Localization accuracy of multiple magnets in a myokinetic control interface

Abstract Magnetic localizers have been widely investigated in the biomedical field, especially for intra-body applications, because they don’t require a free line-of-sight between the implanted magnets and the magnetic field sensors. However, while researchers have focused on narrow and specific asp...

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Autores principales:	Marta Gherardini, Francesco Clemente, Stefano Milici, Christian Cipriani
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/63b290a7a6944919b9380b6038eef626
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:63b290a7a6944919b9380b6038eef6262021-12-02T13:34:57ZLocalization accuracy of multiple magnets in a myokinetic control interface10.1038/s41598-021-84390-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/63b290a7a6944919b9380b6038eef6262021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84390-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Magnetic localizers have been widely investigated in the biomedical field, especially for intra-body applications, because they don’t require a free line-of-sight between the implanted magnets and the magnetic field sensors. However, while researchers have focused on narrow and specific aspects of the localization problem, no one has comprehensively searched for general design rules for accurately localizing multiple magnetic objectives. In this study, we sought to systematically analyse the effects of remanent magnetization, number of sensors, and geometrical configuration (i.e. distance among magnets—Linter-MM—and between magnets and sensors—LMM-sensor) on the accuracy of the localizer in order to unveil the basic principles of the localization problem. Specifically, through simulations validated with a physical system, we observed that the accuracy of the localization was mainly affected by a specific angle ( $$\theta$$ θ = tan−1(Linter-MM / LMM-sensor)), descriptive of the system geometry. In particular, while tracking nine magnets, errors below ~ 1 mm (10% of the length of the simulated trajectory) and around 9° were obtained if θ ≥ ~ 31°. The latter proved a general rule across all tested conditions, also when the number of magnets was doubled. Our results are interesting for a whole range of biomedical engineering applications exploiting multiple-magnets tracking, such as human–machine interfaces, capsule endoscopy, ventriculostomy interventions, and endovascular catheter navigation.Marta GherardiniFrancesco ClementeStefano MiliciChristian CiprianiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Marta Gherardini Francesco Clemente Stefano Milici Christian Cipriani Localization accuracy of multiple magnets in a myokinetic control interface
description	Abstract Magnetic localizers have been widely investigated in the biomedical field, especially for intra-body applications, because they don’t require a free line-of-sight between the implanted magnets and the magnetic field sensors. However, while researchers have focused on narrow and specific aspects of the localization problem, no one has comprehensively searched for general design rules for accurately localizing multiple magnetic objectives. In this study, we sought to systematically analyse the effects of remanent magnetization, number of sensors, and geometrical configuration (i.e. distance among magnets—Linter-MM—and between magnets and sensors—LMM-sensor) on the accuracy of the localizer in order to unveil the basic principles of the localization problem. Specifically, through simulations validated with a physical system, we observed that the accuracy of the localization was mainly affected by a specific angle ( $$\theta$$ θ = tan−1(Linter-MM / LMM-sensor)), descriptive of the system geometry. In particular, while tracking nine magnets, errors below ~ 1 mm (10% of the length of the simulated trajectory) and around 9° were obtained if θ ≥ ~ 31°. The latter proved a general rule across all tested conditions, also when the number of magnets was doubled. Our results are interesting for a whole range of biomedical engineering applications exploiting multiple-magnets tracking, such as human–machine interfaces, capsule endoscopy, ventriculostomy interventions, and endovascular catheter navigation.
format	article
author	Marta Gherardini Francesco Clemente Stefano Milici Christian Cipriani
author_facet	Marta Gherardini Francesco Clemente Stefano Milici Christian Cipriani
author_sort	Marta Gherardini
title	Localization accuracy of multiple magnets in a myokinetic control interface
title_short	Localization accuracy of multiple magnets in a myokinetic control interface
title_full	Localization accuracy of multiple magnets in a myokinetic control interface
title_fullStr	Localization accuracy of multiple magnets in a myokinetic control interface
title_full_unstemmed	Localization accuracy of multiple magnets in a myokinetic control interface
title_sort	localization accuracy of multiple magnets in a myokinetic control interface
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/63b290a7a6944919b9380b6038eef626
work_keys_str_mv	AT martagherardini localizationaccuracyofmultiplemagnetsinamyokineticcontrolinterface AT francescoclemente localizationaccuracyofmultiplemagnetsinamyokineticcontrolinterface AT stefanomilici localizationaccuracyofmultiplemagnetsinamyokineticcontrolinterface AT christiancipriani localizationaccuracyofmultiplemagnetsinamyokineticcontrolinterface
_version_	1718392739988504576

Localization accuracy of multiple magnets in a myokinetic control interface

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