The Responses of Leaf Litter Calcium, Magnesium, and Manganese Dynamics to Simulated Nitrogen Deposition and Reduced Precipitation Vary with Different Decomposition Stages

Litter decomposition is a vital link between material circulation and energy flow in forest ecosystems and is intensely affected by global change factors, such as increased nitrogen (N) deposition and altered precipitation regimes. As essential nutrients, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and manganese...

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Autores principales:	Shixing Zhou, Gang Yan, Junxi Hu, Xiong Liu, Xingcheng Zou, Liehua Tie, Rongze Yuan, Yudie Yang, Lin Xiao, Xinglei Cui, Lihua Tu, Jiaming Lai, Anjiu Zhao, Congde Huang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	global change acid deposition drought mineral nutrient micronutrients Plant ecology QK900-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/606123e31ba54ff2943e911bf4420ac2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:606123e31ba54ff2943e911bf4420ac22021-11-25T17:37:40ZThe Responses of Leaf Litter Calcium, Magnesium, and Manganese Dynamics to Simulated Nitrogen Deposition and Reduced Precipitation Vary with Different Decomposition Stages10.3390/f121114731999-4907https://doaj.org/article/606123e31ba54ff2943e911bf4420ac22021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/11/1473https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4907Litter decomposition is a vital link between material circulation and energy flow in forest ecosystems and is intensely affected by global change factors, such as increased nitrogen (N) deposition and altered precipitation regimes. As essential nutrients, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and manganese (Mn) play crucial roles in plant energy metabolism, photosynthesis, and membrane transport of plants, and the major source of these nutrients is litter decomposition. However, the dynamics of Ca, Mg, and Mn during decomposition have been largely ignored. Thus, to better understand Ca, Mg, and Mn dynamics during leaf litter decomposition in the scenario of increasing N deposition and decreasing precipitation, we carried out a two-year field litterbag experiment in a natural evergreen broad-leaved forest in the central area of the rainy area of Western China. Two levels of N deposition (ambient N deposition and 150 kg·N·ha<sup>−1</sup>·y<sup>−1</sup>) and precipitation reduction (no throughfall reduction and 10% throughfall reduction) were set, i.e., control (Ctr: without nitrogen deposition or throughfall reduction), N deposition (N, 150 kg·N·ha<sup>−1</sup>·y<sup>−1</sup>), throughfall reduction (T, 10% throughfall reduction), and N deposition and throughfall reduction (NT, 150 kg·N·ha<sup>−1</sup>·y<sup>−1</sup> and 10% throughfall reduction). We found that leaf litter Ca concentration increased in the early decomposition stage and then decreased, while Mg and Mn concentrations generally decreased during the whole period of decomposition. The amount of Ca showed an accumulation pattern, while Mg and Mn generally showed a release pattern. N deposition and throughfall reduction affected the Ca, Mg, and Mn dynamics, varying with different decomposition stages; i.e., N deposition significantly affected the concentration and amount of Ca, regardless of the decomposition stages, while throughfall reduction significantly affected the Ca concentration in the whole and early decomposition stages. N deposition significantly affected the concentration and amount of Mg in the whole and early decomposition stages, while throughfall reduction had no significant effects. Throughfall reduction significantly affected the concentration and amount of Mn in the whole and late decomposition stages, while N deposition had no significant effects. Ca concentration generally showed a significant positive linear relationship with mass loss in the early decomposition stage; Mg concentration showed a significant positive linear relationship with mass loss in the Ctr and N treatments in the early and late decomposition stages; Mn generally showed a significant negative linear relationship with mass loss, regardless of the decomposition stage. Overall, the results suggest that Ca accumulation is more likely affected by N deposition, while Mg and Mn releases are more likely affected by N deposition combined with throughfall reduction, particularly in the early decomposition stage.Shixing ZhouGang YanJunxi HuXiong LiuXingcheng ZouLiehua TieRongze YuanYudie YangLin XiaoXinglei CuiLihua TuJiaming LaiAnjiu ZhaoCongde HuangMDPI AGarticleglobal changeacid depositiondroughtmineral nutrientmicronutrientsPlant ecologyQK900-989ENForests, Vol 12, Iss 1473, p 1473 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	global change acid deposition drought mineral nutrient micronutrients Plant ecology QK900-989
