Over Fifty Years of Life, Death, and Cannibalism: A Historical Recollection of Apoptosis and Autophagy

Research in biomedical sciences has changed dramatically over the past fifty years. There is no doubt that the discovery of apoptosis and autophagy as two highly synchronized and regulated mechanisms in cellular homeostasis are among the most important discoveries in these decades. Along with the ad...

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Autores principales:	Mahmoud Izadi, Tayyiba Akbar Ali, Ehsan Pourkarimi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	apoptosis autophagy <i>C. elegans</i> caspase Bcl-2 Apaf1 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5fd00d04d70d4ce5b68d734f5ca85a0b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5fd00d04d70d4ce5b68d734f5ca85a0b2021-11-25T17:56:55ZOver Fifty Years of Life, Death, and Cannibalism: A Historical Recollection of Apoptosis and Autophagy10.3390/ijms2222124661422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/5fd00d04d70d4ce5b68d734f5ca85a0b2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/22/12466https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Research in biomedical sciences has changed dramatically over the past fifty years. There is no doubt that the discovery of apoptosis and autophagy as two highly synchronized and regulated mechanisms in cellular homeostasis are among the most important discoveries in these decades. Along with the advancement in molecular biology, identifying the genetic players in apoptosis and autophagy has shed light on our understanding of their function in physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we first describe the history of key discoveries in apoptosis with a molecular insight and continue with apoptosis pathways and their regulation. We touch upon the role of apoptosis in human health and its malfunction in several diseases. We discuss the path to the morphological and molecular discovery of autophagy. Moreover, we dive deep into the precise regulation of autophagy and recent findings from basic research to clinical applications of autophagy modulation in human health and illnesses and the available therapies for many diseases caused by impaired autophagy. We conclude with the exciting crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy, from the early discoveries to recent findings.Mahmoud IzadiTayyiba Akbar AliEhsan PourkarimiMDPI AGarticleapoptosisautophagy<i>C. elegans</i>caspaseBcl-2Apaf1Biology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12466, p 12466 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	apoptosis autophagy <i>C. elegans</i> caspase Bcl-2 Apaf1 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	apoptosis autophagy <i>C. elegans</i> caspase Bcl-2 Apaf1 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Mahmoud Izadi Tayyiba Akbar Ali Ehsan Pourkarimi Over Fifty Years of Life, Death, and Cannibalism: A Historical Recollection of Apoptosis and Autophagy
description	Research in biomedical sciences has changed dramatically over the past fifty years. There is no doubt that the discovery of apoptosis and autophagy as two highly synchronized and regulated mechanisms in cellular homeostasis are among the most important discoveries in these decades. Along with the advancement in molecular biology, identifying the genetic players in apoptosis and autophagy has shed light on our understanding of their function in physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we first describe the history of key discoveries in apoptosis with a molecular insight and continue with apoptosis pathways and their regulation. We touch upon the role of apoptosis in human health and its malfunction in several diseases. We discuss the path to the morphological and molecular discovery of autophagy. Moreover, we dive deep into the precise regulation of autophagy and recent findings from basic research to clinical applications of autophagy modulation in human health and illnesses and the available therapies for many diseases caused by impaired autophagy. We conclude with the exciting crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy, from the early discoveries to recent findings.
format	article
author	Mahmoud Izadi Tayyiba Akbar Ali Ehsan Pourkarimi
author_facet	Mahmoud Izadi Tayyiba Akbar Ali Ehsan Pourkarimi
author_sort	Mahmoud Izadi
title	Over Fifty Years of Life, Death, and Cannibalism: A Historical Recollection of Apoptosis and Autophagy
title_short	Over Fifty Years of Life, Death, and Cannibalism: A Historical Recollection of Apoptosis and Autophagy
title_full	Over Fifty Years of Life, Death, and Cannibalism: A Historical Recollection of Apoptosis and Autophagy
title_fullStr	Over Fifty Years of Life, Death, and Cannibalism: A Historical Recollection of Apoptosis and Autophagy
title_full_unstemmed	Over Fifty Years of Life, Death, and Cannibalism: A Historical Recollection of Apoptosis and Autophagy
title_sort	over fifty years of life, death, and cannibalism: a historical recollection of apoptosis and autophagy
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5fd00d04d70d4ce5b68d734f5ca85a0b
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_version_	1718411804884860928

Over Fifty Years of Life, Death, and Cannibalism: A Historical Recollection of Apoptosis and Autophagy

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