Bacterial lipopolysaccharides can initiate regeneration of the Xenopus tadpole tail

Summary: Tadpoles of the frog Xenopus laevis can regenerate tails except for a short “refractory” period in which they heal rather than regenerate. Rapid and sustained production of ROS by NADPH oxidase (Nox) is critical for regeneration. Here, we show that tail amputation results in rapid, transien...

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Autores principales:	Thomas F. Bishop, Caroline W. Beck
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Immunology Microbiology Animal Physiology Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5f7f797f5fc34432a772838f841db1f0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5f7f797f5fc34432a772838f841db1f02021-11-20T05:09:17ZBacterial lipopolysaccharides can initiate regeneration of the Xenopus tadpole tail2589-004210.1016/j.isci.2021.103281https://doaj.org/article/5f7f797f5fc34432a772838f841db1f02021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004221012505https://doaj.org/toc/2589-0042Summary: Tadpoles of the frog Xenopus laevis can regenerate tails except for a short “refractory” period in which they heal rather than regenerate. Rapid and sustained production of ROS by NADPH oxidase (Nox) is critical for regeneration. Here, we show that tail amputation results in rapid, transient activation of the ROS-activated transcription factor NF-κB and expression of its direct target cox2 in the wound epithelium. Activation of NF-κB is also sufficient to rescue refractory tail regeneration. We propose that bacteria on the tadpole's skin could influence tail regenerative outcomes, possibly via LPS-TLR4-NF-κB signaling. When raised in antibiotics, fewer tadpoles in the refractory stage attempted regeneration, whereas addition of LPS rescued regeneration. Short-term activation of NF-κB using small molecules enhanced regeneration of tadpole hindlimbs, but not froglet forelimbs. We propose a model in which host microbiome contributes to creating optimal conditions for regeneration, via regulation of NF-κB by the innate immune system.Thomas F. BishopCaroline W. BeckElsevierarticleImmunologyMicrobiologyAnimal PhysiologyScienceQENiScience, Vol 24, Iss 11, Pp 103281- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunology Microbiology Animal Physiology Science Q
spellingShingle	Immunology Microbiology Animal Physiology Science Q Thomas F. Bishop Caroline W. Beck Bacterial lipopolysaccharides can initiate regeneration of the Xenopus tadpole tail
description	Summary: Tadpoles of the frog Xenopus laevis can regenerate tails except for a short “refractory” period in which they heal rather than regenerate. Rapid and sustained production of ROS by NADPH oxidase (Nox) is critical for regeneration. Here, we show that tail amputation results in rapid, transient activation of the ROS-activated transcription factor NF-κB and expression of its direct target cox2 in the wound epithelium. Activation of NF-κB is also sufficient to rescue refractory tail regeneration. We propose that bacteria on the tadpole's skin could influence tail regenerative outcomes, possibly via LPS-TLR4-NF-κB signaling. When raised in antibiotics, fewer tadpoles in the refractory stage attempted regeneration, whereas addition of LPS rescued regeneration. Short-term activation of NF-κB using small molecules enhanced regeneration of tadpole hindlimbs, but not froglet forelimbs. We propose a model in which host microbiome contributes to creating optimal conditions for regeneration, via regulation of NF-κB by the innate immune system.
format	article
author	Thomas F. Bishop Caroline W. Beck
author_facet	Thomas F. Bishop Caroline W. Beck
author_sort	Thomas F. Bishop
title	Bacterial lipopolysaccharides can initiate regeneration of the Xenopus tadpole tail
title_short	Bacterial lipopolysaccharides can initiate regeneration of the Xenopus tadpole tail
title_full	Bacterial lipopolysaccharides can initiate regeneration of the Xenopus tadpole tail
title_fullStr	Bacterial lipopolysaccharides can initiate regeneration of the Xenopus tadpole tail
title_full_unstemmed	Bacterial lipopolysaccharides can initiate regeneration of the Xenopus tadpole tail
title_sort	bacterial lipopolysaccharides can initiate regeneration of the xenopus tadpole tail
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5f7f797f5fc34432a772838f841db1f0
work_keys_str_mv	AT thomasfbishop bacteriallipopolysaccharidescaninitiateregenerationofthexenopustadpoletail AT carolinewbeck bacteriallipopolysaccharidescaninitiateregenerationofthexenopustadpoletail
_version_	1718419544040538112

Bacterial lipopolysaccharides can initiate regeneration of the Xenopus tadpole tail

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