An in vivo examination of the differences between rapid cardiovascular collapse and prolonged hypotension induced by snake venom

Abstract We investigated the cardiovascular effects of venoms from seven medically important species of snakes: Australian Eastern Brown snake (Pseudonaja textilis), Sri Lankan Russell’s viper (Daboia russelii), Javanese Russell’s viper (D. siamensis), Gaboon viper (Bitis gabonica), Uracoan rattlesn...

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Autores principales:	Rahini Kakumanu, Barbara K. Kemp-Harper, Anjana Silva, Sanjaya Kuruppu, Geoffrey K. Isbister, Wayne C. Hodgson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2019
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/62c71bbb11a44b8c95b46b8594d05d7d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:62c71bbb11a44b8c95b46b8594d05d7d2021-12-02T13:35:02ZAn in vivo examination of the differences between rapid cardiovascular collapse and prolonged hypotension induced by snake venom10.1038/s41598-019-56643-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/62c71bbb11a44b8c95b46b8594d05d7d2019-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56643-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract We investigated the cardiovascular effects of venoms from seven medically important species of snakes: Australian Eastern Brown snake (Pseudonaja textilis), Sri Lankan Russell’s viper (Daboia russelii), Javanese Russell’s viper (D. siamensis), Gaboon viper (Bitis gabonica), Uracoan rattlesnake (Crotalus vegrandis), Carpet viper (Echis ocellatus) and Puff adder (Bitis arietans), and identified two distinct patterns of effects: i.e. rapid cardiovascular collapse and prolonged hypotension. P. textilis (5 µg/kg, i.v.) and E. ocellatus (50 µg/kg, i.v.) venoms induced rapid (i.e. within 2 min) cardiovascular collapse in anaesthetised rats. P. textilis (20 mg/kg, i.m.) caused collapse within 10 min. D. russelii (100 µg/kg, i.v.) and D. siamensis (100 µg/kg, i.v.) venoms caused ‘prolonged hypotension’, characterised by a persistent decrease in blood pressure with recovery. D. russelii venom (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, i.m.) also caused prolonged hypotension. A priming dose of P. textilis venom (2 µg/kg, i.v.) prevented collapse by E. ocellatus venom (50 µg/kg, i.v.), but had no significant effect on subsequent addition of D. russelii venom (1 mg/kg, i.v). Two priming doses (1 µg/kg, i.v.) of E. ocellatus venom prevented collapse by E. ocellatus venom (50 µg/kg, i.v.). B. gabonica, C. vegrandis and B. arietans (all at 200 µg/kg, i.v.) induced mild transient hypotension. Artificial respiration prevented D. russelii venom induced prolonged hypotension but not rapid cardiovascular collapse from E. ocellatus venom. D. russelii venom (0.001–1 μg/ml) caused concentration-dependent relaxation (EC50 = 82.2 ± 15.3 ng/ml, Rmax = 91 ± 1%) in pre-contracted mesenteric arteries. In contrast, E. ocellatus venom (1 µg/ml) only produced a maximum relaxant effect of 27 ± 14%, suggesting that rapid cardiovascular collapse is unlikely to be due to peripheral vasodilation. The prevention of rapid cardiovascular collapse, by ‘priming’ doses of venom, supports a role for depletable endogenous mediators in this phenomenon.Rahini KakumanuBarbara K. Kemp-HarperAnjana SilvaSanjaya KuruppuGeoffrey K. IsbisterWayne C. HodgsonNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Rahini Kakumanu Barbara K. Kemp-Harper Anjana Silva Sanjaya Kuruppu Geoffrey K. Isbister Wayne C. Hodgson An in vivo examination of the differences between rapid cardiovascular collapse and prolonged hypotension induced by snake venom
description	Abstract We investigated the cardiovascular effects of venoms from seven medically important species of snakes: Australian Eastern Brown snake (Pseudonaja textilis), Sri Lankan Russell’s viper (Daboia russelii), Javanese Russell’s viper (D. siamensis), Gaboon viper (Bitis gabonica), Uracoan rattlesnake (Crotalus vegrandis), Carpet viper (Echis ocellatus) and Puff adder (Bitis arietans), and identified two distinct patterns of effects: i.e. rapid cardiovascular collapse and prolonged hypotension. P. textilis (5 µg/kg, i.v.) and E. ocellatus (50 µg/kg, i.v.) venoms induced rapid (i.e. within 2 min) cardiovascular collapse in anaesthetised rats. P. textilis (20 mg/kg, i.m.) caused collapse within 10 min. D. russelii (100 µg/kg, i.v.) and D. siamensis (100 µg/kg, i.v.) venoms caused ‘prolonged hypotension’, characterised by a persistent decrease in blood pressure with recovery. D. russelii venom (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, i.m.) also caused prolonged hypotension. A priming dose of P. textilis venom (2 µg/kg, i.v.) prevented collapse by E. ocellatus venom (50 µg/kg, i.v.), but had no significant effect on subsequent addition of D. russelii venom (1 mg/kg, i.v). Two priming doses (1 µg/kg, i.v.) of E. ocellatus venom prevented collapse by E. ocellatus venom (50 µg/kg, i.v.). B. gabonica, C. vegrandis and B. arietans (all at 200 µg/kg, i.v.) induced mild transient hypotension. Artificial respiration prevented D. russelii venom induced prolonged hypotension but not rapid cardiovascular collapse from E. ocellatus venom. D. russelii venom (0.001–1 μg/ml) caused concentration-dependent relaxation (EC50 = 82.2 ± 15.3 ng/ml, Rmax = 91 ± 1%) in pre-contracted mesenteric arteries. In contrast, E. ocellatus venom (1 µg/ml) only produced a maximum relaxant effect of 27 ± 14%, suggesting that rapid cardiovascular collapse is unlikely to be due to peripheral vasodilation. The prevention of rapid cardiovascular collapse, by ‘priming’ doses of venom, supports a role for depletable endogenous mediators in this phenomenon.
format	article
author	Rahini Kakumanu Barbara K. Kemp-Harper Anjana Silva Sanjaya Kuruppu Geoffrey K. Isbister Wayne C. Hodgson
author_facet	Rahini Kakumanu Barbara K. Kemp-Harper Anjana Silva Sanjaya Kuruppu Geoffrey K. Isbister Wayne C. Hodgson
author_sort	Rahini Kakumanu
title	An in vivo examination of the differences between rapid cardiovascular collapse and prolonged hypotension induced by snake venom
title_short	An in vivo examination of the differences between rapid cardiovascular collapse and prolonged hypotension induced by snake venom
title_full	An in vivo examination of the differences between rapid cardiovascular collapse and prolonged hypotension induced by snake venom
title_fullStr	An in vivo examination of the differences between rapid cardiovascular collapse and prolonged hypotension induced by snake venom
title_full_unstemmed	An in vivo examination of the differences between rapid cardiovascular collapse and prolonged hypotension induced by snake venom
title_sort	in vivo examination of the differences between rapid cardiovascular collapse and prolonged hypotension induced by snake venom
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/62c71bbb11a44b8c95b46b8594d05d7d
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An in vivo examination of the differences between rapid cardiovascular collapse and prolonged hypotension induced by snake venom

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