Platform- and label-free detection of lead ions in environmental and laboratory samples using G-quadraplex probes by circular dichroism spectroscopy

Abstract Guanine-rich quadruplex (G-QD) are formed by conversion of nucleotides with specific sequences by stabilization of positively charged K+ or Na+. These G-QD structures differentially absorb two-directional (right- and left-handed) circularly polarized light, which can discriminate the parall...

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Autores principales:	Raeyeong Kim, Young-Sang Youn, Misook Kang, Eunjoo Kim
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/638f2314c5e84b0e8bb79fe23c8b0247
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:638f2314c5e84b0e8bb79fe23c8b02472021-12-02T15:10:08ZPlatform- and label-free detection of lead ions in environmental and laboratory samples using G-quadraplex probes by circular dichroism spectroscopy10.1038/s41598-020-77449-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/638f2314c5e84b0e8bb79fe23c8b02472020-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77449-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Guanine-rich quadruplex (G-QD) are formed by conversion of nucleotides with specific sequences by stabilization of positively charged K+ or Na+. These G-QD structures differentially absorb two-directional (right- and left-handed) circularly polarized light, which can discriminate the parallel or anti-parallel structures of G-QDs. In this study, G-QDs stabilized by Pb2+ were analyzed by a circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy to determine Pb2+ concentration in water samples. Thrombin aptamer (TBA), PS2.M, human telomeric DNA (HTG), AGRO 100, and telomeric related sequence (T2) were studied to verify their applicability as probes for platform- and label-free detection of Pb2+ in environmental as well as laboratory samples. Among these nucleotides, TBA and PS2.M exhibited higher binding constants for Pb2+, 1.20–2.04 × 106/M at and 4.58 × 104–1.09 × 105/M at 100 micromolar and 100 mM K+ concentration, respectively. They also exhibited excellent selectivity for Pb2+ than for Al3+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Fe3+, Co2+, and Cr2+. When Pb2+ was spiked into an effluent sample from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), its existence was detected by CD spectroscopy following a simple addition of TBA or PS2.M. By the addition of TBA and PS2.M, the Pb2+ signals were observed in effluent samples over 0.5 micromolar (100 ppb) concentration. Furthermore, PS2.M caused a Pb2+-specific absorption band in the effluent sample without spiking of Pb2+, and could be induced to G-QD structure by the background Pb2+ concentration in the effluent, 0.159 micromolar concentration (3.30 ppb). Taken together, we propose that TBA and PS2.M are applicable as platform- and label-free detection probes for monitoring Pb2+ in environmental samples such as discharged effluent from local WWTPs, using CD spectroscopy.Raeyeong KimYoung-Sang YounMisook KangEunjoo KimNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Raeyeong Kim Young-Sang Youn Misook Kang Eunjoo Kim Platform- and label-free detection of lead ions in environmental and laboratory samples using G-quadraplex probes by circular dichroism spectroscopy
description	Abstract Guanine-rich quadruplex (G-QD) are formed by conversion of nucleotides with specific sequences by stabilization of positively charged K+ or Na+. These G-QD structures differentially absorb two-directional (right- and left-handed) circularly polarized light, which can discriminate the parallel or anti-parallel structures of G-QDs. In this study, G-QDs stabilized by Pb2+ were analyzed by a circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy to determine Pb2+ concentration in water samples. Thrombin aptamer (TBA), PS2.M, human telomeric DNA (HTG), AGRO 100, and telomeric related sequence (T2) were studied to verify their applicability as probes for platform- and label-free detection of Pb2+ in environmental as well as laboratory samples. Among these nucleotides, TBA and PS2.M exhibited higher binding constants for Pb2+, 1.20–2.04 × 106/M at and 4.58 × 104–1.09 × 105/M at 100 micromolar and 100 mM K+ concentration, respectively. They also exhibited excellent selectivity for Pb2+ than for Al3+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Fe3+, Co2+, and Cr2+. When Pb2+ was spiked into an effluent sample from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), its existence was detected by CD spectroscopy following a simple addition of TBA or PS2.M. By the addition of TBA and PS2.M, the Pb2+ signals were observed in effluent samples over 0.5 micromolar (100 ppb) concentration. Furthermore, PS2.M caused a Pb2+-specific absorption band in the effluent sample without spiking of Pb2+, and could be induced to G-QD structure by the background Pb2+ concentration in the effluent, 0.159 micromolar concentration (3.30 ppb). Taken together, we propose that TBA and PS2.M are applicable as platform- and label-free detection probes for monitoring Pb2+ in environmental samples such as discharged effluent from local WWTPs, using CD spectroscopy.
format	article
author	Raeyeong Kim Young-Sang Youn Misook Kang Eunjoo Kim
author_facet	Raeyeong Kim Young-Sang Youn Misook Kang Eunjoo Kim
author_sort	Raeyeong Kim
title	Platform- and label-free detection of lead ions in environmental and laboratory samples using G-quadraplex probes by circular dichroism spectroscopy
title_short	Platform- and label-free detection of lead ions in environmental and laboratory samples using G-quadraplex probes by circular dichroism spectroscopy
title_full	Platform- and label-free detection of lead ions in environmental and laboratory samples using G-quadraplex probes by circular dichroism spectroscopy
title_fullStr	Platform- and label-free detection of lead ions in environmental and laboratory samples using G-quadraplex probes by circular dichroism spectroscopy
title_full_unstemmed	Platform- and label-free detection of lead ions in environmental and laboratory samples using G-quadraplex probes by circular dichroism spectroscopy
title_sort	platform- and label-free detection of lead ions in environmental and laboratory samples using g-quadraplex probes by circular dichroism spectroscopy
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/638f2314c5e84b0e8bb79fe23c8b0247
work_keys_str_mv	AT raeyeongkim platformandlabelfreedetectionofleadionsinenvironmentalandlaboratorysamplesusinggquadraplexprobesbycirculardichroismspectroscopy AT youngsangyoun platformandlabelfreedetectionofleadionsinenvironmentalandlaboratorysamplesusinggquadraplexprobesbycirculardichroismspectroscopy AT misookkang platformandlabelfreedetectionofleadionsinenvironmentalandlaboratorysamplesusinggquadraplexprobesbycirculardichroismspectroscopy AT eunjookim platformandlabelfreedetectionofleadionsinenvironmentalandlaboratorysamplesusinggquadraplexprobesbycirculardichroismspectroscopy
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Platform- and label-free detection of lead ions in environmental and laboratory samples using G-quadraplex probes by circular dichroism spectroscopy

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