Changes in Blood Biomarkers of Angiogenesis and Immune Modulation after Radiation Therapy and Their Association with Outcomes in Thoracic Malignancies
The effects of radiotherapy on systemic immunity remain to be fully characterized in a disease-specific manner. The aim of the study was to examine potential biomarkers of systemic immunomodulation when using radiotherapy for thoracic malignancies. Serial blood samples were collected from 56 patient...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:6247631eac80406790b793b1a65fd9b02021-11-25T17:03:18ZChanges in Blood Biomarkers of Angiogenesis and Immune Modulation after Radiation Therapy and Their Association with Outcomes in Thoracic Malignancies10.3390/cancers132257252072-6694https://doaj.org/article/6247631eac80406790b793b1a65fd9b02021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/22/5725https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694The effects of radiotherapy on systemic immunity remain to be fully characterized in a disease-specific manner. The aim of the study was to examine potential biomarkers of systemic immunomodulation when using radiotherapy for thoracic malignancies. Serial blood samples were collected from 56 patients with thoracic malignancies prior (RTbaseline), during (RTduring) and at the end of radiotherapy (RTend), as well as at the first (FU1) and second follow-up (FU2). The changes in serum levels of IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, bFGF, sFlt-1, PlGF, VEGF, VEGF-C, VEGF-D and HGF were measured by multiplexed array and tested for associations with clinical outcomes. We observed an increase in the levels of IL-10, IFN-γ, PlGF and VEGF-D and a decrease in those of IL-8, VEGF, VEGF-C and sFlt-1 during and at the end of radiotherapy. Furthermore, baseline concentration of TNF-α significantly correlated with OS. IL-6 level at RTend and FU1,2 correlated with OS (RTend: <i>p</i> = 0.039, HR: 1.041, 95% CI: 1.002–1.082, FU1: <i>p</i> = 0.001, HR: 1.139, 95% CI: 1.056–1.228, FU2: <i>p</i> = 0.017, HR: 1.101 95% CI: 1.018–1.192), while IL-8 level correlated with OS at RTduring and RTend (RTduring: <i>p</i> = 0.017, HR: 1.014, 95% CI: 1.002–1.026, RTend: <i>p</i> = 0.004, HR: 1.007, 95% CI: 1.061–1.686). In conclusion, serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 are potential biomarkers of response to radiotherapy. Given the recent implementation of immunotherapy in lung and esophageal cancer, these putative blood biomarkers should be further validated and evaluated in the combination or sequential therapy setting.Eleni GkikaSonja AdebahrAnton BrennerTanja Schimek-JaschGianluca RadicioniJan-Philipp ExnerAlexander RühleSimon K. B. SpohnIlinca PoppConstantinos ZamboglouTanja SpraveElke FiratGabriele NiedermannNils Henrik NicolayUrsula NestleAnca-Ligia GrosuDan G. DudaMDPI AGarticleradiotherapyimmune modulationlung canceresophageal cancerNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENCancers, Vol 13, Iss 5725, p 5725 (2021) |
| institution |
DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
radiotherapy immune modulation lung cancer esophageal cancer Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 |
| spellingShingle |
radiotherapy immune modulation lung cancer esophageal cancer Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Eleni Gkika Sonja Adebahr Anton Brenner Tanja Schimek-Jasch Gianluca Radicioni Jan-Philipp Exner Alexander Rühle Simon K. B. Spohn Ilinca Popp Constantinos Zamboglou Tanja Sprave Elke Firat Gabriele Niedermann Nils Henrik Nicolay Ursula Nestle Anca-Ligia Grosu Dan G. Duda Changes in Blood Biomarkers of Angiogenesis and Immune Modulation after Radiation Therapy and Their Association with Outcomes in Thoracic Malignancies |
| description |
The effects of radiotherapy on systemic immunity remain to be fully characterized in a disease-specific manner. The aim of the study was to examine potential biomarkers of systemic immunomodulation when using radiotherapy for thoracic malignancies. Serial blood samples were collected from 56 patients with thoracic malignancies prior (RTbaseline), during (RTduring) and at the end of radiotherapy (RTend), as well as at the first (FU1) and second follow-up (FU2). The changes in serum levels of IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, bFGF, sFlt-1, PlGF, VEGF, VEGF-C, VEGF-D and HGF were measured by multiplexed array and tested for associations with clinical outcomes. We observed an increase in the levels of IL-10, IFN-γ, PlGF and VEGF-D and a decrease in those of IL-8, VEGF, VEGF-C and sFlt-1 during and at the end of radiotherapy. Furthermore, baseline concentration of TNF-α significantly correlated with OS. IL-6 level at RTend and FU1,2 correlated with OS (RTend: <i>p</i> = 0.039, HR: 1.041, 95% CI: 1.002–1.082, FU1: <i>p</i> = 0.001, HR: 1.139, 95% CI: 1.056–1.228, FU2: <i>p</i> = 0.017, HR: 1.101 95% CI: 1.018–1.192), while IL-8 level correlated with OS at RTduring and RTend (RTduring: <i>p</i> = 0.017, HR: 1.014, 95% CI: 1.002–1.026, RTend: <i>p</i> = 0.004, HR: 1.007, 95% CI: 1.061–1.686). In conclusion, serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 are potential biomarkers of response to radiotherapy. Given the recent implementation of immunotherapy in lung and esophageal cancer, these putative blood biomarkers should be further validated and evaluated in the combination or sequential therapy setting. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Eleni Gkika Sonja Adebahr Anton Brenner Tanja Schimek-Jasch Gianluca Radicioni Jan-Philipp Exner Alexander Rühle Simon K. B. Spohn Ilinca Popp Constantinos Zamboglou Tanja Sprave Elke Firat Gabriele Niedermann Nils Henrik Nicolay Ursula Nestle Anca-Ligia Grosu Dan G. Duda |
| author_facet |
Eleni Gkika Sonja Adebahr Anton Brenner Tanja Schimek-Jasch Gianluca Radicioni Jan-Philipp Exner Alexander Rühle Simon K. B. Spohn Ilinca Popp Constantinos Zamboglou Tanja Sprave Elke Firat Gabriele Niedermann Nils Henrik Nicolay Ursula Nestle Anca-Ligia Grosu Dan G. Duda |
| author_sort |
Eleni Gkika |
| title |
Changes in Blood Biomarkers of Angiogenesis and Immune Modulation after Radiation Therapy and Their Association with Outcomes in Thoracic Malignancies |
| title_short |
Changes in Blood Biomarkers of Angiogenesis and Immune Modulation after Radiation Therapy and Their Association with Outcomes in Thoracic Malignancies |
| title_full |
Changes in Blood Biomarkers of Angiogenesis and Immune Modulation after Radiation Therapy and Their Association with Outcomes in Thoracic Malignancies |
| title_fullStr |
Changes in Blood Biomarkers of Angiogenesis and Immune Modulation after Radiation Therapy and Their Association with Outcomes in Thoracic Malignancies |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Changes in Blood Biomarkers of Angiogenesis and Immune Modulation after Radiation Therapy and Their Association with Outcomes in Thoracic Malignancies |
| title_sort |
changes in blood biomarkers of angiogenesis and immune modulation after radiation therapy and their association with outcomes in thoracic malignancies |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/6247631eac80406790b793b1a65fd9b0 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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1718412778293690368 |