spellingShingle	global change acid deposition drought mineral nutrient micronutrients Plant ecology QK900-989 Shixing Zhou Gang Yan Junxi Hu Xiong Liu Xingcheng Zou Liehua Tie Rongze Yuan Yudie Yang Lin Xiao Xinglei Cui Lihua Tu Jiaming Lai Anjiu Zhao Congde Huang The Responses of Leaf Litter Calcium, Magnesium, and Manganese Dynamics to Simulated Nitrogen Deposition and Reduced Precipitation Vary with Different Decomposition Stages
description	Litter decomposition is a vital link between material circulation and energy flow in forest ecosystems and is intensely affected by global change factors, such as increased nitrogen (N) deposition and altered precipitation regimes. As essential nutrients, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and manganese (Mn) play crucial roles in plant energy metabolism, photosynthesis, and membrane transport of plants, and the major source of these nutrients is litter decomposition. However, the dynamics of Ca, Mg, and Mn during decomposition have been largely ignored. Thus, to better understand Ca, Mg, and Mn dynamics during leaf litter decomposition in the scenario of increasing N deposition and decreasing precipitation, we carried out a two-year field litterbag experiment in a natural evergreen broad-leaved forest in the central area of the rainy area of Western China. Two levels of N deposition (ambient N deposition and 150 kg·N·ha<sup>−1</sup>·y<sup>−1</sup>) and precipitation reduction (no throughfall reduction and 10% throughfall reduction) were set, i.e., control (Ctr: without nitrogen deposition or throughfall reduction), N deposition (N, 150 kg·N·ha<sup>−1</sup>·y<sup>−1</sup>), throughfall reduction (T, 10% throughfall reduction), and N deposition and throughfall reduction (NT, 150 kg·N·ha<sup>−1</sup>·y<sup>−1</sup> and 10% throughfall reduction). We found that leaf litter Ca concentration increased in the early decomposition stage and then decreased, while Mg and Mn concentrations generally decreased during the whole period of decomposition. The amount of Ca showed an accumulation pattern, while Mg and Mn generally showed a release pattern. N deposition and throughfall reduction affected the Ca, Mg, and Mn dynamics, varying with different decomposition stages; i.e., N deposition significantly affected the concentration and amount of Ca, regardless of the decomposition stages, while throughfall reduction significantly affected the Ca concentration in the whole and early decomposition stages. N deposition significantly affected the concentration and amount of Mg in the whole and early decomposition stages, while throughfall reduction had no significant effects. Throughfall reduction significantly affected the concentration and amount of Mn in the whole and late decomposition stages, while N deposition had no significant effects. Ca concentration generally showed a significant positive linear relationship with mass loss in the early decomposition stage; Mg concentration showed a significant positive linear relationship with mass loss in the Ctr and N treatments in the early and late decomposition stages; Mn generally showed a significant negative linear relationship with mass loss, regardless of the decomposition stage. Overall, the results suggest that Ca accumulation is more likely affected by N deposition, while Mg and Mn releases are more likely affected by N deposition combined with throughfall reduction, particularly in the early decomposition stage.
format	article
author	Shixing Zhou Gang Yan Junxi Hu Xiong Liu Xingcheng Zou Liehua Tie Rongze Yuan Yudie Yang Lin Xiao Xinglei Cui Lihua Tu Jiaming Lai Anjiu Zhao Congde Huang
author_facet	Shixing Zhou Gang Yan Junxi Hu Xiong Liu Xingcheng Zou Liehua Tie Rongze Yuan Yudie Yang Lin Xiao Xinglei Cui Lihua Tu Jiaming Lai Anjiu Zhao Congde Huang
author_sort	Shixing Zhou
title	The Responses of Leaf Litter Calcium, Magnesium, and Manganese Dynamics to Simulated Nitrogen Deposition and Reduced Precipitation Vary with Different Decomposition Stages
title_short	The Responses of Leaf Litter Calcium, Magnesium, and Manganese Dynamics to Simulated Nitrogen Deposition and Reduced Precipitation Vary with Different Decomposition Stages
title_full	The Responses of Leaf Litter Calcium, Magnesium, and Manganese Dynamics to Simulated Nitrogen Deposition and Reduced Precipitation Vary with Different Decomposition Stages
title_fullStr	The Responses of Leaf Litter Calcium, Magnesium, and Manganese Dynamics to Simulated Nitrogen Deposition and Reduced Precipitation Vary with Different Decomposition Stages
title_full_unstemmed	The Responses of Leaf Litter Calcium, Magnesium, and Manganese Dynamics to Simulated Nitrogen Deposition and Reduced Precipitation Vary with Different Decomposition Stages
title_sort	responses of leaf litter calcium, magnesium, and manganese dynamics to simulated nitrogen deposition and reduced precipitation vary with different decomposition stages
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/606123e31ba54ff2943e911bf4420ac2
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The Responses of Leaf Litter Calcium, Magnesium, and Manganese Dynamics to Simulated Nitrogen Deposition and Reduced Precipitation Vary with Different Decomposition Stages

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