Pathogenesis and virulence of flavivirus infections

The Flavivirus genus consists of >70 members including several that are considered significant human pathogens. Flaviviruses display a broad spectrum of diseases that can be roughly categorised into two phenotypes – systemic disease involving haemorrhage exemplified by dengue and yellow Fever vir...

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Autores principales:	Sophie Wilhelmina van Leur, Tiaan Heunis, Deeksha Munnur, Sumana Sanyal
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2021
Materias:	flavivirus pathogenesis life-cycle immunity dengue zika host-pathogen interactions Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/60b4bb69475a476bb561b50fa79faac3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:60b4bb69475a476bb561b50fa79faac32021-11-26T11:19:49ZPathogenesis and virulence of flavivirus infections2150-55942150-560810.1080/21505594.2021.1996059https://doaj.org/article/60b4bb69475a476bb561b50fa79faac32021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2021.1996059https://doaj.org/toc/2150-5594https://doaj.org/toc/2150-5608The Flavivirus genus consists of >70 members including several that are considered significant human pathogens. Flaviviruses display a broad spectrum of diseases that can be roughly categorised into two phenotypes – systemic disease involving haemorrhage exemplified by dengue and yellow Fever virus, and neurological complications associated with the likes of West Nile and Zika viruses. Attempts to develop vaccines have been variably successful against some. Besides, mosquito-borne flaviviruses can be vertically transmitted in the arthropods, enabling long term persistence and the possibility of re-emergence. Therefore, developing strategies to combat disease is imperative even if vaccines become available. The cellular interactions of flaviviruses with their human hosts are key to establishing the viral lifecycle on the one hand, and activation of host immunity on the other. The latter should ideally eradicate infection, but often leads to immunopathological and neurological consequences. In this review, we use Dengue and Zika viruses to discuss what we have learned about the cellular and molecular determinants of the viral lifecycle and the accompanying immunopathology, while highlighting current knowledge gaps which need to be addressed in future studies.Sophie Wilhelmina van LeurTiaan HeunisDeeksha MunnurSumana SanyalTaylor & Francis Grouparticleflaviviruspathogenesislife-cycleimmunitydenguezikahost-pathogen interactionsInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENVirulence, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 2814-2838 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	flavivirus pathogenesis life-cycle immunity dengue zika host-pathogen interactions Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	flavivirus pathogenesis life-cycle immunity dengue zika host-pathogen interactions Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Sophie Wilhelmina van Leur Tiaan Heunis Deeksha Munnur Sumana Sanyal Pathogenesis and virulence of flavivirus infections
description	The Flavivirus genus consists of >70 members including several that are considered significant human pathogens. Flaviviruses display a broad spectrum of diseases that can be roughly categorised into two phenotypes – systemic disease involving haemorrhage exemplified by dengue and yellow Fever virus, and neurological complications associated with the likes of West Nile and Zika viruses. Attempts to develop vaccines have been variably successful against some. Besides, mosquito-borne flaviviruses can be vertically transmitted in the arthropods, enabling long term persistence and the possibility of re-emergence. Therefore, developing strategies to combat disease is imperative even if vaccines become available. The cellular interactions of flaviviruses with their human hosts are key to establishing the viral lifecycle on the one hand, and activation of host immunity on the other. The latter should ideally eradicate infection, but often leads to immunopathological and neurological consequences. In this review, we use Dengue and Zika viruses to discuss what we have learned about the cellular and molecular determinants of the viral lifecycle and the accompanying immunopathology, while highlighting current knowledge gaps which need to be addressed in future studies.
format	article
author	Sophie Wilhelmina van Leur Tiaan Heunis Deeksha Munnur Sumana Sanyal
author_facet	Sophie Wilhelmina van Leur Tiaan Heunis Deeksha Munnur Sumana Sanyal
author_sort	Sophie Wilhelmina van Leur
title	Pathogenesis and virulence of flavivirus infections
title_short	Pathogenesis and virulence of flavivirus infections
title_full	Pathogenesis and virulence of flavivirus infections
title_fullStr	Pathogenesis and virulence of flavivirus infections
title_full_unstemmed	Pathogenesis and virulence of flavivirus infections
title_sort	pathogenesis and virulence of flavivirus infections
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/60b4bb69475a476bb561b50fa79faac3
work_keys_str_mv	AT sophiewilhelminavanleur pathogenesisandvirulenceofflavivirusinfections AT tiaanheunis pathogenesisandvirulenceofflavivirusinfections AT deekshamunnur pathogenesisandvirulenceofflavivirusinfections AT sumanasanyal pathogenesisandvirulenceofflavivirusinfections
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Pathogenesis and virulence of flavivirus infections

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