Dual-Mode Supply Modulator IC With an Adaptive Quiescent Current Controller for Its Linear Amplifier in LTE Mobile Power Amplifier

This article presents a hybrid envelope tracking (ET) supply modulator (SM) integrated circuit (IC) based on a Class-AB linear amplifier (LA) with supply voltage and temperature insensitive quiescent current. For ET mode, to further improve efficiency of the ET-SM, the supply voltage of the LA can b...

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Autores principales:	Hansik Oh, Jaekyung Shin, Woojin Choi, Yifei Chen, Hyeongjin Jeon, Young Chan Choi, Hyungmo Koo, Keum Cheol Hwang, Kang-Yoon Lee, Youngoo Yang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IEEE 2021
Materias:	Power amplifier integrated circuit supply modulator envelope tracking average power tracking dual-mode power amplifier Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5fb49a9788954820b5f5799569311599
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5fb49a9788954820b5f57995693115992021-11-18T00:07:56ZDual-Mode Supply Modulator IC With an Adaptive Quiescent Current Controller for Its Linear Amplifier in LTE Mobile Power Amplifier2169-353610.1109/ACCESS.2021.3124410https://doaj.org/article/5fb49a9788954820b5f57995693115992021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9594803/https://doaj.org/toc/2169-3536This article presents a hybrid envelope tracking (ET) supply modulator (SM) integrated circuit (IC) based on a Class-AB linear amplifier (LA) with supply voltage and temperature insensitive quiescent current. For ET mode, to further improve efficiency of the ET-SM, the supply voltage of the LA can be modulated using an additional dc-dc converter according to the average output power. An adaptive quiescent current controller for the LA of the ET-SM is proposed to maintain its quiescent current for large variations in voltage and temperature. Due to the insensitive quiescent current over the voltage of the LA, the supply voltage to the LA can be controlled in a wider range for the average output power, which allows the power amplifier (PA) in the ET mode to have a greater improvement in efficiency. The size of the output stage of the LA is also discretely reconfigured using 3-bit digital control to reduce the power consumption of the LA according to the output power level. For the low average output power levels, the operation mode is changed to APT mode, which supplies a reduced dc voltage according to the reduced average output power to the PA. The proposed SM, dc/dc converter and PA ICs were designed and implemented using CMOS processes for 0.9 GHz LTE application. Using an LTE uplink signal with a signal bandwidth of 5 MHz and a PAPR of 7.5 dB, a PAE of 38.4% at an average output power of 24.0 dBm was obtained under an ACLR of −30.0 dBc for the overall ET-PA. At a 6 dB back-off for the average output power, a PAE of 24.6% was achieved using the ET mode. A maximum PAE improvement of 8.0% point using the proposed SM IC was achieved compared to the stand-alone PA.Hansik OhJaekyung ShinWoojin ChoiYifei ChenHyeongjin JeonYoung Chan ChoiHyungmo KooKeum Cheol HwangKang-Yoon LeeYoungoo YangIEEEarticlePower amplifier integrated circuitsupply modulatorenvelope trackingaverage power trackingdual-mode power amplifierElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971ENIEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 147768-147779 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Power amplifier integrated circuit supply modulator envelope tracking average power tracking dual-mode power amplifier Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971
spellingShingle	Power amplifier integrated circuit supply modulator envelope tracking average power tracking dual-mode power amplifier Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Hansik Oh Jaekyung Shin Woojin Choi Yifei Chen Hyeongjin Jeon Young Chan Choi Hyungmo Koo Keum Cheol Hwang Kang-Yoon Lee Youngoo Yang Dual-Mode Supply Modulator IC With an Adaptive Quiescent Current Controller for Its Linear Amplifier in LTE Mobile Power Amplifier
description	This article presents a hybrid envelope tracking (ET) supply modulator (SM) integrated circuit (IC) based on a Class-AB linear amplifier (LA) with supply voltage and temperature insensitive quiescent current. For ET mode, to further improve efficiency of the ET-SM, the supply voltage of the LA can be modulated using an additional dc-dc converter according to the average output power. An adaptive quiescent current controller for the LA of the ET-SM is proposed to maintain its quiescent current for large variations in voltage and temperature. Due to the insensitive quiescent current over the voltage of the LA, the supply voltage to the LA can be controlled in a wider range for the average output power, which allows the power amplifier (PA) in the ET mode to have a greater improvement in efficiency. The size of the output stage of the LA is also discretely reconfigured using 3-bit digital control to reduce the power consumption of the LA according to the output power level. For the low average output power levels, the operation mode is changed to APT mode, which supplies a reduced dc voltage according to the reduced average output power to the PA. The proposed SM, dc/dc converter and PA ICs were designed and implemented using CMOS processes for 0.9 GHz LTE application. Using an LTE uplink signal with a signal bandwidth of 5 MHz and a PAPR of 7.5 dB, a PAE of 38.4% at an average output power of 24.0 dBm was obtained under an ACLR of −30.0 dBc for the overall ET-PA. At a 6 dB back-off for the average output power, a PAE of 24.6% was achieved using the ET mode. A maximum PAE improvement of 8.0% point using the proposed SM IC was achieved compared to the stand-alone PA.
format	article
author	Hansik Oh Jaekyung Shin Woojin Choi Yifei Chen Hyeongjin Jeon Young Chan Choi Hyungmo Koo Keum Cheol Hwang Kang-Yoon Lee Youngoo Yang
author_facet	Hansik Oh Jaekyung Shin Woojin Choi Yifei Chen Hyeongjin Jeon Young Chan Choi Hyungmo Koo Keum Cheol Hwang Kang-Yoon Lee Youngoo Yang
author_sort	Hansik Oh
title	Dual-Mode Supply Modulator IC With an Adaptive Quiescent Current Controller for Its Linear Amplifier in LTE Mobile Power Amplifier
title_short	Dual-Mode Supply Modulator IC With an Adaptive Quiescent Current Controller for Its Linear Amplifier in LTE Mobile Power Amplifier
title_full	Dual-Mode Supply Modulator IC With an Adaptive Quiescent Current Controller for Its Linear Amplifier in LTE Mobile Power Amplifier
title_fullStr	Dual-Mode Supply Modulator IC With an Adaptive Quiescent Current Controller for Its Linear Amplifier in LTE Mobile Power Amplifier
title_full_unstemmed	Dual-Mode Supply Modulator IC With an Adaptive Quiescent Current Controller for Its Linear Amplifier in LTE Mobile Power Amplifier
title_sort	dual-mode supply modulator ic with an adaptive quiescent current controller for its linear amplifier in lte mobile power amplifier
publisher	IEEE
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5fb49a9788954820b5f5799569311599
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Dual-Mode Supply Modulator IC With an Adaptive Quiescent Current Controller for Its Linear Amplifier in LTE Mobile Power Amplifier

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