Neuromelanins of human brain have soluble and insoluble components with dolichols attached to the melanic structure.

Neuromelanins (NMs) are neuronal pigments of melanic-lipidic type which accumulate during aging. They are involved in protective and degenerative mechanisms depending on the cellular context, however their structures are still poorly understood. NMs from nine human brain areas were analyzed in detai...

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Autores principales:	Mireille Engelen, Renzo Vanna, Chiara Bellei, Fabio A Zucca, Kazumasa Wakamatsu, Enrico Monzani, Shosuke Ito, Luigi Casella, Luigi Zecca
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/612df313c4f54d11a2c1062e9c1b1463
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:612df313c4f54d11a2c1062e9c1b14632021-11-18T08:10:05ZNeuromelanins of human brain have soluble and insoluble components with dolichols attached to the melanic structure.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0048490https://doaj.org/article/612df313c4f54d11a2c1062e9c1b14632012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23139786/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Neuromelanins (NMs) are neuronal pigments of melanic-lipidic type which accumulate during aging. They are involved in protective and degenerative mechanisms depending on the cellular context, however their structures are still poorly understood. NMs from nine human brain areas were analyzed in detail. Elemental analysis led to identification of three types of NM, while infrared spectroscopy showed that NMs from neurons of substantia nigra and locus coeruleus, which selectively degenerate in Parkinson's disease, have similar structure but different from NMs from brain regions not targeted by the disease. Synthetic melanins containing Fe and bovine serum albumin were prepared to model the natural product and help clarifying the structure of NMs. Extensive nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies showed the presence of dolichols both in the soluble and insoluble parts of NM. Diffusion measurements demonstrated that the dimethyl sulfoxide soluble components consist of oligomeric precursors with MWs in the range 1.4-52 kDa, while the insoluble part contains polymers of larger size but with a similar composition. These data suggest that the selective vulnerability of neurons of substantia nigra and locus coeruleus in Parkinson's disease might depend on the structure of the pigment. Moreover, they allow to propose a pathway for NM biosynthesis in human brain.Mireille EngelenRenzo VannaChiara BelleiFabio A ZuccaKazumasa WakamatsuEnrico MonzaniShosuke ItoLuigi CasellaLuigi ZeccaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 11, p e48490 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mireille Engelen Renzo Vanna Chiara Bellei Fabio A Zucca Kazumasa Wakamatsu Enrico Monzani Shosuke Ito Luigi Casella Luigi Zecca Neuromelanins of human brain have soluble and insoluble components with dolichols attached to the melanic structure.
description	Neuromelanins (NMs) are neuronal pigments of melanic-lipidic type which accumulate during aging. They are involved in protective and degenerative mechanisms depending on the cellular context, however their structures are still poorly understood. NMs from nine human brain areas were analyzed in detail. Elemental analysis led to identification of three types of NM, while infrared spectroscopy showed that NMs from neurons of substantia nigra and locus coeruleus, which selectively degenerate in Parkinson's disease, have similar structure but different from NMs from brain regions not targeted by the disease. Synthetic melanins containing Fe and bovine serum albumin were prepared to model the natural product and help clarifying the structure of NMs. Extensive nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies showed the presence of dolichols both in the soluble and insoluble parts of NM. Diffusion measurements demonstrated that the dimethyl sulfoxide soluble components consist of oligomeric precursors with MWs in the range 1.4-52 kDa, while the insoluble part contains polymers of larger size but with a similar composition. These data suggest that the selective vulnerability of neurons of substantia nigra and locus coeruleus in Parkinson's disease might depend on the structure of the pigment. Moreover, they allow to propose a pathway for NM biosynthesis in human brain.
format	article
author	Mireille Engelen Renzo Vanna Chiara Bellei Fabio A Zucca Kazumasa Wakamatsu Enrico Monzani Shosuke Ito Luigi Casella Luigi Zecca
author_facet	Mireille Engelen Renzo Vanna Chiara Bellei Fabio A Zucca Kazumasa Wakamatsu Enrico Monzani Shosuke Ito Luigi Casella Luigi Zecca
author_sort	Mireille Engelen
title	Neuromelanins of human brain have soluble and insoluble components with dolichols attached to the melanic structure.
title_short	Neuromelanins of human brain have soluble and insoluble components with dolichols attached to the melanic structure.
title_full	Neuromelanins of human brain have soluble and insoluble components with dolichols attached to the melanic structure.
title_fullStr	Neuromelanins of human brain have soluble and insoluble components with dolichols attached to the melanic structure.
title_full_unstemmed	Neuromelanins of human brain have soluble and insoluble components with dolichols attached to the melanic structure.
title_sort	neuromelanins of human brain have soluble and insoluble components with dolichols attached to the melanic structure.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/612df313c4f54d11a2c1062e9c1b1463
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Neuromelanins of human brain have soluble and insoluble components with dolichols attached to the melanic structure.

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