Superluminal Motion-Assisted Four-Dimensional Light-in-Flight Imaging

Advances in high-speed imaging techniques have opened new possibilities for capturing ultrafast phenomena such as light propagation in air or through media. Capturing light in flight in three-dimensional xyt space has been reported based on various types of imaging systems, whereas reconstruction of...

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Autores principales:	Kazuhiro Morimoto, Ming-Lo Wu, Andrei Ardelean, Edoardo Charbon
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Physical Society 2021
Materias:	Physics QC1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/640bf56039584194b68c198454288867
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:640bf56039584194b68c1984542888672021-12-02T13:27:27ZSuperluminal Motion-Assisted Four-Dimensional Light-in-Flight Imaging10.1103/PhysRevX.11.0110052160-3308https://doaj.org/article/640bf56039584194b68c1984542888672021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.11.011005http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.11.011005https://doaj.org/toc/2160-3308Advances in high-speed imaging techniques have opened new possibilities for capturing ultrafast phenomena such as light propagation in air or through media. Capturing light in flight in three-dimensional xyt space has been reported based on various types of imaging systems, whereas reconstruction of light-in-flight information in the fourth dimension z has been a challenge. We demonstrate the four-dimensional light-in-flight imaging based on the observation of a superluminal motion captured by a new time-gated megapixel single-photon avalanche diode camera. A high-resolution light-in-flight video is generated without laser scanning, camera translation, interpolation, or dark noise subtraction. An unsupervised machine-learning technique is applied to analyze the measured spatiotemporal data set. A theoretical formula is introduced to perform least-square regression for numerically solving a nonlinear inverse problem, and extra-dimensional information is recovered without prior knowledge. The algorithm relies on the mathematical formulation equivalent to the superluminal motion in astrophysics, which is scaled by a factor of a quadrillionth. The reconstructed light-in-flight trajectory shows good agreement with the actual geometry of the light path. Applicability of the reconstruction approach to more complex scenes with multiple overlapped light trajectories is verified based on a data set generated by Monte Carlo simulations. Our approach could potentially provide novel functionalities to high-speed imaging applications such as non-line-of-sight imaging and time-resolved optical tomography.Kazuhiro MorimotoMing-Lo WuAndrei ArdeleanEdoardo CharbonAmerican Physical SocietyarticlePhysicsQC1-999ENPhysical Review X, Vol 11, Iss 1, p 011005 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Physics QC1-999
spellingShingle	Physics QC1-999 Kazuhiro Morimoto Ming-Lo Wu Andrei Ardelean Edoardo Charbon Superluminal Motion-Assisted Four-Dimensional Light-in-Flight Imaging
description	Advances in high-speed imaging techniques have opened new possibilities for capturing ultrafast phenomena such as light propagation in air or through media. Capturing light in flight in three-dimensional xyt space has been reported based on various types of imaging systems, whereas reconstruction of light-in-flight information in the fourth dimension z has been a challenge. We demonstrate the four-dimensional light-in-flight imaging based on the observation of a superluminal motion captured by a new time-gated megapixel single-photon avalanche diode camera. A high-resolution light-in-flight video is generated without laser scanning, camera translation, interpolation, or dark noise subtraction. An unsupervised machine-learning technique is applied to analyze the measured spatiotemporal data set. A theoretical formula is introduced to perform least-square regression for numerically solving a nonlinear inverse problem, and extra-dimensional information is recovered without prior knowledge. The algorithm relies on the mathematical formulation equivalent to the superluminal motion in astrophysics, which is scaled by a factor of a quadrillionth. The reconstructed light-in-flight trajectory shows good agreement with the actual geometry of the light path. Applicability of the reconstruction approach to more complex scenes with multiple overlapped light trajectories is verified based on a data set generated by Monte Carlo simulations. Our approach could potentially provide novel functionalities to high-speed imaging applications such as non-line-of-sight imaging and time-resolved optical tomography.
format	article
author	Kazuhiro Morimoto Ming-Lo Wu Andrei Ardelean Edoardo Charbon
author_facet	Kazuhiro Morimoto Ming-Lo Wu Andrei Ardelean Edoardo Charbon
author_sort	Kazuhiro Morimoto
title	Superluminal Motion-Assisted Four-Dimensional Light-in-Flight Imaging
title_short	Superluminal Motion-Assisted Four-Dimensional Light-in-Flight Imaging
title_full	Superluminal Motion-Assisted Four-Dimensional Light-in-Flight Imaging
title_fullStr	Superluminal Motion-Assisted Four-Dimensional Light-in-Flight Imaging
title_full_unstemmed	Superluminal Motion-Assisted Four-Dimensional Light-in-Flight Imaging
title_sort	superluminal motion-assisted four-dimensional light-in-flight imaging
publisher	American Physical Society
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/640bf56039584194b68c198454288867
work_keys_str_mv	AT kazuhiromorimoto superluminalmotionassistedfourdimensionallightinflightimaging AT minglowu superluminalmotionassistedfourdimensionallightinflightimaging AT andreiardelean superluminalmotionassistedfourdimensionallightinflightimaging AT edoardocharbon superluminalmotionassistedfourdimensionallightinflightimaging
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Superluminal Motion-Assisted Four-Dimensional Light-in-Flight Imaging

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