New Horizons in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Treatment: A Review of Current and Future Therapeutic Options

Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are aggressive diseases characterized by clonal proliferation of myeloid stem cells. The clonal process leads to excessive red cells production, platelets production, and bone marrow fibrosis. According to the phenotype, MPN can be classified...

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Autor principal:	Domenico Penna
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	essential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis myeloproliferative neoplasms Polycythemia vera treatment Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/61c8db4b2543475f9aad70a2daa5087c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:61c8db4b2543475f9aad70a2daa5087c2021-11-25T18:18:22ZNew Horizons in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Treatment: A Review of Current and Future Therapeutic Options10.3390/medicina571111811648-91441010-660Xhttps://doaj.org/article/61c8db4b2543475f9aad70a2daa5087c2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/11/1181https://doaj.org/toc/1010-660Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1648-9144Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are aggressive diseases characterized by clonal proliferation of myeloid stem cells. The clonal process leads to excessive red cells production, platelets production, and bone marrow fibrosis. According to the phenotype, MPN can be classified as polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). MPN patients have shortened survival due to the increased risk of thrombosis, hemorrhages, and transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Prognosis is variable, with a shorter life expectancy in myelofibrosis. Currently, drug therapy can reduce symptoms, splenomegaly, and risk of thrombosis. Still, some patients can be resistant or intolerant to the treatment. At the same time, allogeneic stem cell transplant (ASCT) is the only treatment modality with the potential to cure the disease. Nevertheless, the ASCT is reserved for high-risk leukemic progression patients due to the risk of treatment-related death and comorbidity. Therefore, there is a need for new drugs that can eradicate clonal hematopoiesis and prevent progression to more aggressive myeloid neoplasms. Thanks to the better understanding of the disease’s molecular pathogenesis, many new potentially disease-modifying drugs have been developed and are currently in clinical trials. This review explores the most promising new drugs currently in clinical trials.Domenico PennaMDPI AGarticleessential thrombocythemiamyelofibrosismyeloproliferative neoplasmsPolycythemia veratreatmentMedicine (General)R5-920ENMedicina, Vol 57, Iss 1181, p 1181 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	essential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis myeloproliferative neoplasms Polycythemia vera treatment Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	essential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis myeloproliferative neoplasms Polycythemia vera treatment Medicine (General) R5-920 Domenico Penna New Horizons in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Treatment: A Review of Current and Future Therapeutic Options
description	Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are aggressive diseases characterized by clonal proliferation of myeloid stem cells. The clonal process leads to excessive red cells production, platelets production, and bone marrow fibrosis. According to the phenotype, MPN can be classified as polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). MPN patients have shortened survival due to the increased risk of thrombosis, hemorrhages, and transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Prognosis is variable, with a shorter life expectancy in myelofibrosis. Currently, drug therapy can reduce symptoms, splenomegaly, and risk of thrombosis. Still, some patients can be resistant or intolerant to the treatment. At the same time, allogeneic stem cell transplant (ASCT) is the only treatment modality with the potential to cure the disease. Nevertheless, the ASCT is reserved for high-risk leukemic progression patients due to the risk of treatment-related death and comorbidity. Therefore, there is a need for new drugs that can eradicate clonal hematopoiesis and prevent progression to more aggressive myeloid neoplasms. Thanks to the better understanding of the disease’s molecular pathogenesis, many new potentially disease-modifying drugs have been developed and are currently in clinical trials. This review explores the most promising new drugs currently in clinical trials.
format	article
author	Domenico Penna
author_facet	Domenico Penna
author_sort	Domenico Penna
title	New Horizons in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Treatment: A Review of Current and Future Therapeutic Options
title_short	New Horizons in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Treatment: A Review of Current and Future Therapeutic Options
title_full	New Horizons in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Treatment: A Review of Current and Future Therapeutic Options
title_fullStr	New Horizons in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Treatment: A Review of Current and Future Therapeutic Options
title_full_unstemmed	New Horizons in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Treatment: A Review of Current and Future Therapeutic Options
title_sort	new horizons in myeloproliferative neoplasms treatment: a review of current and future therapeutic options
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/61c8db4b2543475f9aad70a2daa5087c
work_keys_str_mv	AT domenicopenna newhorizonsinmyeloproliferativeneoplasmstreatmentareviewofcurrentandfuturetherapeuticoptions
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New Horizons in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Treatment: A Review of Current and Future Therapeutic Options

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