Swimming training induces liver mitochondrial adaptations to oxidative stress in rats submitted to repeated exhaustive swimming bouts.

<h4>Background and aims</h4>Although acute exhaustive exercise is known to increase liver reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and aerobic training has shown to improve the antioxidant status in the liver, little is known about mitochondria adaptations to aerobic training. The main o...

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Autores principales:	Frederico D Lima, Daniel N Stamm, Iuri D Della-Pace, Fernando Dobrachinski, Nélson R de Carvalho, Luiz Fernando F Royes, Félix A Soares, João B Rocha, Javier González-Gallego, Guilherme Bresciani
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5f2613bd37f942e8a117dd700a863430
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5f2613bd37f942e8a117dd700a8634302021-11-18T07:58:33ZSwimming training induces liver mitochondrial adaptations to oxidative stress in rats submitted to repeated exhaustive swimming bouts.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0055668https://doaj.org/article/5f2613bd37f942e8a117dd700a8634302013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23405192/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background and aims</h4>Although acute exhaustive exercise is known to increase liver reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and aerobic training has shown to improve the antioxidant status in the liver, little is known about mitochondria adaptations to aerobic training. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the aerobic training on oxidative stress markers and antioxidant defense in liver mitochondria both after training and in response to three repeated exhaustive swimming bouts.<h4>Methods</h4>Wistar rats were divided into training (n = 14) and control (n = 14) groups. Training group performed a 6-week swimming training protocol. Subsets of training (n = 7) and control (n = 7) rats performed 3 repeated exhaustive swimming bouts with 72 h rest in between. Oxidative stress biomarkers, antioxidant activity, and mitochondria functionality were assessed.<h4>Results</h4>Trained group showed increased reduced glutathione (GSH) content and reduced/oxidized (GSH/GSSG) ratio, higher superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity, and decreased lipid peroxidation in liver mitochondria. Aerobic training protected against exhaustive swimming ROS production herein characterized by decreased oxidative stress markers, higher antioxidant defenses, and increases in methyl-tetrazolium reduction and membrane potential. Trained group also presented higher time to exhaustion compared to control group.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Swimming training induced positive adaptations in liver mitochondria of rats. Increased antioxidant defense after training coped well with exercise-produced ROS and liver mitochondria were less affected by exhaustive exercise. Therefore, liver mitochondria also adapt to exercise-induced ROS and may play an important role in exercise performance.Frederico D LimaDaniel N StammIuri D Della-PaceFernando DobrachinskiNélson R de CarvalhoLuiz Fernando F RoyesFélix A SoaresJoão B RochaJavier González-GallegoGuilherme BrescianiPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 2, p e55668 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Frederico D Lima Daniel N Stamm Iuri D Della-Pace Fernando Dobrachinski Nélson R de Carvalho Luiz Fernando F Royes Félix A Soares João B Rocha Javier González-Gallego Guilherme Bresciani Swimming training induces liver mitochondrial adaptations to oxidative stress in rats submitted to repeated exhaustive swimming bouts.
description	<h4>Background and aims</h4>Although acute exhaustive exercise is known to increase liver reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and aerobic training has shown to improve the antioxidant status in the liver, little is known about mitochondria adaptations to aerobic training. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the aerobic training on oxidative stress markers and antioxidant defense in liver mitochondria both after training and in response to three repeated exhaustive swimming bouts.<h4>Methods</h4>Wistar rats were divided into training (n = 14) and control (n = 14) groups. Training group performed a 6-week swimming training protocol. Subsets of training (n = 7) and control (n = 7) rats performed 3 repeated exhaustive swimming bouts with 72 h rest in between. Oxidative stress biomarkers, antioxidant activity, and mitochondria functionality were assessed.<h4>Results</h4>Trained group showed increased reduced glutathione (GSH) content and reduced/oxidized (GSH/GSSG) ratio, higher superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity, and decreased lipid peroxidation in liver mitochondria. Aerobic training protected against exhaustive swimming ROS production herein characterized by decreased oxidative stress markers, higher antioxidant defenses, and increases in methyl-tetrazolium reduction and membrane potential. Trained group also presented higher time to exhaustion compared to control group.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Swimming training induced positive adaptations in liver mitochondria of rats. Increased antioxidant defense after training coped well with exercise-produced ROS and liver mitochondria were less affected by exhaustive exercise. Therefore, liver mitochondria also adapt to exercise-induced ROS and may play an important role in exercise performance.
format	article
author	Frederico D Lima Daniel N Stamm Iuri D Della-Pace Fernando Dobrachinski Nélson R de Carvalho Luiz Fernando F Royes Félix A Soares João B Rocha Javier González-Gallego Guilherme Bresciani
author_facet	Frederico D Lima Daniel N Stamm Iuri D Della-Pace Fernando Dobrachinski Nélson R de Carvalho Luiz Fernando F Royes Félix A Soares João B Rocha Javier González-Gallego Guilherme Bresciani
author_sort	Frederico D Lima
title	Swimming training induces liver mitochondrial adaptations to oxidative stress in rats submitted to repeated exhaustive swimming bouts.
title_short	Swimming training induces liver mitochondrial adaptations to oxidative stress in rats submitted to repeated exhaustive swimming bouts.
title_full	Swimming training induces liver mitochondrial adaptations to oxidative stress in rats submitted to repeated exhaustive swimming bouts.
title_fullStr	Swimming training induces liver mitochondrial adaptations to oxidative stress in rats submitted to repeated exhaustive swimming bouts.
title_full_unstemmed	Swimming training induces liver mitochondrial adaptations to oxidative stress in rats submitted to repeated exhaustive swimming bouts.
title_sort	swimming training induces liver mitochondrial adaptations to oxidative stress in rats submitted to repeated exhaustive swimming bouts.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/5f2613bd37f942e8a117dd700a863430
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Swimming training induces liver mitochondrial adaptations to oxidative stress in rats submitted to repeated exhaustive swimming bouts.

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