Imaging Complex Subsurface Structures for Geothermal Exploration at Pirouette Mountain and Eleven-Mile Canyon in Nevada

Accurate imaging of subsurface complex structures with faults is crucial for geothermal exploration because faults are generally the primary conduit of hydrothermal flow. It is very challenging to image geothermal exploration areas because of complex geologic structures with various faults and noisy...

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Autores principales:	Yunsong Huang, Miao Zhang, Kai Gao, Andrew Sabin, Lianjie Huang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	anisotropic least-squares reverse-time migration imaging geothermal exploration ground-roll suppression fault complex structure Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/609789c79e064034ad50f211e3067694
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:609789c79e064034ad50f211e3067694
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:609789c79e064034ad50f211e30676942021-12-01T02:48:18ZImaging Complex Subsurface Structures for Geothermal Exploration at Pirouette Mountain and Eleven-Mile Canyon in Nevada2296-646310.3389/feart.2021.782901https://doaj.org/article/609789c79e064034ad50f211e30676942021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2021.782901/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-6463Accurate imaging of subsurface complex structures with faults is crucial for geothermal exploration because faults are generally the primary conduit of hydrothermal flow. It is very challenging to image geothermal exploration areas because of complex geologic structures with various faults and noisy surface seismic data with strong and coherent ground-roll noise. In addition, fracture zones and most geologic formations behave as anisotropic media for seismic-wave propagation. Properly suppressing ground-roll noise and accounting for subsurface anisotropic properties are essential for high-resolution imaging of subsurface structures and faults for geothermal exploration. We develop a novel wavenumber-adaptive bandpass filter to suppress the ground-roll noise without affecting useful seismic signals. This filter adaptively exploits both characteristics of the lower frequency and the smaller velocity of the ground-roll noise than those of the signals. Consequently, this filter can effectively differentiate the ground-roll noise from the signal. We use our novel filter to attenuate the ground-roll noise in seismic data along five survey lines acquired by the U.S. Navy Geothermal Program Office at Pirouette Mountain and Eleven-Mile Canyon in Nevada, United States. We then apply our novel anisotropic least-squares reverse-time migration algorithm to the resulting data for imaging subsurface structures at the Pirouette Mountain and Eleven-Mile Canyon geothermal exploration areas. The migration method employs an efficient implicit wavefield-separation scheme to reduce image artifacts and improve the image quality. Our results demonstrate that our wavenumber-adaptive bandpass filtering method successfully suppresses the strong and coherent ground-roll noise in the land seismic data, and our anisotropic least-squares reverse-time migration produces high-resolution subsurface images of Pirouette Mountain and Eleven-Mile Canyon, facilitating accurate fault interpretation for geothermal exploration.Yunsong HuangMiao ZhangKai GaoAndrew SabinLianjie HuangFrontiers Media S.A.articleanisotropic least-squares reverse-time migrationimaginggeothermal explorationground-roll suppressionfaultcomplex structureScienceQENFrontiers in Earth Science, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	anisotropic least-squares reverse-time migration imaging geothermal exploration ground-roll suppression fault complex structure Science Q
spellingShingle	anisotropic least-squares reverse-time migration imaging geothermal exploration ground-roll suppression fault complex structure Science Q Yunsong Huang Miao Zhang Kai Gao Andrew Sabin Lianjie Huang Imaging Complex Subsurface Structures for Geothermal Exploration at Pirouette Mountain and Eleven-Mile Canyon in Nevada
description	Accurate imaging of subsurface complex structures with faults is crucial for geothermal exploration because faults are generally the primary conduit of hydrothermal flow. It is very challenging to image geothermal exploration areas because of complex geologic structures with various faults and noisy surface seismic data with strong and coherent ground-roll noise. In addition, fracture zones and most geologic formations behave as anisotropic media for seismic-wave propagation. Properly suppressing ground-roll noise and accounting for subsurface anisotropic properties are essential for high-resolution imaging of subsurface structures and faults for geothermal exploration. We develop a novel wavenumber-adaptive bandpass filter to suppress the ground-roll noise without affecting useful seismic signals. This filter adaptively exploits both characteristics of the lower frequency and the smaller velocity of the ground-roll noise than those of the signals. Consequently, this filter can effectively differentiate the ground-roll noise from the signal. We use our novel filter to attenuate the ground-roll noise in seismic data along five survey lines acquired by the U.S. Navy Geothermal Program Office at Pirouette Mountain and Eleven-Mile Canyon in Nevada, United States. We then apply our novel anisotropic least-squares reverse-time migration algorithm to the resulting data for imaging subsurface structures at the Pirouette Mountain and Eleven-Mile Canyon geothermal exploration areas. The migration method employs an efficient implicit wavefield-separation scheme to reduce image artifacts and improve the image quality. Our results demonstrate that our wavenumber-adaptive bandpass filtering method successfully suppresses the strong and coherent ground-roll noise in the land seismic data, and our anisotropic least-squares reverse-time migration produces high-resolution subsurface images of Pirouette Mountain and Eleven-Mile Canyon, facilitating accurate fault interpretation for geothermal exploration.
format	article
author	Yunsong Huang Miao Zhang Kai Gao Andrew Sabin Lianjie Huang
author_facet	Yunsong Huang Miao Zhang Kai Gao Andrew Sabin Lianjie Huang
author_sort	Yunsong Huang
title	Imaging Complex Subsurface Structures for Geothermal Exploration at Pirouette Mountain and Eleven-Mile Canyon in Nevada
title_short	Imaging Complex Subsurface Structures for Geothermal Exploration at Pirouette Mountain and Eleven-Mile Canyon in Nevada
title_full	Imaging Complex Subsurface Structures for Geothermal Exploration at Pirouette Mountain and Eleven-Mile Canyon in Nevada
title_fullStr	Imaging Complex Subsurface Structures for Geothermal Exploration at Pirouette Mountain and Eleven-Mile Canyon in Nevada
title_full_unstemmed	Imaging Complex Subsurface Structures for Geothermal Exploration at Pirouette Mountain and Eleven-Mile Canyon in Nevada
title_sort	imaging complex subsurface structures for geothermal exploration at pirouette mountain and eleven-mile canyon in nevada
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/609789c79e064034ad50f211e3067694
work_keys_str_mv	AT yunsonghuang imagingcomplexsubsurfacestructuresforgeothermalexplorationatpirouettemountainandelevenmilecanyoninnevada AT miaozhang imagingcomplexsubsurfacestructuresforgeothermalexplorationatpirouettemountainandelevenmilecanyoninnevada AT kaigao imagingcomplexsubsurfacestructuresforgeothermalexplorationatpirouettemountainandelevenmilecanyoninnevada AT andrewsabin imagingcomplexsubsurfacestructuresforgeothermalexplorationatpirouettemountainandelevenmilecanyoninnevada AT lianjiehuang imagingcomplexsubsurfacestructuresforgeothermalexplorationatpirouettemountainandelevenmilecanyoninnevada
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Imaging Complex Subsurface Structures for Geothermal Exploration at Pirouette Mountain and Eleven-Mile Canyon in Nevada

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