Valuation of Pumped Storage in Capacity Expansion Planning—A South African Case Study

According to South Africa’s national energy policy, network penetration of variable renewable energy (VRE) generation will significantly increase by 2030. Increased associated network uncertainty creates the need for an additional flexible generation. As the planned VRE is mostly non-synchronous PV...

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Autores principales:	Caroline van Dongen, Bernard Bekker, Amaris Dalton
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	pumped storage ancillary services variable renewable energy gas turbine flexible generation Technology T
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6230d83245f54274a50baa1cd39d4c81
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6230d83245f54274a50baa1cd39d4c812021-11-11T15:48:59ZValuation of Pumped Storage in Capacity Expansion Planning—A South African Case Study10.3390/en142169991996-1073https://doaj.org/article/6230d83245f54274a50baa1cd39d4c812021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/21/6999https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073According to South Africa’s national energy policy, network penetration of variable renewable energy (VRE) generation will significantly increase by 2030. Increased associated network uncertainty creates the need for an additional flexible generation. As the planned VRE is mostly non-synchronous PV and wind generators, additional ancillary services will also be required. Pumped Storage (PS), which is a well-established flexible generation technology with fast ramping capability and the ability to contribute various ancillary services, could help integrate increased VRE penetration on the South African network. However, in the latest revision of South Africa’s energy policy, PS was left out in favor of gas turbines and batteries as favored flexible generation options. This paper explores the two-part hypothesis that PS was disadvantaged in the formulation of a national energy mix due to: (a) ancillary services provided by PS not being explicitly monetized in energy modeling software; (b) the uncertainties associated with project costing assumptions. The value of PS in terms of providing ancillary services is firstly explored using the international literature. Secondly, the impact of input-cost uncertainties is demonstrated by comparing pumped storage, gas turbines, and batteries using levelized cost of energy (LCOE) curves and the Tools for Energy Model Optimization and Analysis (Temoa), North Carolina State University, USA, optimization software. Based on LCOE calculations using revised cost assumptions, it is found that PS may indeed be preferential to gas turbines or batteries, particularly at large load factors. The authors hope that this research contributes to the scientific understanding of the role that PS can play in supporting the integration of generation from renewable sources for effective grid operations.Caroline van DongenBernard BekkerAmaris DaltonMDPI AGarticlepumped storageancillary servicesvariable renewable energygas turbineflexible generationTechnologyTENEnergies, Vol 14, Iss 6999, p 6999 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	pumped storage ancillary services variable renewable energy gas turbine flexible generation Technology T
spellingShingle	pumped storage ancillary services variable renewable energy gas turbine flexible generation Technology T Caroline van Dongen Bernard Bekker Amaris Dalton Valuation of Pumped Storage in Capacity Expansion Planning—A South African Case Study
description	According to South Africa’s national energy policy, network penetration of variable renewable energy (VRE) generation will significantly increase by 2030. Increased associated network uncertainty creates the need for an additional flexible generation. As the planned VRE is mostly non-synchronous PV and wind generators, additional ancillary services will also be required. Pumped Storage (PS), which is a well-established flexible generation technology with fast ramping capability and the ability to contribute various ancillary services, could help integrate increased VRE penetration on the South African network. However, in the latest revision of South Africa’s energy policy, PS was left out in favor of gas turbines and batteries as favored flexible generation options. This paper explores the two-part hypothesis that PS was disadvantaged in the formulation of a national energy mix due to: (a) ancillary services provided by PS not being explicitly monetized in energy modeling software; (b) the uncertainties associated with project costing assumptions. The value of PS in terms of providing ancillary services is firstly explored using the international literature. Secondly, the impact of input-cost uncertainties is demonstrated by comparing pumped storage, gas turbines, and batteries using levelized cost of energy (LCOE) curves and the Tools for Energy Model Optimization and Analysis (Temoa), North Carolina State University, USA, optimization software. Based on LCOE calculations using revised cost assumptions, it is found that PS may indeed be preferential to gas turbines or batteries, particularly at large load factors. The authors hope that this research contributes to the scientific understanding of the role that PS can play in supporting the integration of generation from renewable sources for effective grid operations.
format	article
author	Caroline van Dongen Bernard Bekker Amaris Dalton
author_facet	Caroline van Dongen Bernard Bekker Amaris Dalton
author_sort	Caroline van Dongen
title	Valuation of Pumped Storage in Capacity Expansion Planning—A South African Case Study
title_short	Valuation of Pumped Storage in Capacity Expansion Planning—A South African Case Study
title_full	Valuation of Pumped Storage in Capacity Expansion Planning—A South African Case Study
title_fullStr	Valuation of Pumped Storage in Capacity Expansion Planning—A South African Case Study
title_full_unstemmed	Valuation of Pumped Storage in Capacity Expansion Planning—A South African Case Study
title_sort	valuation of pumped storage in capacity expansion planning—a south african case study
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6230d83245f54274a50baa1cd39d4c81
work_keys_str_mv	AT carolinevandongen valuationofpumpedstorageincapacityexpansionplanningasouthafricancasestudy AT bernardbekker valuationofpumpedstorageincapacityexpansionplanningasouthafricancasestudy AT amarisdalton valuationofpumpedstorageincapacityexpansionplanningasouthafricancasestudy
_version_	1718433764902699008

Valuation of Pumped Storage in Capacity Expansion Planning—A South African Case Study

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