EWVDV-Mediated Platelet-Targeting Nanoparticles for the Multimodal Imaging of Thrombi at Different Blood Flow Velocities

Jie Xu,1 Jun Zhou,1 Yixin Zhong,1 Yu Zhang,1 Man Ye,1 Jingxin Hou,1 Zhigang Wang,2 Haitao Ran,2 Jia Liu,1 Dajing Guo1 1Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Departmen...

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Autores principales:	Xu J, Zhou J, Zhong Y, Zhang Y, Ye M, Hou J, Wang Z, Ran H, Liu J, Guo D
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2020
Materias:	phase transition thrombus multimodal imaging blood flow velocity Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6073982466e04807a1ca72ea53168720
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6073982466e04807a1ca72ea531687202021-12-02T08:48:58ZEWVDV-Mediated Platelet-Targeting Nanoparticles for the Multimodal Imaging of Thrombi at Different Blood Flow Velocities1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/6073982466e04807a1ca72ea531687202020-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/ewvdv-mediated-platelet-targeting-nanoparticles-for-the-multimodal-ima-peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Jie Xu,1 Jun Zhou,1 Yixin Zhong,1 Yu Zhang,1 Man Ye,1 Jingxin Hou,1 Zhigang Wang,2 Haitao Ran,2 Jia Liu,1 Dajing Guo1 1Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Dajing Guo; Jia LiuDepartment of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 23 6369 3781Email guodaj@163.com; 442775883@qq.comBackground: There have been many recent reports of molecular probes for thrombi but with unsatisfactory in vivo targeting effects, which could be related to the blood flow velocity in vivo. Therefore, it is worth explaining the relationship between the targeting effect and the blood flow velocity.Methods and Materials: In this study, we constructed a platelet-targeting nanoparticle (NP) based on EWVDV for targeting P-selectin combined with the phase transition material perfluorohexane and India ink to achieve the multimodal imaging of thrombi. We studied the targeting effect of the NPs for rabbit blood thrombi under different flow velocities simulating blood flow velocities in vivo.Results: The results show the successful fabrication of NPs with the ability to undergo a phase transition via low-intensity focused ultrasound irradiation to achieve ultrasound imaging and with a high binding affinity for activated platelets. In vitro, low flow velocities (20 cm/s) hardly affected the targeting effect of the NPs, while moderate flow velocities (40 cm/s) reduced the number of NPs that target thrombi by 52.6% comparing to static fluid (0 cm/s). High flow velocities (60 cm/s) greatly reduced the targeting effect of the NPs by 83.5%.Conclusion: These results can serve as a reference for the design of NPs targeting thrombi at different sites and in different blood vessel types according to the blood flow velocity, thereby establishing a foundation for in vivo experiments.Keywords: phase transition, thrombus, multimodal imaging, blood flow velocityXu JZhou JZhong YZhang YYe MHou JWang ZRan HLiu JGuo DDove Medical Pressarticlephase transitionthrombusmultimodal imagingblood flow velocityMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 15, Pp 1759-1770 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	phase transition thrombus multimodal imaging blood flow velocity Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	phase transition thrombus multimodal imaging blood flow velocity Medicine (General) R5-920 Xu J Zhou J Zhong Y Zhang Y Ye M Hou J Wang Z Ran H Liu J Guo D EWVDV-Mediated Platelet-Targeting Nanoparticles for the Multimodal Imaging of Thrombi at Different Blood Flow Velocities
description	Jie Xu,1 Jun Zhou,1 Yixin Zhong,1 Yu Zhang,1 Man Ye,1 Jingxin Hou,1 Zhigang Wang,2 Haitao Ran,2 Jia Liu,1 Dajing Guo1 1Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Dajing Guo; Jia LiuDepartment of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 23 6369 3781Email guodaj@163.com; 442775883@qq.comBackground: There have been many recent reports of molecular probes for thrombi but with unsatisfactory in vivo targeting effects, which could be related to the blood flow velocity in vivo. Therefore, it is worth explaining the relationship between the targeting effect and the blood flow velocity.Methods and Materials: In this study, we constructed a platelet-targeting nanoparticle (NP) based on EWVDV for targeting P-selectin combined with the phase transition material perfluorohexane and India ink to achieve the multimodal imaging of thrombi. We studied the targeting effect of the NPs for rabbit blood thrombi under different flow velocities simulating blood flow velocities in vivo.Results: The results show the successful fabrication of NPs with the ability to undergo a phase transition via low-intensity focused ultrasound irradiation to achieve ultrasound imaging and with a high binding affinity for activated platelets. In vitro, low flow velocities (20 cm/s) hardly affected the targeting effect of the NPs, while moderate flow velocities (40 cm/s) reduced the number of NPs that target thrombi by 52.6% comparing to static fluid (0 cm/s). High flow velocities (60 cm/s) greatly reduced the targeting effect of the NPs by 83.5%.Conclusion: These results can serve as a reference for the design of NPs targeting thrombi at different sites and in different blood vessel types according to the blood flow velocity, thereby establishing a foundation for in vivo experiments.Keywords: phase transition, thrombus, multimodal imaging, blood flow velocity
format	article
author	Xu J Zhou J Zhong Y Zhang Y Ye M Hou J Wang Z Ran H Liu J Guo D
author_facet	Xu J Zhou J Zhong Y Zhang Y Ye M Hou J Wang Z Ran H Liu J Guo D
author_sort	Xu J
title	EWVDV-Mediated Platelet-Targeting Nanoparticles for the Multimodal Imaging of Thrombi at Different Blood Flow Velocities
title_short	EWVDV-Mediated Platelet-Targeting Nanoparticles for the Multimodal Imaging of Thrombi at Different Blood Flow Velocities
title_full	EWVDV-Mediated Platelet-Targeting Nanoparticles for the Multimodal Imaging of Thrombi at Different Blood Flow Velocities
title_fullStr	EWVDV-Mediated Platelet-Targeting Nanoparticles for the Multimodal Imaging of Thrombi at Different Blood Flow Velocities
title_full_unstemmed	EWVDV-Mediated Platelet-Targeting Nanoparticles for the Multimodal Imaging of Thrombi at Different Blood Flow Velocities
title_sort	ewvdv-mediated platelet-targeting nanoparticles for the multimodal imaging of thrombi at different blood flow velocities
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/6073982466e04807a1ca72ea53168720
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EWVDV-Mediated Platelet-Targeting Nanoparticles for the Multimodal Imaging of Thrombi at Different Blood Flow Velocities

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