Surface biofunctionalized CdS and ZnS quantum dot nanoconjugates for nanomedicine and oncology: to be or not to be nanotoxic?

Alexandra AP Mansur,1 Herman S Mansur,1 Sandhra M de Carvalho,1–3 Zélia IP Lobato,2 Maria IMC Guedes,2 Maria F Leite3 1Center of Nanoscience, Nanotechnology, and Innovation-CeNano2I, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, 2Department of Preventive Veterinary Med...

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Autores principales:	Mansur AAP, Mansur HS, de Carvalho SM, Lobato ZIP, Guedes MI, Leite MF
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2016
Materias:	fluorescent nanoparticles semiconductor quantum dots nanotoxicity bionanoconjugates nanoprobes Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/60fc7e24ff7e4d5f9ca9f0da3b848761
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:60fc7e24ff7e4d5f9ca9f0da3b8487612021-12-02T05:04:31ZSurface biofunctionalized CdS and ZnS quantum dot nanoconjugates for nanomedicine and oncology: to be or not to be nanotoxic?1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/60fc7e24ff7e4d5f9ca9f0da3b8487612016-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/surface-biofunctionalized-cds-and-zns-quantum-dot-nanoconjugates-for-n-peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Alexandra AP Mansur,1 Herman S Mansur,1 Sandhra M de Carvalho,1–3 Zélia IP Lobato,2 Maria IMC Guedes,2 Maria F Leite3 1Center of Nanoscience, Nanotechnology, and Innovation-CeNano2I, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, 2Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, 3Department of Physiology and Biophysics, ICB, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Abstract: Herein, for the first time, we demonstrated that novel biofunctionalized semiconductor nanomaterials made of Cd-containing fluorescent quantum dot nanoconjugates with the surface capped by an aminopolysaccharide are not biologically safe for clinical applications. Conversely, the ZnS-based nanoconjugates proved to be noncytotoxic, considering all the parameters investigated. The results of in vitro cytotoxicity were remarkably dependent on the chemical composition of quantum dot (CdS or ZnS), the nature of the cell (human cancerous and embryonic types), and the concentration and time period of exposure to these nanomaterials, caused by the effects of Cd2+ on the complex nanotoxicity pathways involved in cellular uptake. Unexpectedly, no decisive evidence of nanotoxicity of CdS and ZnS conjugates was observed in vivo using intravenous injections in BALB/c mice for 30 days, with minor localized fluorescence detected in liver tissue specimens. Therefore, these results proved that CdS nanoconjugates could pose an excessive threat for clinical applications due to unpredicted and uncorrelated in vitro and in vivo responses caused by highly toxic cadmium ions at biointerfaces. On the contrary, ZnS nanoconjugates proved that the “safe by design” concept used in this research (ie, biocompatible core–shell nanostructures) could benefit a plethora of applications in nanomedicine and oncology. Keywords: fluorescent nanoparticles, semiconductor quantum dots, nanotoxicity, bionanoconjugates, nanoprobesMansur AAPMansur HSde Carvalho SMLobato ZIPGuedes MILeite MFDove Medical Pressarticlefluorescent nanoparticlessemiconductor quantum dotsnanotoxicitybionanoconjugatesnanoprobesMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 11, Pp 4669-4690 (2016)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	fluorescent nanoparticles semiconductor quantum dots nanotoxicity bionanoconjugates nanoprobes Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	fluorescent nanoparticles semiconductor quantum dots nanotoxicity bionanoconjugates nanoprobes Medicine (General) R5-920 Mansur AAP Mansur HS de Carvalho SM Lobato ZIP Guedes MI Leite MF Surface biofunctionalized CdS and ZnS quantum dot nanoconjugates for nanomedicine and oncology: to be or not to be nanotoxic?
description	Alexandra AP Mansur,1 Herman S Mansur,1 Sandhra M de Carvalho,1–3 Zélia IP Lobato,2 Maria IMC Guedes,2 Maria F Leite3 1Center of Nanoscience, Nanotechnology, and Innovation-CeNano2I, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, 2Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, 3Department of Physiology and Biophysics, ICB, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Abstract: Herein, for the first time, we demonstrated that novel biofunctionalized semiconductor nanomaterials made of Cd-containing fluorescent quantum dot nanoconjugates with the surface capped by an aminopolysaccharide are not biologically safe for clinical applications. Conversely, the ZnS-based nanoconjugates proved to be noncytotoxic, considering all the parameters investigated. The results of in vitro cytotoxicity were remarkably dependent on the chemical composition of quantum dot (CdS or ZnS), the nature of the cell (human cancerous and embryonic types), and the concentration and time period of exposure to these nanomaterials, caused by the effects of Cd2+ on the complex nanotoxicity pathways involved in cellular uptake. Unexpectedly, no decisive evidence of nanotoxicity of CdS and ZnS conjugates was observed in vivo using intravenous injections in BALB/c mice for 30 days, with minor localized fluorescence detected in liver tissue specimens. Therefore, these results proved that CdS nanoconjugates could pose an excessive threat for clinical applications due to unpredicted and uncorrelated in vitro and in vivo responses caused by highly toxic cadmium ions at biointerfaces. On the contrary, ZnS nanoconjugates proved that the “safe by design” concept used in this research (ie, biocompatible core–shell nanostructures) could benefit a plethora of applications in nanomedicine and oncology. Keywords: fluorescent nanoparticles, semiconductor quantum dots, nanotoxicity, bionanoconjugates, nanoprobes
format	article
author	Mansur AAP Mansur HS de Carvalho SM Lobato ZIP Guedes MI Leite MF
author_facet	Mansur AAP Mansur HS de Carvalho SM Lobato ZIP Guedes MI Leite MF
author_sort	Mansur AAP
title	Surface biofunctionalized CdS and ZnS quantum dot nanoconjugates for nanomedicine and oncology: to be or not to be nanotoxic?
title_short	Surface biofunctionalized CdS and ZnS quantum dot nanoconjugates for nanomedicine and oncology: to be or not to be nanotoxic?
title_full	Surface biofunctionalized CdS and ZnS quantum dot nanoconjugates for nanomedicine and oncology: to be or not to be nanotoxic?
title_fullStr	Surface biofunctionalized CdS and ZnS quantum dot nanoconjugates for nanomedicine and oncology: to be or not to be nanotoxic?
title_full_unstemmed	Surface biofunctionalized CdS and ZnS quantum dot nanoconjugates for nanomedicine and oncology: to be or not to be nanotoxic?
title_sort	surface biofunctionalized cds and zns quantum dot nanoconjugates for nanomedicine and oncology: to be or not to be nanotoxic?
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/60fc7e24ff7e4d5f9ca9f0da3b848761
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Surface biofunctionalized CdS and ZnS quantum dot nanoconjugates for nanomedicine and oncology: to be or not to be nanotoxic?

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