Efficiencies of indigenous South African plant biofilters for urban stormwater runoff water quality improvement with a focus on nutrients and metals

In South Africa, urban activities contribute high levels of pollution to rivers and groundwater via stormwater runoff. In reducing urban stormwater loads of engineered plant biofiltration, an effective and self-sustaining component of green infrastructure is a treatment option. The country's ex...

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Autores principales:	D. M. Jacklin, I. C. Brink, S. M. Jacobs
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	green infrastructure metals pollution nutrients pollution plant biofilter urban stormwater runoff Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6179eae45a244f80aa0d7df2dbcabada
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6179eae45a244f80aa0d7df2dbcabada2021-11-05T17:19:44ZEfficiencies of indigenous South African plant biofilters for urban stormwater runoff water quality improvement with a focus on nutrients and metals2709-80282709-803610.2166/aqua.2021.187https://doaj.org/article/6179eae45a244f80aa0d7df2dbcabada2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://aqua.iwaponline.com/content/70/7/1094https://doaj.org/toc/2709-8028https://doaj.org/toc/2709-8036In South Africa, urban activities contribute high levels of pollution to rivers and groundwater via stormwater runoff. In reducing urban stormwater loads of engineered plant biofiltration, an effective and self-sustaining component of green infrastructure is a treatment option. The country's extensive natural biodiversity offers untapped potential of indigenous species' use in plant biofilters. This paper presents the findings of a plant biofilter column experiment, which investigated the performance of nine indigenous plant species under varied urban stormwater pollutant load strengths. Average significant loads of dissolved Cd (>98%), Cu (>84%), Pb (>99%) and Zn (>95%), as well as NH3-N (>93%), were removed by the plant biofilters, whereas the removal of -N (−37 to 79%) and -P (−81 to 63%) was more variable. Biofilters equipped with indigenous plant species were on average at least 11% more efficient than unvegetated soil in the removal of urban nutrient and metal pollutants. Over time, planted biofilters improved nutrient and metal removal efficiencies. The results support the inclusion of indigenous plants in biofilters within urban stormwater green infrastructure initiatives. Further research to inform plant biofilter design practicalities and assess plant biofilter performance in the field is warranted. HIGHLIGHTS This is the first study investigating nutrient and metal removal by indigenous South African plant species.; Assessment of low, typically observed and high strength pollutant load removal.; Consistently greater removal by vegetation as opposed to unvegetated soil.; -P and dissolved Cu removal influenced by compost.;D. M. JacklinI. C. BrinkS. M. JacobsIWA Publishingarticlegreen infrastructuremetals pollutionnutrients pollutionplant biofilterurban stormwater runoffEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENAqua, Vol 70, Iss 7, Pp 1094-1110 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	green infrastructure metals pollution nutrients pollution plant biofilter urban stormwater runoff Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	green infrastructure metals pollution nutrients pollution plant biofilter urban stormwater runoff Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 D. M. Jacklin I. C. Brink S. M. Jacobs Efficiencies of indigenous South African plant biofilters for urban stormwater runoff water quality improvement with a focus on nutrients and metals
description	In South Africa, urban activities contribute high levels of pollution to rivers and groundwater via stormwater runoff. In reducing urban stormwater loads of engineered plant biofiltration, an effective and self-sustaining component of green infrastructure is a treatment option. The country's extensive natural biodiversity offers untapped potential of indigenous species' use in plant biofilters. This paper presents the findings of a plant biofilter column experiment, which investigated the performance of nine indigenous plant species under varied urban stormwater pollutant load strengths. Average significant loads of dissolved Cd (>98%), Cu (>84%), Pb (>99%) and Zn (>95%), as well as NH3-N (>93%), were removed by the plant biofilters, whereas the removal of -N (−37 to 79%) and -P (−81 to 63%) was more variable. Biofilters equipped with indigenous plant species were on average at least 11% more efficient than unvegetated soil in the removal of urban nutrient and metal pollutants. Over time, planted biofilters improved nutrient and metal removal efficiencies. The results support the inclusion of indigenous plants in biofilters within urban stormwater green infrastructure initiatives. Further research to inform plant biofilter design practicalities and assess plant biofilter performance in the field is warranted. HIGHLIGHTS This is the first study investigating nutrient and metal removal by indigenous South African plant species.; Assessment of low, typically observed and high strength pollutant load removal.; Consistently greater removal by vegetation as opposed to unvegetated soil.; -P and dissolved Cu removal influenced by compost.;
format	article
author	D. M. Jacklin I. C. Brink S. M. Jacobs
author_facet	D. M. Jacklin I. C. Brink S. M. Jacobs
author_sort	D. M. Jacklin
title	Efficiencies of indigenous South African plant biofilters for urban stormwater runoff water quality improvement with a focus on nutrients and metals
title_short	Efficiencies of indigenous South African plant biofilters for urban stormwater runoff water quality improvement with a focus on nutrients and metals
title_full	Efficiencies of indigenous South African plant biofilters for urban stormwater runoff water quality improvement with a focus on nutrients and metals
title_fullStr	Efficiencies of indigenous South African plant biofilters for urban stormwater runoff water quality improvement with a focus on nutrients and metals
title_full_unstemmed	Efficiencies of indigenous South African plant biofilters for urban stormwater runoff water quality improvement with a focus on nutrients and metals
title_sort	efficiencies of indigenous south african plant biofilters for urban stormwater runoff water quality improvement with a focus on nutrients and metals
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6179eae45a244f80aa0d7df2dbcabada
work_keys_str_mv	AT dmjacklin efficienciesofindigenoussouthafricanplantbiofiltersforurbanstormwaterrunoffwaterqualityimprovementwithafocusonnutrientsandmetals AT icbrink efficienciesofindigenoussouthafricanplantbiofiltersforurbanstormwaterrunoffwaterqualityimprovementwithafocusonnutrientsandmetals AT smjacobs efficienciesofindigenoussouthafricanplantbiofiltersforurbanstormwaterrunoffwaterqualityimprovementwithafocusonnutrientsandmetals
_version_	1718444104159854592

Efficiencies of indigenous South African plant biofilters for urban stormwater runoff water quality improvement with a focus on nutrients and metals

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