Paracrine diffusion of PrP(C) and propagation of prion infectivity by plasma membrane-derived microvesicles.

Cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) is a physiological constituent of eukaryotic cells. The cellular pathways underlying prions spread from the sites of prions infection/peripheral replication to the central nervous system are still not elucidated. Membrane-derived microvesicles (MVs) are submicron (0.1...

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Autores principales: Vincenzo Mattei, Maria Grazia Barenco, Vincenzo Tasciotti, Tina Garofalo, Agostina Longo, Klaus Boller, Johannes Löwer, Roberta Misasi, Fabio Montrasio, Maurizio Sorice
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Publicado: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2009
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:60a3d355fb45408eadee1c64f31a75442021-11-25T06:16:23ZParacrine diffusion of PrP(C) and propagation of prion infectivity by plasma membrane-derived microvesicles.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0005057https://doaj.org/article/60a3d355fb45408eadee1c64f31a75442009-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/19337375/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) is a physiological constituent of eukaryotic cells. The cellular pathways underlying prions spread from the sites of prions infection/peripheral replication to the central nervous system are still not elucidated. Membrane-derived microvesicles (MVs) are submicron (0.1-1 microm) particles, that are released by cells during plasma membrane shedding processes. They are usually liberated from different cell types, mainly upon activation as well as apoptosis, in this case, one of their hallmarks is the exposure of phosphatidylserine in the outer leaflet of the membrane. MVs are also characterized by the presence of adhesion molecules, MHC I molecules, as well as of membrane antigens typical of their cell of origin. Evidence exists that MVs shedding provide vehicles to transfer molecules among cells, and that MVs are important modulators of cell-to-cell communication. In this study we therefore analyzed the potential role of membrane-derived MVs in the mechanism(s) of PrP(C) diffusion and prion infectivity transmission. We first identified PrP(C) in association with the lipid raft components Fyn, flotillin-2, GM1 and GM3 in MVs from plasma of healthy human donors. Similar findings were found in MVs from cell culture supernatants of murine neuronal cells. Furthermore we demonstrated that PrP(Sc) is released from infected murine neuronal cells in association with plasma membrane-derived MVs and that PrP(Sc)-bearing MVs are infectious both in vitro and in vivo. The data suggest that MVs may contribute both to the intercellular mechanism(s) of PrP(C) diffusion and signaling as well as to the process of prion spread and neuroinvasion.Vincenzo MatteiMaria Grazia BarencoVincenzo TasciottiTina GarofaloAgostina LongoKlaus BollerJohannes LöwerRoberta MisasiFabio MontrasioMaurizio SoricePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 4, Iss 4, p e5057 (2009)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Vincenzo Mattei
Maria Grazia Barenco
Vincenzo Tasciotti
Tina Garofalo
Agostina Longo
Klaus Boller
Johannes Löwer
Roberta Misasi
Fabio Montrasio
Maurizio Sorice
Paracrine diffusion of PrP(C) and propagation of prion infectivity by plasma membrane-derived microvesicles.
description Cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) is a physiological constituent of eukaryotic cells. The cellular pathways underlying prions spread from the sites of prions infection/peripheral replication to the central nervous system are still not elucidated. Membrane-derived microvesicles (MVs) are submicron (0.1-1 microm) particles, that are released by cells during plasma membrane shedding processes. They are usually liberated from different cell types, mainly upon activation as well as apoptosis, in this case, one of their hallmarks is the exposure of phosphatidylserine in the outer leaflet of the membrane. MVs are also characterized by the presence of adhesion molecules, MHC I molecules, as well as of membrane antigens typical of their cell of origin. Evidence exists that MVs shedding provide vehicles to transfer molecules among cells, and that MVs are important modulators of cell-to-cell communication. In this study we therefore analyzed the potential role of membrane-derived MVs in the mechanism(s) of PrP(C) diffusion and prion infectivity transmission. We first identified PrP(C) in association with the lipid raft components Fyn, flotillin-2, GM1 and GM3 in MVs from plasma of healthy human donors. Similar findings were found in MVs from cell culture supernatants of murine neuronal cells. Furthermore we demonstrated that PrP(Sc) is released from infected murine neuronal cells in association with plasma membrane-derived MVs and that PrP(Sc)-bearing MVs are infectious both in vitro and in vivo. The data suggest that MVs may contribute both to the intercellular mechanism(s) of PrP(C) diffusion and signaling as well as to the process of prion spread and neuroinvasion.
format article
author Vincenzo Mattei
Maria Grazia Barenco
Vincenzo Tasciotti
Tina Garofalo
Agostina Longo
Klaus Boller
Johannes Löwer
Roberta Misasi
Fabio Montrasio
Maurizio Sorice
author_facet Vincenzo Mattei
Maria Grazia Barenco
Vincenzo Tasciotti
Tina Garofalo
Agostina Longo
Klaus Boller
Johannes Löwer
Roberta Misasi
Fabio Montrasio
Maurizio Sorice
author_sort Vincenzo Mattei
title Paracrine diffusion of PrP(C) and propagation of prion infectivity by plasma membrane-derived microvesicles.
title_short Paracrine diffusion of PrP(C) and propagation of prion infectivity by plasma membrane-derived microvesicles.
title_full Paracrine diffusion of PrP(C) and propagation of prion infectivity by plasma membrane-derived microvesicles.
title_fullStr Paracrine diffusion of PrP(C) and propagation of prion infectivity by plasma membrane-derived microvesicles.
title_full_unstemmed Paracrine diffusion of PrP(C) and propagation of prion infectivity by plasma membrane-derived microvesicles.
title_sort paracrine diffusion of prp(c) and propagation of prion infectivity by plasma membrane-derived microvesicles.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate 2009
url https://doaj.org/article/60a3d355fb45408eadee1c64f31a7544
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