Quantifying the role of ocean coupling in Arctic amplification and sea-ice loss over the 21st century

Abstract The enhanced warming of the Arctic, relative to other parts of the Earth, a phenomenon known as Arctic amplification, is one of the most striking features of climate change, and has important climatic impacts for the entire Northern Hemisphere. Several mechanisms are believed to be responsi...

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Autores principales:	Rei Chemke, Lorenzo M. Polvani, Jennifer E. Kay, Clara Orbe
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/61048e2ffade48e78ba570dc1492ca84
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:61048e2ffade48e78ba570dc1492ca842021-12-02T19:16:12ZQuantifying the role of ocean coupling in Arctic amplification and sea-ice loss over the 21st century10.1038/s41612-021-00204-82397-3722https://doaj.org/article/61048e2ffade48e78ba570dc1492ca842021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-021-00204-8https://doaj.org/toc/2397-3722Abstract The enhanced warming of the Arctic, relative to other parts of the Earth, a phenomenon known as Arctic amplification, is one of the most striking features of climate change, and has important climatic impacts for the entire Northern Hemisphere. Several mechanisms are believed to be responsible for Arctic amplification; however, a quantitative understanding of their relative importance is still missing. Here, using ensembles of model integrations, we quantify the contribution of ocean coupling, both its thermodynamic and dynamic components, to Arctic amplification over the 20th and 21st centuries. We show that ocean coupling accounts for ~80% of the amplification by 2100. In particular, we show that thermodynamic coupling is responsible for future amplification and sea-ice loss as it overcomes the effect of dynamic coupling which reduces the amplification and sea-ice loss by ~35%. Our results demonstrate the utility of targeted numerical experiments to quantify the role of specific mechanisms in Arctic amplification, for better constraining climate projections.Rei ChemkeLorenzo M. PolvaniJennifer E. KayClara OrbeNature PortfolioarticleEnvironmental sciencesGE1-350Meteorology. ClimatologyQC851-999ENnpj Climate and Atmospheric Science, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999
spellingShingle	Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 Rei Chemke Lorenzo M. Polvani Jennifer E. Kay Clara Orbe Quantifying the role of ocean coupling in Arctic amplification and sea-ice loss over the 21st century
description	Abstract The enhanced warming of the Arctic, relative to other parts of the Earth, a phenomenon known as Arctic amplification, is one of the most striking features of climate change, and has important climatic impacts for the entire Northern Hemisphere. Several mechanisms are believed to be responsible for Arctic amplification; however, a quantitative understanding of their relative importance is still missing. Here, using ensembles of model integrations, we quantify the contribution of ocean coupling, both its thermodynamic and dynamic components, to Arctic amplification over the 20th and 21st centuries. We show that ocean coupling accounts for ~80% of the amplification by 2100. In particular, we show that thermodynamic coupling is responsible for future amplification and sea-ice loss as it overcomes the effect of dynamic coupling which reduces the amplification and sea-ice loss by ~35%. Our results demonstrate the utility of targeted numerical experiments to quantify the role of specific mechanisms in Arctic amplification, for better constraining climate projections.
format	article
author	Rei Chemke Lorenzo M. Polvani Jennifer E. Kay Clara Orbe
author_facet	Rei Chemke Lorenzo M. Polvani Jennifer E. Kay Clara Orbe
author_sort	Rei Chemke
title	Quantifying the role of ocean coupling in Arctic amplification and sea-ice loss over the 21st century
title_short	Quantifying the role of ocean coupling in Arctic amplification and sea-ice loss over the 21st century
title_full	Quantifying the role of ocean coupling in Arctic amplification and sea-ice loss over the 21st century
title_fullStr	Quantifying the role of ocean coupling in Arctic amplification and sea-ice loss over the 21st century
title_full_unstemmed	Quantifying the role of ocean coupling in Arctic amplification and sea-ice loss over the 21st century
title_sort	quantifying the role of ocean coupling in arctic amplification and sea-ice loss over the 21st century
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/61048e2ffade48e78ba570dc1492ca84
work_keys_str_mv	AT reichemke quantifyingtheroleofoceancouplinginarcticamplificationandseaicelossoverthe21stcentury AT lorenzompolvani quantifyingtheroleofoceancouplinginarcticamplificationandseaicelossoverthe21stcentury AT jenniferekay quantifyingtheroleofoceancouplinginarcticamplificationandseaicelossoverthe21stcentury AT claraorbe quantifyingtheroleofoceancouplinginarcticamplificationandseaicelossoverthe21stcentury
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Quantifying the role of ocean coupling in Arctic amplification and sea-ice loss over the 21st century

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