First clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens.

<h4>Background</h4>Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is an IgE-mediated allergic dermatitis in horses incited by salivary allergens from Culicoides spp. IBH does not occur in Iceland, as the causative agents are absent, however a high prevalence is seen in horses exported to Culicoides-...

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Autores principales:	Jasmin Birras, Samuel J White, Sigridur Jonsdottir, Ella N Novotny, Anja Ziegler, A Douglas Wilson, Rebecka Frey, Sigurbjörg Torsteinsdottir, Marcos Alcocer, Eliane Marti
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/63ebab3441ce437db4297cf788444582
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:63ebab3441ce437db4297cf7884445822021-12-02T20:13:10ZFirst clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0257819https://doaj.org/article/63ebab3441ce437db4297cf7884445822021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257819https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is an IgE-mediated allergic dermatitis in horses incited by salivary allergens from Culicoides spp. IBH does not occur in Iceland, as the causative agents are absent, however a high prevalence is seen in horses exported to Culicoides-rich environments.<h4>Aims</h4>To study the natural course of sensitization to Culicoides allergens and identify the primary sensitizing allergen(s) in horses exported from Iceland utilizing a comprehensive panel of Culicoides recombinant (r-) allergens.<h4>Method</h4>IgE microarray profiling to 27 Culicoides r-allergens was conducted on 110 serological samples from horses imported to Switzerland from Iceland that subsequently developed IBH or remained healthy. Furthermore, a longitudinal study of 31 IBH horses determined IgE profiles the summer preceding first clinical signs of IBH (TIBH-1), the summer of first clinical signs (TIBH) and the following summer (TIBH+1). In a group of Icelandic horses residing in Sweden, effects of origin (born in Iceland or Sweden) and duration of IBH (<4 years, 4-7 years, >7 years) on Culicoides-specific IgE was evaluated. Sero-positivity rates and IgE levels were compared.<h4>Results</h4>At TIBH, horses were sensitized to a median of 11 r-allergens (range = 0-21), of which nine were major allergens. This was significantly higher than TIBH-1 (3, 0-16), as well as the healthy (1, 0-14) group. There was no significant increase between TIBH and TIBH+1(12, 0-23). IBH-affected horses exported from Iceland had a significantly higher degree of sensitization than those born in Europe, while duration of IBH did not significantly affect degree of sensitization.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Significant sensitization is only detected in serum the year of first clinical signs of IBH. Horses become sensitized simultaneously to multiple Culicoides r-allergens, indicating that IgE-reactivity is due to co-sensitization rather than cross-reactivity between Culicoides allergens. Nine major first sensitizing r-allergens have been identified, which could be used for preventive allergen immunotherapy.Jasmin BirrasSamuel J WhiteSigridur JonsdottirElla N NovotnyAnja ZieglerA Douglas WilsonRebecka FreySigurbjörg TorsteinsdottirMarcos AlcocerEliane MartiPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11, p e0257819 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jasmin Birras Samuel J White Sigridur Jonsdottir Ella N Novotny Anja Ziegler A Douglas Wilson Rebecka Frey Sigurbjörg Torsteinsdottir Marcos Alcocer Eliane Marti First clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is an IgE-mediated allergic dermatitis in horses incited by salivary allergens from Culicoides spp. IBH does not occur in Iceland, as the causative agents are absent, however a high prevalence is seen in horses exported to Culicoides-rich environments.<h4>Aims</h4>To study the natural course of sensitization to Culicoides allergens and identify the primary sensitizing allergen(s) in horses exported from Iceland utilizing a comprehensive panel of Culicoides recombinant (r-) allergens.<h4>Method</h4>IgE microarray profiling to 27 Culicoides r-allergens was conducted on 110 serological samples from horses imported to Switzerland from Iceland that subsequently developed IBH or remained healthy. Furthermore, a longitudinal study of 31 IBH horses determined IgE profiles the summer preceding first clinical signs of IBH (TIBH-1), the summer of first clinical signs (TIBH) and the following summer (TIBH+1). In a group of Icelandic horses residing in Sweden, effects of origin (born in Iceland or Sweden) and duration of IBH (<4 years, 4-7 years, >7 years) on Culicoides-specific IgE was evaluated. Sero-positivity rates and IgE levels were compared.<h4>Results</h4>At TIBH, horses were sensitized to a median of 11 r-allergens (range = 0-21), of which nine were major allergens. This was significantly higher than TIBH-1 (3, 0-16), as well as the healthy (1, 0-14) group. There was no significant increase between TIBH and TIBH+1(12, 0-23). IBH-affected horses exported from Iceland had a significantly higher degree of sensitization than those born in Europe, while duration of IBH did not significantly affect degree of sensitization.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Significant sensitization is only detected in serum the year of first clinical signs of IBH. Horses become sensitized simultaneously to multiple Culicoides r-allergens, indicating that IgE-reactivity is due to co-sensitization rather than cross-reactivity between Culicoides allergens. Nine major first sensitizing r-allergens have been identified, which could be used for preventive allergen immunotherapy.
format	article
author	Jasmin Birras Samuel J White Sigridur Jonsdottir Ella N Novotny Anja Ziegler A Douglas Wilson Rebecka Frey Sigurbjörg Torsteinsdottir Marcos Alcocer Eliane Marti
author_facet	Jasmin Birras Samuel J White Sigridur Jonsdottir Ella N Novotny Anja Ziegler A Douglas Wilson Rebecka Frey Sigurbjörg Torsteinsdottir Marcos Alcocer Eliane Marti
author_sort	Jasmin Birras
title	First clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens.
title_short	First clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens.
title_full	First clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens.
title_fullStr	First clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens.
title_full_unstemmed	First clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens.
title_sort	first clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple culicoides allergens.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/63ebab3441ce437db4297cf788444582
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First clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens.

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