680-7324https://doaj.org/article/5f0ed27a4232498eb79f490e3fcd18702021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/16745/2021/acp-21-16745-2021.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/1680-7316https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7324<p>A unique data set derived from remote sensing, airborne, and ground-based in situ measurements is presented. This measurement report highlights the known complexity of comparing multiple aerosol optical parameters examined with different approaches considering different states of humidification and atmospheric aerosol concentrations. Mie-theory-based modeled aerosol optical properties are compared with the respective results of airborne and ground-based in situ measurements and remote sensing (lidar and photometer) performed at the rural central European observatory at Melpitz, Germany. Calculated extinction-to-backscatter ratios (lidar ratios) were in the range of previously reported values. However, the lidar ratio is a function of the aerosol type and the relative humidity. The particle lidar ratio (LR) dependence on relative humidity was quantified and followed the trend found in previous studies. We present a fit function for the lidar wavelengths of 355, 532, and 1064 nm with an underlying equation of <span class="inline-formula"><i>f</i><sub>LR</sub></span>(RH, <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mi mathvariant="italic">γ</mi><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">λ</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><msub><mi>f</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">LR</mi></msub><mo>(</mo><mtext>RH</mtext><mo>=</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">0</mn><mo>,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">λ</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>×</mo><mo>(</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">1</mn><mo>-</mo><mtext>RH</mtext><msup><mo>)</mo><mrow><mo>-</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">γ</mi><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">λ</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="176pt" height="16pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="458f9952503443f938b0cb23d6a4d7ed"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="acp-21-16745-2021-ie00001.svg" width="176pt" height="16pt" src="acp-21-16745-2021-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span>, with the derived estimates of <span class="inline-formula"><i>γ</i></span>(355 nm) <span class="inline-formula">=</span> 0.29 (<span class="inline-formula">±0.01</span>), <span class="inline-formula"><i>γ</i></span>(532 nm) <span class="inline-formula">=</span> 0.48 (<span class="inline-formula">±0.01</span>), and <span class="inline-formula"><i>γ</i></span>(1064 nm) <span class="inline-formula">=</span> 0.31 (<span class="inline-formula">±0.01</span>) for central European aerosol. This parameterization might be used in the data analysis of elastic-backscatter lidar observations or lidar-ratio-based aerosol typing efforts. Our study shows that the used aerosol model could reproduce the in situ measurements of the aerosol particle light extinction coefficients (measured at dry conditions) within 13 %. Although the model reproduced the in situ measured aerosol particle light absorption coefficients within a reasonable range, we identified many sources for significant uncertainties in the simulations, such as the unknown aerosol mixing state, brown carbon (organic material) fraction, and the unknown aerosol mixing state wavelength-dependent refractive index. The modeled ambient-state aerosol particle light extinction and backscatter coefficients were smaller than the measured ones. However, depending on the prevailing aerosol conditions, an overlap of the uncertainty ranges of both approaches was achieved.</p>S. DüsingA. AnsmannH. BaarsJ. C. CorbinJ. C. CorbinC. DenjeanC. DenjeanM. Gysel-BeerT. MüllerL. PoulainH. SiebertG. SpindlerT. TuchB. WehnerA. WiedensohlerCopernicus PublicationsarticlePhysicsQC1-999ChemistryQD1-999ENAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 21, Pp 16745-16773 (2021)

Measurement report: Comparison of airborne, in situ measured, lidar-based, and modeled aerosol optical properties in the central European background – identifying sources of deviations

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