Relationship between Residential Segregation, Later-Life Cognition, and Incident Dementia across Race/Ethnicity

Systemic racism leads to racial/ethnic residential segregation, which can result in health inequities. We examined if the associations between residential segregation and later-life cognition and dementia differed based on segregation measure and by participant race/ethnicity. Tests of memory (<i...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Daniel J. Pohl, Dominika Seblova, Justina F. Avila, Karen A. Dorsman, Erin R. Kulick, Joan A. Casey, Jennifer Manly
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	racial/ethnic residential segregation health inequity cognition structural racism Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6317fd80aaad4cee8acbe849994ed330
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:6317fd80aaad4cee8acbe849994ed330
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6317fd80aaad4cee8acbe849994ed3302021-11-11T16:23:05ZRelationship between Residential Segregation, Later-Life Cognition, and Incident Dementia across Race/Ethnicity10.3390/ijerph1821112331660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/6317fd80aaad4cee8acbe849994ed3302021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/21/11233https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601Systemic racism leads to racial/ethnic residential segregation, which can result in health inequities. We examined if the associations between residential segregation and later-life cognition and dementia differed based on segregation measure and by participant race/ethnicity. Tests of memory (<i>n</i> = 4616), language (<i>n</i> = 4333), visuospatial abilities (<i>n</i> = 4557), and incident dementia (<i>n</i> = 4556) were analyzed in older residents of Northern Manhattan, New York (mean age: 75.7 years). Segregation was measured at the block group-level using three indices: dissimilarity, isolation, and interaction. We fit multilevel linear or Cox proportional hazards models and included a race/ethnicity × segregation term to test for differential associations, adjusting for socioeconomic and health factors. Living in block groups with higher proportions of minoritized people was associated with −0.05 SD lower language scores. Living in block groups with higher potential contact between racial/ethnic groups was associated with 0.06–0.1 SD higher language scores. The findings were less pronounced for other cognitive domains and for incident dementia. Non-Hispanic Black adults were most likely to experience negative effects of neighborhood segregation on cognition (language and memory) and dementia. All indices partly capture downstream effects of structural racism (i.e., unequal distributions of wealth/resources) on cognition. Therefore, desegregation and equitable access to resources have the potential to improve later-life cognitive health.Daniel J. PohlDominika SeblovaJustina F. AvilaKaren A. DorsmanErin R. KulickJoan A. CaseyJennifer ManlyMDPI AGarticleracial/ethnic residential segregationhealth inequitycognitionstructural racismMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11233, p 11233 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	racial/ethnic residential segregation health inequity cognition structural racism Medicine R
spellingShingle	racial/ethnic residential segregation health inequity cognition structural racism Medicine R Daniel J. Pohl Dominika Seblova Justina F. Avila Karen A. Dorsman Erin R. Kulick Joan A. Casey Jennifer Manly Relationship between Residential Segregation, Later-Life Cognition, and Incident Dementia across Race/Ethnicity
description	Systemic racism leads to racial/ethnic residential segregation, which can result in health inequities. We examined if the associations between residential segregation and later-life cognition and dementia differed based on segregation measure and by participant race/ethnicity. Tests of memory (<i>n</i> = 4616), language (<i>n</i> = 4333), visuospatial abilities (<i>n</i> = 4557), and incident dementia (<i>n</i> = 4556) were analyzed in older residents of Northern Manhattan, New York (mean age: 75.7 years). Segregation was measured at the block group-level using three indices: dissimilarity, isolation, and interaction. We fit multilevel linear or Cox proportional hazards models and included a race/ethnicity × segregation term to test for differential associations, adjusting for socioeconomic and health factors. Living in block groups with higher proportions of minoritized people was associated with −0.05 SD lower language scores. Living in block groups with higher potential contact between racial/ethnic groups was associated with 0.06–0.1 SD higher language scores. The findings were less pronounced for other cognitive domains and for incident dementia. Non-Hispanic Black adults were most likely to experience negative effects of neighborhood segregation on cognition (language and memory) and dementia. All indices partly capture downstream effects of structural racism (i.e., unequal distributions of wealth/resources) on cognition. Therefore, desegregation and equitable access to resources have the potential to improve later-life cognitive health.
format	article
author	Daniel J. Pohl Dominika Seblova Justina F. Avila Karen A. Dorsman Erin R. Kulick Joan A. Casey Jennifer Manly
author_facet	Daniel J. Pohl Dominika Seblova Justina F. Avila Karen A. Dorsman Erin R. Kulick Joan A. Casey Jennifer Manly
author_sort	Daniel J. Pohl
title	Relationship between Residential Segregation, Later-Life Cognition, and Incident Dementia across Race/Ethnicity
title_short	Relationship between Residential Segregation, Later-Life Cognition, and Incident Dementia across Race/Ethnicity
title_full	Relationship between Residential Segregation, Later-Life Cognition, and Incident Dementia across Race/Ethnicity
title_fullStr	Relationship between Residential Segregation, Later-Life Cognition, and Incident Dementia across Race/Ethnicity
title_full_unstemmed	Relationship between Residential Segregation, Later-Life Cognition, and Incident Dementia across Race/Ethnicity
title_sort	relationship between residential segregation, later-life cognition, and incident dementia across race/ethnicity
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6317fd80aaad4cee8acbe849994ed330
work_keys_str_mv	AT danieljpohl relationshipbetweenresidentialsegregationlaterlifecognitionandincidentdementiaacrossraceethnicity AT dominikaseblova relationshipbetweenresidentialsegregationlaterlifecognitionandincidentdementiaacrossraceethnicity AT justinafavila relationshipbetweenresidentialsegregationlaterlifecognitionandincidentdementiaacrossraceethnicity AT karenadorsman relationshipbetweenresidentialsegregationlaterlifecognitionandincidentdementiaacrossraceethnicity AT erinrkulick relationshipbetweenresidentialsegregationlaterlifecognitionandincidentdementiaacrossraceethnicity AT joanacasey relationshipbetweenresidentialsegregationlaterlifecognitionandincidentdementiaacrossraceethnicity AT jennifermanly relationshipbetweenresidentialsegregationlaterlifecognitionandincidentdementiaacrossraceethnicity
_version_	1718432358810517504

Relationship between Residential Segregation, Later-Life Cognition, and Incident Dementia across Race/Ethnicity

Ejemplares similares