Phenotypic convergence in a natural Daphnia population acclimated to low temperature

Abstract Fluidity of a given membrane decreases at lower ambient temperatures, whereas it rises at increasing temperatures, which is achieved through changes in membrane lipid composition. In consistence with homeoviscous adaptation theory, lower temperatures result in increased tissue concentration...

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Autores principales:	Christian Werner, Kathrin A. Otte, Eric von Elert
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	Daphnia intraspecific competition membrane fluidity polyunsaturated fatty acid PUFA Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6108916648b64aecad686ec1ceb7bbe6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6108916648b64aecad686ec1ceb7bbe62021-11-08T17:10:41ZPhenotypic convergence in a natural Daphnia population acclimated to low temperature2045-775810.1002/ece3.8217https://doaj.org/article/6108916648b64aecad686ec1ceb7bbe62021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8217https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758Abstract Fluidity of a given membrane decreases at lower ambient temperatures, whereas it rises at increasing temperatures, which is achieved through changes in membrane lipid composition. In consistence with homeoviscous adaptation theory, lower temperatures result in increased tissue concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in Daphnia magna, suggesting a higher PUFA requirement at lower temperatures. However, so far homeoviscous adaptation has been suggested for single or geographically separated Daphnia genotypes only. Here, we investigated changes in relative fatty acid (FA) tissue concentrations in response to a lower temperature (15°C) within a D. magna population. We determined juvenile growth rates (JGR) and FA patterns of 14 genotypes that were grown on Chlamydomonas klinobasis at 15°C and 20°C. We report significant differences of JGR and the relative body content of various FAs between genotypes at either temperature and between temperatures. Based on slopes of reaction norms, we found genotype‐specific changes in FA profiles between temperatures suggesting that genotypes have different strategies to cope with changing temperatures. In a hierarchical clustering analysis, we grouped genotypes according to differences in direction and magnitude of changes in relative FA content, which resulted in three clusters of genotypes following different patterns of changes in FA composition. These patterns suggest a lower importance of the PUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5ω3) than previously assumed. We calculated an unsaturation index (UI) as a proxy for membrane fluidity at 15°C, and we neither found significant differences for this UI nor for fitness, measured as JGR, between the three genotype clusters. We conclude that these three genotype clusters represent different physiological solutions to temperature changes by altering the relative share of different FAs, but that their phenotypes converge with respect to membrane fluidity and JGR. These clusters will be subjected to different degrees of PUFA limitation when sharing the same diet.Christian WernerKathrin A. OtteEric von ElertWileyarticleDaphniaintraspecific competitionmembrane fluiditypolyunsaturated fatty acidPUFAEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcology and Evolution, Vol 11, Iss 21, Pp 15312-15324 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Daphnia intraspecific competition membrane fluidity polyunsaturated fatty acid PUFA Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Daphnia intraspecific competition membrane fluidity polyunsaturated fatty acid PUFA Ecology QH540-549.5 Christian Werner Kathrin A. Otte Eric von Elert Phenotypic convergence in a natural Daphnia population acclimated to low temperature
description	Abstract Fluidity of a given membrane decreases at lower ambient temperatures, whereas it rises at increasing temperatures, which is achieved through changes in membrane lipid composition. In consistence with homeoviscous adaptation theory, lower temperatures result in increased tissue concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in Daphnia magna, suggesting a higher PUFA requirement at lower temperatures. However, so far homeoviscous adaptation has been suggested for single or geographically separated Daphnia genotypes only. Here, we investigated changes in relative fatty acid (FA) tissue concentrations in response to a lower temperature (15°C) within a D. magna population. We determined juvenile growth rates (JGR) and FA patterns of 14 genotypes that were grown on Chlamydomonas klinobasis at 15°C and 20°C. We report significant differences of JGR and the relative body content of various FAs between genotypes at either temperature and between temperatures. Based on slopes of reaction norms, we found genotype‐specific changes in FA profiles between temperatures suggesting that genotypes have different strategies to cope with changing temperatures. In a hierarchical clustering analysis, we grouped genotypes according to differences in direction and magnitude of changes in relative FA content, which resulted in three clusters of genotypes following different patterns of changes in FA composition. These patterns suggest a lower importance of the PUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5ω3) than previously assumed. We calculated an unsaturation index (UI) as a proxy for membrane fluidity at 15°C, and we neither found significant differences for this UI nor for fitness, measured as JGR, between the three genotype clusters. We conclude that these three genotype clusters represent different physiological solutions to temperature changes by altering the relative share of different FAs, but that their phenotypes converge with respect to membrane fluidity and JGR. These clusters will be subjected to different degrees of PUFA limitation when sharing the same diet.
format	article
author	Christian Werner Kathrin A. Otte Eric von Elert
author_facet	Christian Werner Kathrin A. Otte Eric von Elert
author_sort	Christian Werner
title	Phenotypic convergence in a natural Daphnia population acclimated to low temperature
title_short	Phenotypic convergence in a natural Daphnia population acclimated to low temperature
title_full	Phenotypic convergence in a natural Daphnia population acclimated to low temperature
title_fullStr	Phenotypic convergence in a natural Daphnia population acclimated to low temperature
title_full_unstemmed	Phenotypic convergence in a natural Daphnia population acclimated to low temperature
title_sort	phenotypic convergence in a natural daphnia population acclimated to low temperature
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6108916648b64aecad686ec1ceb7bbe6
work_keys_str_mv	AT christianwerner phenotypicconvergenceinanaturaldaphniapopulationacclimatedtolowtemperature AT kathrinaotte phenotypicconvergenceinanaturaldaphniapopulationacclimatedtolowtemperature AT ericvonelert phenotypicconvergenceinanaturaldaphniapopulationacclimatedtolowtemperature
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Phenotypic convergence in a natural Daphnia population acclimated to low temperature

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