The role of salivary vesicles as a potential inflammatory biomarker to detect traumatic brain injury in mixed martial artists

Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is of significant concern in the realm of high impact contact sports, including mixed martial arts (MMA). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) travel between the brain and oral cavity and may be isolated from salivary samples as a noninvasive biomarker of TBI. Salivary...

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Autores principales:	Rani Matuk, Mandy Pereira, Janette Baird, Mark Dooner, Yan Cheng, Sicheng Wen, Shyam Rao, Peter Quesenberry, Neha P. Raukar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/60ec6c54333444a28596a8dd4769f83f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:60ec6c54333444a28596a8dd4769f83f2021-12-02T14:26:12ZThe role of salivary vesicles as a potential inflammatory biomarker to detect traumatic brain injury in mixed martial artists10.1038/s41598-021-87180-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/60ec6c54333444a28596a8dd4769f83f2021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87180-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is of significant concern in the realm of high impact contact sports, including mixed martial arts (MMA). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) travel between the brain and oral cavity and may be isolated from salivary samples as a noninvasive biomarker of TBI. Salivary EVs may highlight acute neurocognitive or neuropathological changes, which may be particularly useful as a biomarker in high impact sports. Pre and post-fight samples of saliva were isolated from 8 MMA fighters and 7 from controls. Real-time PCR of salivary EVs was done using the TaqMan Human Inflammatory array. Gene expression profiles were compared pre-fight to post-fight as well as pre-fight to controls. Largest signals were noted for fighters sustaining a loss by technical knockout (higher impact mechanism of injury) or a full match culminating in referee decision (longer length of fight), while smaller signals were noted for fighters winning by joint or choke submission (lower impact mechanism as well as less time). A correlation was observed between absolute gene information signals and fight related markers of head injury severity. Gene expression was also significantly different in MMA fighters pre-fight compared to controls. Our findings suggest that salivary EVs as a potential biomarker in the acute period following head injury to identify injury severity and can help elucidate pathophysiological processes involved in TBI.Rani MatukMandy PereiraJanette BairdMark DoonerYan ChengSicheng WenShyam RaoPeter QuesenberryNeha P. RaukarNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Rani Matuk Mandy Pereira Janette Baird Mark Dooner Yan Cheng Sicheng Wen Shyam Rao Peter Quesenberry Neha P. Raukar The role of salivary vesicles as a potential inflammatory biomarker to detect traumatic brain injury in mixed martial artists
description	Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is of significant concern in the realm of high impact contact sports, including mixed martial arts (MMA). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) travel between the brain and oral cavity and may be isolated from salivary samples as a noninvasive biomarker of TBI. Salivary EVs may highlight acute neurocognitive or neuropathological changes, which may be particularly useful as a biomarker in high impact sports. Pre and post-fight samples of saliva were isolated from 8 MMA fighters and 7 from controls. Real-time PCR of salivary EVs was done using the TaqMan Human Inflammatory array. Gene expression profiles were compared pre-fight to post-fight as well as pre-fight to controls. Largest signals were noted for fighters sustaining a loss by technical knockout (higher impact mechanism of injury) or a full match culminating in referee decision (longer length of fight), while smaller signals were noted for fighters winning by joint or choke submission (lower impact mechanism as well as less time). A correlation was observed between absolute gene information signals and fight related markers of head injury severity. Gene expression was also significantly different in MMA fighters pre-fight compared to controls. Our findings suggest that salivary EVs as a potential biomarker in the acute period following head injury to identify injury severity and can help elucidate pathophysiological processes involved in TBI.
format	article
author	Rani Matuk Mandy Pereira Janette Baird Mark Dooner Yan Cheng Sicheng Wen Shyam Rao Peter Quesenberry Neha P. Raukar
author_facet	Rani Matuk Mandy Pereira Janette Baird Mark Dooner Yan Cheng Sicheng Wen Shyam Rao Peter Quesenberry Neha P. Raukar
author_sort	Rani Matuk
title	The role of salivary vesicles as a potential inflammatory biomarker to detect traumatic brain injury in mixed martial artists
title_short	The role of salivary vesicles as a potential inflammatory biomarker to detect traumatic brain injury in mixed martial artists
title_full	The role of salivary vesicles as a potential inflammatory biomarker to detect traumatic brain injury in mixed martial artists
title_fullStr	The role of salivary vesicles as a potential inflammatory biomarker to detect traumatic brain injury in mixed martial artists
title_full_unstemmed	The role of salivary vesicles as a potential inflammatory biomarker to detect traumatic brain injury in mixed martial artists
title_sort	role of salivary vesicles as a potential inflammatory biomarker to detect traumatic brain injury in mixed martial artists
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/60ec6c54333444a28596a8dd4769f83f
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The role of salivary vesicles as a potential inflammatory biomarker to detect traumatic brain injury in mixed martial artists

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