Air pollution exposure is linked with methylation of immunoregulatory genes, altered immune cell profiles, and increased blood pressure in children

Abstract Ambient air pollution exposure is associated with cardiovascular dysregulation and immune system alterations, yet no study has investigated both simultaneously in children. Understanding the multifaceted impacts may provide early clues for clinical intervention prior to actual disease prese...

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Autores principales:	Mary Prunicki, Nicholas Cauwenberghs, Justin Lee, Xiaoying Zhou, Hesam Movassagh, Elizabeth Noth, Fred Lurmann, S. Katharine Hammond, John R. Balmes, Manisha Desai, Joseph C. Wu, Kari C. Nadeau
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/611d3bce337b4c7699d342837984ec2a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:611d3bce337b4c7699d342837984ec2a2021-12-02T10:54:31ZAir pollution exposure is linked with methylation of immunoregulatory genes, altered immune cell profiles, and increased blood pressure in children10.1038/s41598-021-83577-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/611d3bce337b4c7699d342837984ec2a2021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83577-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Ambient air pollution exposure is associated with cardiovascular dysregulation and immune system alterations, yet no study has investigated both simultaneously in children. Understanding the multifaceted impacts may provide early clues for clinical intervention prior to actual disease presentation. We therefore determined the associations between exposure to multiple air pollutants and both immunological outcomes (methylation and protein expression of immune cell types associated with immune regulation) and cardiovascular outcomes (blood pressure) in a cohort of school-aged children (6–8 years; n = 221) living in a city with known elevated pollution levels. Exposure to fine particular matter (PM2.5), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) was linked to altered methylation of most CpG sites for genes Foxp3, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-g, all involved in immune regulation (e.g. higher PM2.5 exposure 1 month prior to the study visit was independently associated with methylation of the IL-4 CpG24 site (est = 0.16; P = 0.0095). Also, immune T helper cell types (Th1, Th2 and Th17) were associated with short-term exposure to PM2.5, O3 and CO (e.g. Th1 cells associated with PM2.5 at 30 days: est = − 0.34, P < 0.0001). Both B cells (est = − 0.19) and CD4+ cells (est = 0.16) were associated with 1 day NO2 exposure (P ≤ 0.031), whereas CD4+ and CD8+ cells were associated with chronic exposure to PAH456, NOx and/or NO2 (P ≤ 0.038 for all). Finally, diastolic BP (DBP) was inversely associated with long-term exposures to both CO and PAH456, and both systolic and pulse pressure were associated with short-term NO2 and chronic NOx exposure. Our findings demonstrate links between air pollution exposure and methylation of immunoregulatory genes, immune cell profiles and blood pressure, suggesting that even at a young age, the immune and cardiovascular systems are negatively impacted by exposure to air pollution.Mary PrunickiNicholas CauwenberghsJustin LeeXiaoying ZhouHesam MovassaghElizabeth NothFred LurmannS. Katharine HammondJohn R. BalmesManisha DesaiJoseph C. WuKari C. NadeauNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mary Prunicki Nicholas Cauwenberghs Justin Lee Xiaoying Zhou Hesam Movassagh Elizabeth Noth Fred Lurmann S. Katharine Hammond John R. Balmes Manisha Desai Joseph C. Wu Kari C. Nadeau Air pollution exposure is linked with methylation of immunoregulatory genes, altered immune cell profiles, and increased blood pressure in children
description	Abstract Ambient air pollution exposure is associated with cardiovascular dysregulation and immune system alterations, yet no study has investigated both simultaneously in children. Understanding the multifaceted impacts may provide early clues for clinical intervention prior to actual disease presentation. We therefore determined the associations between exposure to multiple air pollutants and both immunological outcomes (methylation and protein expression of immune cell types associated with immune regulation) and cardiovascular outcomes (blood pressure) in a cohort of school-aged children (6–8 years; n = 221) living in a city with known elevated pollution levels. Exposure to fine particular matter (PM2.5), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) was linked to altered methylation of most CpG sites for genes Foxp3, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-g, all involved in immune regulation (e.g. higher PM2.5 exposure 1 month prior to the study visit was independently associated with methylation of the IL-4 CpG24 site (est = 0.16; P = 0.0095). Also, immune T helper cell types (Th1, Th2 and Th17) were associated with short-term exposure to PM2.5, O3 and CO (e.g. Th1 cells associated with PM2.5 at 30 days: est = − 0.34, P < 0.0001). Both B cells (est = − 0.19) and CD4+ cells (est = 0.16) were associated with 1 day NO2 exposure (P ≤ 0.031), whereas CD4+ and CD8+ cells were associated with chronic exposure to PAH456, NOx and/or NO2 (P ≤ 0.038 for all). Finally, diastolic BP (DBP) was inversely associated with long-term exposures to both CO and PAH456, and both systolic and pulse pressure were associated with short-term NO2 and chronic NOx exposure. Our findings demonstrate links between air pollution exposure and methylation of immunoregulatory genes, immune cell profiles and blood pressure, suggesting that even at a young age, the immune and cardiovascular systems are negatively impacted by exposure to air pollution.
format	article
author	Mary Prunicki Nicholas Cauwenberghs Justin Lee Xiaoying Zhou Hesam Movassagh Elizabeth Noth Fred Lurmann S. Katharine Hammond John R. Balmes Manisha Desai Joseph C. Wu Kari C. Nadeau
author_facet	Mary Prunicki Nicholas Cauwenberghs Justin Lee Xiaoying Zhou Hesam Movassagh Elizabeth Noth Fred Lurmann S. Katharine Hammond John R. Balmes Manisha Desai Joseph C. Wu Kari C. Nadeau
author_sort	Mary Prunicki
title	Air pollution exposure is linked with methylation of immunoregulatory genes, altered immune cell profiles, and increased blood pressure in children
title_short	Air pollution exposure is linked with methylation of immunoregulatory genes, altered immune cell profiles, and increased blood pressure in children
title_full	Air pollution exposure is linked with methylation of immunoregulatory genes, altered immune cell profiles, and increased blood pressure in children
title_fullStr	Air pollution exposure is linked with methylation of immunoregulatory genes, altered immune cell profiles, and increased blood pressure in children
title_full_unstemmed	Air pollution exposure is linked with methylation of immunoregulatory genes, altered immune cell profiles, and increased blood pressure in children
title_sort	air pollution exposure is linked with methylation of immunoregulatory genes, altered immune cell profiles, and increased blood pressure in children
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/611d3bce337b4c7699d342837984ec2a
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Air pollution exposure is linked with methylation of immunoregulatory genes, altered immune cell profiles, and increased blood pressure in children

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