Health Inequities in LGBT People and Nursing Interventions to Reduce Them: A Systematic Review

Background: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people present poorer mental and physical health results compared to the heterosexual and cisgender population. There are barriers in the healthcare system that increase these health inequities. Objective: To synthesise the available evidenc...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Jorge Medina-Martínez, Carlos Saus-Ortega, María Montserrat Sánchez-Lorente, Eva María Sosa-Palanca, Pedro García-Martínez, María Isabel Mármol-López
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	LGBT sexual and gender minorities nurses nursing social determinants of health minority stress Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/60bc553a87d24b1696f7adfc88363ee9
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:60bc553a87d24b1696f7adfc88363ee9
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:60bc553a87d24b1696f7adfc88363ee92021-11-25T17:48:32ZHealth Inequities in LGBT People and Nursing Interventions to Reduce Them: A Systematic Review10.3390/ijerph1822118011660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/60bc553a87d24b1696f7adfc88363ee92021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/22/11801https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601Background: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people present poorer mental and physical health results compared to the heterosexual and cisgender population. There are barriers in the healthcare system that increase these health inequities. Objective: To synthesise the available evidence on how nurses can intervene in reducing health inequities in LGBT people, identifying their specific health needs and describing their experiences and perceptions of the barriers they face in the healthcare system. Methods: Systematic review. Between March and April 2021, a bibliographic search was carried out in the Cuiden, LILACS, PubMed, Dialnet, SciELO, Trip Database, and Web of Science databases and metasearch engines. Inclusion criteria: Articles published in the last 5 years that address the specific health needs of LGBT people, their experiences and perceptions, or interventions in this group in which nurses may engage. Results: A total of 16 articles were selected. Health disparities were detected in the LGBT community, which exhibited higher rates of mental health problems, substance abuse, risky sexual behaviours, self-harm, and suicide. These inequalities were related to minority stress, and each of them differently impacted individual populations within the broader LGBT community depending on their sexual orientations and gender identities. The impact of these factors was, in turn, modified by the intersections of race/ethnicity, geographic region, and socioeconomic factors. LGBT people described discriminatory experiences by health professionals, as well as their distrust and fear in this setting. Nurses can carry out interventions such as inclusive education about sex and sexual and gender diversity and bullying and suicide prevention programmes, and can provide gender-affirming and family-centred care. Conclusions: LGBT people experience health inequities and discrimination in the healthcare system. Nurses can implement diverse interventions to reduce these problems and, moreover, these health professionals are obliged to acquire cultural competence regarding LGBT health.Jorge Medina-MartínezCarlos Saus-OrtegaMaría Montserrat Sánchez-LorenteEva María Sosa-PalancaPedro García-MartínezMaría Isabel Mármol-LópezMDPI AGarticleLGBTsexual and gender minoritiesnursesnursingsocial determinants of healthminority stressMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11801, p 11801 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	LGBT sexual and gender minorities nurses nursing social determinants of health minority stress Medicine R
spellingShingle	LGBT sexual and gender minorities nurses nursing social determinants of health minority stress Medicine R Jorge Medina-Martínez Carlos Saus-Ortega María Montserrat Sánchez-Lorente Eva María Sosa-Palanca Pedro García-Martínez María Isabel Mármol-López Health Inequities in LGBT People and Nursing Interventions to Reduce Them: A Systematic Review
description	Background: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people present poorer mental and physical health results compared to the heterosexual and cisgender population. There are barriers in the healthcare system that increase these health inequities. Objective: To synthesise the available evidence on how nurses can intervene in reducing health inequities in LGBT people, identifying their specific health needs and describing their experiences and perceptions of the barriers they face in the healthcare system. Methods: Systematic review. Between March and April 2021, a bibliographic search was carried out in the Cuiden, LILACS, PubMed, Dialnet, SciELO, Trip Database, and Web of Science databases and metasearch engines. Inclusion criteria: Articles published in the last 5 years that address the specific health needs of LGBT people, their experiences and perceptions, or interventions in this group in which nurses may engage. Results: A total of 16 articles were selected. Health disparities were detected in the LGBT community, which exhibited higher rates of mental health problems, substance abuse, risky sexual behaviours, self-harm, and suicide. These inequalities were related to minority stress, and each of them differently impacted individual populations within the broader LGBT community depending on their sexual orientations and gender identities. The impact of these factors was, in turn, modified by the intersections of race/ethnicity, geographic region, and socioeconomic factors. LGBT people described discriminatory experiences by health professionals, as well as their distrust and fear in this setting. Nurses can carry out interventions such as inclusive education about sex and sexual and gender diversity and bullying and suicide prevention programmes, and can provide gender-affirming and family-centred care. Conclusions: LGBT people experience health inequities and discrimination in the healthcare system. Nurses can implement diverse interventions to reduce these problems and, moreover, these health professionals are obliged to acquire cultural competence regarding LGBT health.
format	article
author	Jorge Medina-Martínez Carlos Saus-Ortega María Montserrat Sánchez-Lorente Eva María Sosa-Palanca Pedro García-Martínez María Isabel Mármol-López
author_facet	Jorge Medina-Martínez Carlos Saus-Ortega María Montserrat Sánchez-Lorente Eva María Sosa-Palanca Pedro García-Martínez María Isabel Mármol-López
author_sort	Jorge Medina-Martínez
title	Health Inequities in LGBT People and Nursing Interventions to Reduce Them: A Systematic Review
title_short	Health Inequities in LGBT People and Nursing Interventions to Reduce Them: A Systematic Review
title_full	Health Inequities in LGBT People and Nursing Interventions to Reduce Them: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr	Health Inequities in LGBT People and Nursing Interventions to Reduce Them: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed	Health Inequities in LGBT People and Nursing Interventions to Reduce Them: A Systematic Review
title_sort	health inequities in lgbt people and nursing interventions to reduce them: a systematic review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/60bc553a87d24b1696f7adfc88363ee9
work_keys_str_mv	AT jorgemedinamartinez healthinequitiesinlgbtpeopleandnursinginterventionstoreducethemasystematicreview AT carlossausortega healthinequitiesinlgbtpeopleandnursinginterventionstoreducethemasystematicreview AT mariamontserratsanchezlorente healthinequitiesinlgbtpeopleandnursinginterventionstoreducethemasystematicreview AT evamariasosapalanca healthinequitiesinlgbtpeopleandnursinginterventionstoreducethemasystematicreview AT pedrogarciamartinez healthinequitiesinlgbtpeopleandnursinginterventionstoreducethemasystematicreview AT mariaisabelmarmollopez healthinequitiesinlgbtpeopleandnursinginterventionstoreducethemasystematicreview
_version_	1718411987711426560

Health Inequities in LGBT People and Nursing Interventions to Reduce Them: A Systematic Review

Ejemplares similares