New Genes in the Drosophila Y Chromosome: Lessons from D. willistoni

Y chromosomes play important roles in sex determination and male fertility. In several groups (e.g., mammals) there is strong evidence that they evolved through gene loss from a common X-Y ancestor, but in Drosophila the acquisition of new genes plays a major role. This conclusion...

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Autores principales:	João Ricchio, Fabiana Uno, A. Bernardo Carvalho
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Drosophila willistoni</i> Y chromosome new genes segmental duplication gene duplication Genetics QH426-470
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/635e4c73db424db5a2da2d785fd1bd39
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:635e4c73db424db5a2da2d785fd1bd392021-11-25T17:42:20ZNew Genes in the <i>Drosophila</i> Y Chromosome: Lessons from <i>D. willistoni</i>10.3390/genes121118152073-4425https://doaj.org/article/635e4c73db424db5a2da2d785fd1bd392021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/11/1815https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4425Y chromosomes play important roles in sex determination and male fertility. In several groups (e.g., mammals) there is strong evidence that they evolved through gene loss from a common X-Y ancestor, but in <i>Drosophila</i> the acquisition of new genes plays a major role. This conclusion came mostly from studies in two species. Here we report the identification of the 22 Y-linked genes in <i>D. willistoni</i>. They all fit the previously observed pattern of autosomal or X-linked testis-specific genes that duplicated to the Y. The ratio of gene gains to gene losses is ~25 in <i>D. willistoni</i>, confirming the prominent role of gene gains in the evolution of <i>Drosophila</i> Y chromosomes. We also found four large segmental duplications (ranging from 62 kb to 303 kb) from autosomal regions to the Y, containing ~58 genes. All but four of these duplicated genes became pseudogenes in the Y or disappeared. In the <i>GK20609</i> gene the Y-linked copy remained functional, whereas its original autosomal copy degenerated, demonstrating how autosomal genes are transferred to the Y chromosome. Since the segmental duplication that carried <i>GK20609</i> contained six other testis-specific genes, it seems that chance plays a significant role in the acquisition of new genes by the <i>Drosophila</i> Y chromosome.João RicchioFabiana UnoA. Bernardo CarvalhoMDPI AGarticle<i>Drosophila willistoni</i>Y chromosomenew genessegmental duplicationgene duplicationGeneticsQH426-470ENGenes, Vol 12, Iss 1815, p 1815 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Drosophila willistoni</i> Y chromosome new genes segmental duplication gene duplication Genetics QH426-470
spellingShingle	<i>Drosophila willistoni</i> Y chromosome new genes segmental duplication gene duplication Genetics QH426-470 João Ricchio Fabiana Uno A. Bernardo Carvalho New Genes in the <i>Drosophila</i> Y Chromosome: Lessons from <i>D. willistoni</i>
description	Y chromosomes play important roles in sex determination and male fertility. In several groups (e.g., mammals) there is strong evidence that they evolved through gene loss from a common X-Y ancestor, but in <i>Drosophila</i> the acquisition of new genes plays a major role. This conclusion came mostly from studies in two species. Here we report the identification of the 22 Y-linked genes in <i>D. willistoni</i>. They all fit the previously observed pattern of autosomal or X-linked testis-specific genes that duplicated to the Y. The ratio of gene gains to gene losses is ~25 in <i>D. willistoni</i>, confirming the prominent role of gene gains in the evolution of <i>Drosophila</i> Y chromosomes. We also found four large segmental duplications (ranging from 62 kb to 303 kb) from autosomal regions to the Y, containing ~58 genes. All but four of these duplicated genes became pseudogenes in the Y or disappeared. In the <i>GK20609</i> gene the Y-linked copy remained functional, whereas its original autosomal copy degenerated, demonstrating how autosomal genes are transferred to the Y chromosome. Since the segmental duplication that carried <i>GK20609</i> contained six other testis-specific genes, it seems that chance plays a significant role in the acquisition of new genes by the <i>Drosophila</i> Y chromosome.
format	article
author	João Ricchio Fabiana Uno A. Bernardo Carvalho
author_facet	João Ricchio Fabiana Uno A. Bernardo Carvalho
author_sort	João Ricchio
title	New Genes in the <i>Drosophila</i> Y Chromosome: Lessons from <i>D. willistoni</i>
title_short	New Genes in the <i>Drosophila</i> Y Chromosome: Lessons from <i>D. willistoni</i>
title_full	New Genes in the <i>Drosophila</i> Y Chromosome: Lessons from <i>D. willistoni</i>
title_fullStr	New Genes in the <i>Drosophila</i> Y Chromosome: Lessons from <i>D. willistoni</i>
title_full_unstemmed	New Genes in the <i>Drosophila</i> Y Chromosome: Lessons from <i>D. willistoni</i>
title_sort	new genes in the <i>drosophila</i> y chromosome: lessons from <i>d. willistoni</i>
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/635e4c73db424db5a2da2d785fd1bd39
work_keys_str_mv	AT joaoricchio newgenesintheidrosophilaiychromosomelessonsfromidwillistonii AT fabianauno newgenesintheidrosophilaiychromosomelessonsfromidwillistonii AT abernardocarvalho newgenesintheidrosophilaiychromosomelessonsfromidwillistonii
_version_	1718412107783864320

New Genes in the <i>Drosophila</i> Y Chromosome: Lessons from <i>D. willistoni</i>

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