Diversity and evolution of sex determination systems in terrestrial isopods

Abstract Sex determination systems are highly variable in many taxa, sometimes even between closely related species. Yet the number and direction of transitions between these systems have seldom been characterized, and the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Here we generated transcri...

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Autores principales:	Thomas Becking, Isabelle Giraud, Maryline Raimond, Bouziane Moumen, Christopher Chandler, Richard Cordaux, Clément Gilbert
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6157bfc572de4039851e393fe1360fe7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6157bfc572de4039851e393fe1360fe72021-12-02T16:06:52ZDiversity and evolution of sex determination systems in terrestrial isopods10.1038/s41598-017-01195-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/6157bfc572de4039851e393fe1360fe72017-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01195-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Sex determination systems are highly variable in many taxa, sometimes even between closely related species. Yet the number and direction of transitions between these systems have seldom been characterized, and the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Here we generated transcriptomes for 19 species of terrestrial isopod crustaceans, many of which are infected by Wolbachia bacterial endosymbionts. Using 88 single-copy orthologous genes, we reconstructed a fully resolved and dated phylogeny of terrestrial isopods. An original approach involving crossings of sex-reversed individuals allowed us to characterize the heterogametic systems of five species (one XY/XX and four ZW/ZZ). Mapping of these and previously known heterogametic systems onto the terrestrial isopod phylogeny revealed between 3 and 13 transitions of sex determination systems during the evolution of these taxa, most frequently from female to male heterogamety. Our results support that WW individuals are viable in many species, suggesting sex chromosomes are at an incipient stage of their evolution. Together, these data are consistent with the hypothesis that nucleo-cytoplasmic conflicts generated by Wolbachia endosymbionts triggered recurrent turnovers of sex determination systems in terrestrial isopods. They further establish terrestrial isopods as a model to study evolutionary transitions in sex determination systems and pave the way to molecularly characterize these systems.Thomas BeckingIsabelle GiraudMaryline RaimondBouziane MoumenChristopher ChandlerRichard CordauxClément GilbertNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Thomas Becking Isabelle Giraud Maryline Raimond Bouziane Moumen Christopher Chandler Richard Cordaux Clément Gilbert Diversity and evolution of sex determination systems in terrestrial isopods
description	Abstract Sex determination systems are highly variable in many taxa, sometimes even between closely related species. Yet the number and direction of transitions between these systems have seldom been characterized, and the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Here we generated transcriptomes for 19 species of terrestrial isopod crustaceans, many of which are infected by Wolbachia bacterial endosymbionts. Using 88 single-copy orthologous genes, we reconstructed a fully resolved and dated phylogeny of terrestrial isopods. An original approach involving crossings of sex-reversed individuals allowed us to characterize the heterogametic systems of five species (one XY/XX and four ZW/ZZ). Mapping of these and previously known heterogametic systems onto the terrestrial isopod phylogeny revealed between 3 and 13 transitions of sex determination systems during the evolution of these taxa, most frequently from female to male heterogamety. Our results support that WW individuals are viable in many species, suggesting sex chromosomes are at an incipient stage of their evolution. Together, these data are consistent with the hypothesis that nucleo-cytoplasmic conflicts generated by Wolbachia endosymbionts triggered recurrent turnovers of sex determination systems in terrestrial isopods. They further establish terrestrial isopods as a model to study evolutionary transitions in sex determination systems and pave the way to molecularly characterize these systems.
format	article
author	Thomas Becking Isabelle Giraud Maryline Raimond Bouziane Moumen Christopher Chandler Richard Cordaux Clément Gilbert
author_facet	Thomas Becking Isabelle Giraud Maryline Raimond Bouziane Moumen Christopher Chandler Richard Cordaux Clément Gilbert
author_sort	Thomas Becking
title	Diversity and evolution of sex determination systems in terrestrial isopods
title_short	Diversity and evolution of sex determination systems in terrestrial isopods
title_full	Diversity and evolution of sex determination systems in terrestrial isopods
title_fullStr	Diversity and evolution of sex determination systems in terrestrial isopods
title_full_unstemmed	Diversity and evolution of sex determination systems in terrestrial isopods
title_sort	diversity and evolution of sex determination systems in terrestrial isopods
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/6157bfc572de4039851e393fe1360fe7
work_keys_str_mv	AT thomasbecking diversityandevolutionofsexdeterminationsystemsinterrestrialisopods AT isabellegiraud diversityandevolutionofsexdeterminationsystemsinterrestrialisopods AT marylineraimond diversityandevolutionofsexdeterminationsystemsinterrestrialisopods AT bouzianemoumen diversityandevolutionofsexdeterminationsystemsinterrestrialisopods AT christopherchandler diversityandevolutionofsexdeterminationsystemsinterrestrialisopods AT richardcordaux diversityandevolutionofsexdeterminationsystemsinterrestrialisopods AT clementgilbert diversityandevolutionofsexdeterminationsystemsinterrestrialisopods
_version_	1718384844247924736

Diversity and evolution of sex determination systems in terrestrial isopods

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