A wireless spinal stimulation system for ventral activation of the rat cervical spinal cord

Abstract Electrical stimulation of the cervical spinal cord is gaining traction as a therapy following spinal cord injury; however, it is difficult to target the cervical motor region in a rodent using a non-penetrating stimulus compared with direct placement of intraspinal wire electrodes. Penetrat...

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Autores principales:	Matthew K. Hogan, Sean M. Barber, Zhoulyu Rao, Bethany R. Kondiles, Meng Huang, William J. Steele, Cunjiang Yu, Philip J. Horner
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/634374b94326469c8e574634e991edb5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:634374b94326469c8e574634e991edb52021-12-02T16:17:29ZA wireless spinal stimulation system for ventral activation of the rat cervical spinal cord10.1038/s41598-021-94047-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/634374b94326469c8e574634e991edb52021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94047-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Electrical stimulation of the cervical spinal cord is gaining traction as a therapy following spinal cord injury; however, it is difficult to target the cervical motor region in a rodent using a non-penetrating stimulus compared with direct placement of intraspinal wire electrodes. Penetrating wire electrodes have been explored in rodent and pig models and, while they have proven beneficial in the injured spinal cord, the negative aspects of spinal parenchymal penetration (e.g., gliosis, neural tissue damage, and obdurate inflammation) are of concern when considering therapeutic potential. We therefore designed a novel approach for epidural stimulation of the rat spinal cord using a wireless stimulation system and ventral electrode array. Our approach allowed for preservation of mobility following surgery and was suitable for long term stimulation strategies in awake, freely functioning animals. Further, electrophysiology mapping of the ventral spinal cord revealed the ventral approach was suitable to target muscle groups of the rat forelimb and, at a single electrode lead position, different stimulation protocols could be applied to achieve unique activation patterns of the muscles of the forelimb.Matthew K. HoganSean M. BarberZhoulyu RaoBethany R. KondilesMeng HuangWilliam J. SteeleCunjiang YuPhilip J. HornerNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Matthew K. Hogan Sean M. Barber Zhoulyu Rao Bethany R. Kondiles Meng Huang William J. Steele Cunjiang Yu Philip J. Horner A wireless spinal stimulation system for ventral activation of the rat cervical spinal cord
description	Abstract Electrical stimulation of the cervical spinal cord is gaining traction as a therapy following spinal cord injury; however, it is difficult to target the cervical motor region in a rodent using a non-penetrating stimulus compared with direct placement of intraspinal wire electrodes. Penetrating wire electrodes have been explored in rodent and pig models and, while they have proven beneficial in the injured spinal cord, the negative aspects of spinal parenchymal penetration (e.g., gliosis, neural tissue damage, and obdurate inflammation) are of concern when considering therapeutic potential. We therefore designed a novel approach for epidural stimulation of the rat spinal cord using a wireless stimulation system and ventral electrode array. Our approach allowed for preservation of mobility following surgery and was suitable for long term stimulation strategies in awake, freely functioning animals. Further, electrophysiology mapping of the ventral spinal cord revealed the ventral approach was suitable to target muscle groups of the rat forelimb and, at a single electrode lead position, different stimulation protocols could be applied to achieve unique activation patterns of the muscles of the forelimb.
format	article
author	Matthew K. Hogan Sean M. Barber Zhoulyu Rao Bethany R. Kondiles Meng Huang William J. Steele Cunjiang Yu Philip J. Horner
author_facet	Matthew K. Hogan Sean M. Barber Zhoulyu Rao Bethany R. Kondiles Meng Huang William J. Steele Cunjiang Yu Philip J. Horner
author_sort	Matthew K. Hogan
title	A wireless spinal stimulation system for ventral activation of the rat cervical spinal cord
title_short	A wireless spinal stimulation system for ventral activation of the rat cervical spinal cord
title_full	A wireless spinal stimulation system for ventral activation of the rat cervical spinal cord
title_fullStr	A wireless spinal stimulation system for ventral activation of the rat cervical spinal cord
title_full_unstemmed	A wireless spinal stimulation system for ventral activation of the rat cervical spinal cord
title_sort	wireless spinal stimulation system for ventral activation of the rat cervical spinal cord
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/634374b94326469c8e574634e991edb5
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A wireless spinal stimulation system for ventral activation of the rat cervical spinal cord

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