Complex hierarchical microstructures of Cambrian mollusk Pelagiella: insight into early biomineralization and evolution

Abstract Shell microstructure and mineralogy of Pelagiella madianensis Zhou & Xiao, 1984, a globally distributed Cambrian micromollusk, are investigated based on abundant and extraordinarily well-preserved specimens from Xinji Formation, Longxian, Shaanxi, North China. Five types of aragonitic m...

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Autores principales:	Luoyang Li, Xingliang Zhang, Hao Yun, Guoxiang Li
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6192c224af994ea1a144ac6f9c077225
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6192c224af994ea1a144ac6f9c0772252021-12-02T12:32:45ZComplex hierarchical microstructures of Cambrian mollusk Pelagiella: insight into early biomineralization and evolution10.1038/s41598-017-02235-92045-2322https://doaj.org/article/6192c224af994ea1a144ac6f9c0772252017-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-02235-9https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Shell microstructure and mineralogy of Pelagiella madianensis Zhou & Xiao, 1984, a globally distributed Cambrian micromollusk, are investigated based on abundant and extraordinarily well-preserved specimens from Xinji Formation, Longxian, Shaanxi, North China. Five types of aragonitic microstructures have been recognized. The lamello-fibrillar microstructure, previously known from Pelagiella, constructs the outermost shell layer, while the remaining four types are reported here for the first time in this genus. They include fibrous foliated, foliated aragonite, crossed foliated lamellar and isolated tablets. The animal constructs these five types of microstructures to build its shell in a complex hierarchical pattern with four orders: crystallite columns, laths, folia and lamellae. These findings demonstrate that the capability of building complex shell microstructures had already evolved by the Cambrian explosion. In addition, this work shows that early aragonitic shells were constructed with fibers, laths, folia and isolated tablets, indicating increased controls over biomineralization by the animal.Luoyang LiXingliang ZhangHao YunGuoxiang LiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Luoyang Li Xingliang Zhang Hao Yun Guoxiang Li Complex hierarchical microstructures of Cambrian mollusk Pelagiella: insight into early biomineralization and evolution
description	Abstract Shell microstructure and mineralogy of Pelagiella madianensis Zhou & Xiao, 1984, a globally distributed Cambrian micromollusk, are investigated based on abundant and extraordinarily well-preserved specimens from Xinji Formation, Longxian, Shaanxi, North China. Five types of aragonitic microstructures have been recognized. The lamello-fibrillar microstructure, previously known from Pelagiella, constructs the outermost shell layer, while the remaining four types are reported here for the first time in this genus. They include fibrous foliated, foliated aragonite, crossed foliated lamellar and isolated tablets. The animal constructs these five types of microstructures to build its shell in a complex hierarchical pattern with four orders: crystallite columns, laths, folia and lamellae. These findings demonstrate that the capability of building complex shell microstructures had already evolved by the Cambrian explosion. In addition, this work shows that early aragonitic shells were constructed with fibers, laths, folia and isolated tablets, indicating increased controls over biomineralization by the animal.
format	article
author	Luoyang Li Xingliang Zhang Hao Yun Guoxiang Li
author_facet	Luoyang Li Xingliang Zhang Hao Yun Guoxiang Li
author_sort	Luoyang Li
title	Complex hierarchical microstructures of Cambrian mollusk Pelagiella: insight into early biomineralization and evolution
title_short	Complex hierarchical microstructures of Cambrian mollusk Pelagiella: insight into early biomineralization and evolution
title_full	Complex hierarchical microstructures of Cambrian mollusk Pelagiella: insight into early biomineralization and evolution
title_fullStr	Complex hierarchical microstructures of Cambrian mollusk Pelagiella: insight into early biomineralization and evolution
title_full_unstemmed	Complex hierarchical microstructures of Cambrian mollusk Pelagiella: insight into early biomineralization and evolution
title_sort	complex hierarchical microstructures of cambrian mollusk pelagiella: insight into early biomineralization and evolution
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/6192c224af994ea1a144ac6f9c077225
work_keys_str_mv	AT luoyangli complexhierarchicalmicrostructuresofcambrianmolluskpelagiellainsightintoearlybiomineralizationandevolution AT xingliangzhang complexhierarchicalmicrostructuresofcambrianmolluskpelagiellainsightintoearlybiomineralizationandevolution AT haoyun complexhierarchicalmicrostructuresofcambrianmolluskpelagiellainsightintoearlybiomineralizationandevolution AT guoxiangli complexhierarchicalmicrostructuresofcambrianmolluskpelagiellainsightintoearlybiomineralizationandevolution
_version_	1718393981198401536

Complex hierarchical microstructures of Cambrian mollusk Pelagiella: insight into early biomineralization and evolution

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