Calibration of Low-Cost NO<sub>2</sub> Sensors through Environmental Factor Correction

Low-cost air quality sensors (LCSs) have become more widespread due to their low cost and increased capabilities; however, to supplement more traditional air quality networks, the performance of these LCSs needs to be validated. This study focused on NO<sub>2</sub> measurements from eigh...

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Autores principales:	Jason A. Miech, Levi Stanton, Meiling Gao, Paolo Micalizzi, Joshua Uebelherr, Pierre Herckes, Matthew P. Fraser
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	nitrogen dioxide low-cost sensors ozone air quality Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/62b2902fb3e24eb8b64c3f52c60be69b
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:62b2902fb3e24eb8b64c3f52c60be69b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:62b2902fb3e24eb8b64c3f52c60be69b2021-11-25T19:08:02ZCalibration of Low-Cost NO<sub>2</sub> Sensors through Environmental Factor Correction10.3390/toxics91102812305-6304https://doaj.org/article/62b2902fb3e24eb8b64c3f52c60be69b2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/11/281https://doaj.org/toc/2305-6304Low-cost air quality sensors (LCSs) have become more widespread due to their low cost and increased capabilities; however, to supplement more traditional air quality networks, the performance of these LCSs needs to be validated. This study focused on NO<sub>2</sub> measurements from eight Clarity Node-S sensors and used various environmental factors to calibrate the LCSs. To validate the calibration performance, we calculated the root-mean-square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), R<sup>2</sup>, and slope compared to reference measurements. Raw results from six of these sensors were comparable to those reported for other NO<sub>2</sub> LCSs; however, two of the evaluated LCSs had RMSE values ~20 ppb higher than the other six LCSs. By applying a sensor-specific calibration that corrects for relative humidity, temperature, and ozone, this discrepancy was mitigated. In addition, this calibration improved the RMSE, MAE, R<sup>2</sup>, and slope of all eight LCS compared to the raw data. It should be noted that relatively stable environmental conditions over the course of the LCS deployment period benefited calibration performance over time. These results demonstrate the importance of developing LCS calibration models for individual sensors that consider pertinent environmental factors.Jason A. MiechLevi StantonMeiling GaoPaolo MicalizziJoshua UebelherrPierre HerckesMatthew P. FraserMDPI AGarticlenitrogen dioxidelow-cost sensorsozoneair qualityChemical technologyTP1-1185ENToxics, Vol 9, Iss 281, p 281 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	nitrogen dioxide low-cost sensors ozone air quality Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	nitrogen dioxide low-cost sensors ozone air quality Chemical technology TP1-1185 Jason A. Miech Levi Stanton Meiling Gao Paolo Micalizzi Joshua Uebelherr Pierre Herckes Matthew P. Fraser Calibration of Low-Cost NO<sub>2</sub> Sensors through Environmental Factor Correction
description	Low-cost air quality sensors (LCSs) have become more widespread due to their low cost and increased capabilities; however, to supplement more traditional air quality networks, the performance of these LCSs needs to be validated. This study focused on NO<sub>2</sub> measurements from eight Clarity Node-S sensors and used various environmental factors to calibrate the LCSs. To validate the calibration performance, we calculated the root-mean-square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), R<sup>2</sup>, and slope compared to reference measurements. Raw results from six of these sensors were comparable to those reported for other NO<sub>2</sub> LCSs; however, two of the evaluated LCSs had RMSE values ~20 ppb higher than the other six LCSs. By applying a sensor-specific calibration that corrects for relative humidity, temperature, and ozone, this discrepancy was mitigated. In addition, this calibration improved the RMSE, MAE, R<sup>2</sup>, and slope of all eight LCS compared to the raw data. It should be noted that relatively stable environmental conditions over the course of the LCS deployment period benefited calibration performance over time. These results demonstrate the importance of developing LCS calibration models for individual sensors that consider pertinent environmental factors.
format	article
author	Jason A. Miech Levi Stanton Meiling Gao Paolo Micalizzi Joshua Uebelherr Pierre Herckes Matthew P. Fraser
author_facet	Jason A. Miech Levi Stanton Meiling Gao Paolo Micalizzi Joshua Uebelherr Pierre Herckes Matthew P. Fraser
author_sort	Jason A. Miech
title	Calibration of Low-Cost NO<sub>2</sub> Sensors through Environmental Factor Correction
title_short	Calibration of Low-Cost NO<sub>2</sub> Sensors through Environmental Factor Correction
title_full	Calibration of Low-Cost NO<sub>2</sub> Sensors through Environmental Factor Correction
title_fullStr	Calibration of Low-Cost NO<sub>2</sub> Sensors through Environmental Factor Correction
title_full_unstemmed	Calibration of Low-Cost NO<sub>2</sub> Sensors through Environmental Factor Correction
title_sort	calibration of low-cost no<sub>2</sub> sensors through environmental factor correction
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/62b2902fb3e24eb8b64c3f52c60be69b
work_keys_str_mv	AT jasonamiech calibrationoflowcostnosub2subsensorsthroughenvironmentalfactorcorrection AT levistanton calibrationoflowcostnosub2subsensorsthroughenvironmentalfactorcorrection AT meilinggao calibrationoflowcostnosub2subsensorsthroughenvironmentalfactorcorrection AT paolomicalizzi calibrationoflowcostnosub2subsensorsthroughenvironmentalfactorcorrection AT joshuauebelherr calibrationoflowcostnosub2subsensorsthroughenvironmentalfactorcorrection AT pierreherckes calibrationoflowcostnosub2subsensorsthroughenvironmentalfactorcorrection AT matthewpfraser calibrationoflowcostnosub2subsensorsthroughenvironmentalfactorcorrection
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Calibration of Low-Cost NO<sub>2</sub> Sensors through Environmental Factor Correction

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