Prenatal Adversity Alters the Epigenetic Profile of the Prefrontal Cortex: Sexually Dimorphic Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Food-Related Stress

Prenatal adversity or stress can have long-term consequences on developmental trajectories and health outcomes. Although the biological mechanisms underlying these effects are poorly understood, epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, have the potential to link early-life environments to...

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Autores principales:	Alexandre A. Lussier, Tamara S. Bodnar, Michelle Moksa, Martin Hirst, Michael S. Kobor, Joanne Weinberg
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	fetal alcohol spectrum disorder DNA methylation sex differences autism development brain Genetics QH426-470
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6067a58657794288a7dad4311293177f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6067a58657794288a7dad4311293177f2021-11-25T17:41:49ZPrenatal Adversity Alters the Epigenetic Profile of the Prefrontal Cortex: Sexually Dimorphic Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Food-Related Stress10.3390/genes121117732073-4425https://doaj.org/article/6067a58657794288a7dad4311293177f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/11/1773https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4425Prenatal adversity or stress can have long-term consequences on developmental trajectories and health outcomes. Although the biological mechanisms underlying these effects are poorly understood, epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, have the potential to link early-life environments to alterations in physiological systems, with long-term functional implications. We investigated the consequences of two prenatal insults, prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and food-related stress, on DNA methylation profiles of the rat brain during early development. As these insults can have sex-specific effects on biological outcomes, we analyzed epigenome-wide DNA methylation patterns in prefrontal cortex, a key brain region involved in cognition, executive function, and behavior, of both males and females. We found sex-dependent and sex-concordant influences of these insults on epigenetic patterns. These alterations occurred in genes and pathways related to brain development and immune function, suggesting that PAE and food-related stress may reprogram neurobiological/physiological systems partly through central epigenetic changes, and may do so in a sex-dependent manner. Such epigenetic changes may reflect the sex-specific effects of prenatal insults on long-term functional and health outcomes and have important implications for understanding possible mechanisms underlying fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and other neurodevelopmental disorders.Alexandre A. LussierTamara S. BodnarMichelle MoksaMartin HirstMichael S. KoborJoanne WeinbergMDPI AGarticlefetal alcohol spectrum disorderDNA methylationsex differencesautismdevelopmentbrainGeneticsQH426-470ENGenes, Vol 12, Iss 1773, p 1773 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	fetal alcohol spectrum disorder DNA methylation sex differences autism development brain Genetics QH426-470
spellingShingle	fetal alcohol spectrum disorder DNA methylation sex differences autism development brain Genetics QH426-470 Alexandre A. Lussier Tamara S. Bodnar Michelle Moksa Martin Hirst Michael S. Kobor Joanne Weinberg Prenatal Adversity Alters the Epigenetic Profile of the Prefrontal Cortex: Sexually Dimorphic Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Food-Related Stress
description	Prenatal adversity or stress can have long-term consequences on developmental trajectories and health outcomes. Although the biological mechanisms underlying these effects are poorly understood, epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, have the potential to link early-life environments to alterations in physiological systems, with long-term functional implications. We investigated the consequences of two prenatal insults, prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and food-related stress, on DNA methylation profiles of the rat brain during early development. As these insults can have sex-specific effects on biological outcomes, we analyzed epigenome-wide DNA methylation patterns in prefrontal cortex, a key brain region involved in cognition, executive function, and behavior, of both males and females. We found sex-dependent and sex-concordant influences of these insults on epigenetic patterns. These alterations occurred in genes and pathways related to brain development and immune function, suggesting that PAE and food-related stress may reprogram neurobiological/physiological systems partly through central epigenetic changes, and may do so in a sex-dependent manner. Such epigenetic changes may reflect the sex-specific effects of prenatal insults on long-term functional and health outcomes and have important implications for understanding possible mechanisms underlying fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and other neurodevelopmental disorders.
format	article
author	Alexandre A. Lussier Tamara S. Bodnar Michelle Moksa Martin Hirst Michael S. Kobor Joanne Weinberg
author_facet	Alexandre A. Lussier Tamara S. Bodnar Michelle Moksa Martin Hirst Michael S. Kobor Joanne Weinberg
author_sort	Alexandre A. Lussier
title	Prenatal Adversity Alters the Epigenetic Profile of the Prefrontal Cortex: Sexually Dimorphic Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Food-Related Stress
title_short	Prenatal Adversity Alters the Epigenetic Profile of the Prefrontal Cortex: Sexually Dimorphic Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Food-Related Stress
title_full	Prenatal Adversity Alters the Epigenetic Profile of the Prefrontal Cortex: Sexually Dimorphic Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Food-Related Stress
title_fullStr	Prenatal Adversity Alters the Epigenetic Profile of the Prefrontal Cortex: Sexually Dimorphic Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Food-Related Stress
title_full_unstemmed	Prenatal Adversity Alters the Epigenetic Profile of the Prefrontal Cortex: Sexually Dimorphic Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Food-Related Stress
title_sort	prenatal adversity alters the epigenetic profile of the prefrontal cortex: sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and food-related stress
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6067a58657794288a7dad4311293177f
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Prenatal Adversity Alters the Epigenetic Profile of the Prefrontal Cortex: Sexually Dimorphic Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Food-Related Stress

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