Biogeographic evidence supports the Old Amazon hypothesis for the formation of the Amazon fluvial system

The Amazon has high biodiversity, which has been attributed to different geological events such as the formation of rivers. The Old and Young Amazon hypotheses have been proposed regarding the date of the formation of the Amazon basin. Different studies of historical biogeography support the Young A...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Karen Méndez-Camacho, Omar Leon-Alvarado, Daniel R. Miranda-Esquivel
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	PeerJ Inc. 2021
Materias:	Amazon fluvial system Old Amazon Molecular dating Bayesian inference Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/644051f2f10845e3938fb248f4c881b4
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:644051f2f10845e3938fb248f4c881b4
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:644051f2f10845e3938fb248f4c881b42021-11-27T15:05:09ZBiogeographic evidence supports the Old Amazon hypothesis for the formation of the Amazon fluvial system10.7717/peerj.125332167-8359https://doaj.org/article/644051f2f10845e3938fb248f4c881b42021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://peerj.com/articles/12533.pdfhttps://peerj.com/articles/12533/https://doaj.org/toc/2167-8359The Amazon has high biodiversity, which has been attributed to different geological events such as the formation of rivers. The Old and Young Amazon hypotheses have been proposed regarding the date of the formation of the Amazon basin. Different studies of historical biogeography support the Young Amazon model, however, most studies use secondary calibrations or are performed at the population level, preventing evaluation of a possible older formation of the Amazon basin. Here, we evaluated the fit of molecular phylogenetic and biogeographic data to previous models regarding the age of formation of the Amazon fluvial system. We reconstructed time-calibrated molecular phylogenies through Bayesian inference for six taxa belonging to Amphibia, Aves, Insecta and Mammalia, using both, nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence data and fossils as calibration points, and explored priors for both data sources. We detected the most plausible vicariant barriers for each phylogeny and performed an ancestral reconstruction analysis using areas bounded by major Amazonian rivers, and therefore, evaluated the effect of different dispersal rates over time based on geological and biogeographical information. The majority of the genes analyzed fit a relaxed clock model. The log normal distribution fits better and leads to more precise age estimations than the exponential distribution. The data suggested that the first dispersals to the Amazon basin occurred to Western Amazonia from 16.2–10.4 Ma, and the taxa covered most of the areas of the Amazon basin between 12.2–6.2 Ma. Additionally, regardless of the method, we obtained evidence for two rivers: Tocantins and Madeira, acting as vicariant barriers. Given the molecular and biogeographical analyses, we found that some taxa were fitted to the “Old Amazon” model.Karen Méndez-CamachoOmar Leon-AlvaradoDaniel R. Miranda-EsquivelPeerJ Inc.articleAmazon fluvial systemOld AmazonMolecular datingBayesian inferenceMedicineRENPeerJ, Vol 9, p e12533 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Amazon fluvial system Old Amazon Molecular dating Bayesian inference Medicine R
spellingShingle	Amazon fluvial system Old Amazon Molecular dating Bayesian inference Medicine R Karen Méndez-Camacho Omar Leon-Alvarado Daniel R. Miranda-Esquivel Biogeographic evidence supports the Old Amazon hypothesis for the formation of the Amazon fluvial system
description	The Amazon has high biodiversity, which has been attributed to different geological events such as the formation of rivers. The Old and Young Amazon hypotheses have been proposed regarding the date of the formation of the Amazon basin. Different studies of historical biogeography support the Young Amazon model, however, most studies use secondary calibrations or are performed at the population level, preventing evaluation of a possible older formation of the Amazon basin. Here, we evaluated the fit of molecular phylogenetic and biogeographic data to previous models regarding the age of formation of the Amazon fluvial system. We reconstructed time-calibrated molecular phylogenies through Bayesian inference for six taxa belonging to Amphibia, Aves, Insecta and Mammalia, using both, nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence data and fossils as calibration points, and explored priors for both data sources. We detected the most plausible vicariant barriers for each phylogeny and performed an ancestral reconstruction analysis using areas bounded by major Amazonian rivers, and therefore, evaluated the effect of different dispersal rates over time based on geological and biogeographical information. The majority of the genes analyzed fit a relaxed clock model. The log normal distribution fits better and leads to more precise age estimations than the exponential distribution. The data suggested that the first dispersals to the Amazon basin occurred to Western Amazonia from 16.2–10.4 Ma, and the taxa covered most of the areas of the Amazon basin between 12.2–6.2 Ma. Additionally, regardless of the method, we obtained evidence for two rivers: Tocantins and Madeira, acting as vicariant barriers. Given the molecular and biogeographical analyses, we found that some taxa were fitted to the “Old Amazon” model.
format	article
author	Karen Méndez-Camacho Omar Leon-Alvarado Daniel R. Miranda-Esquivel
author_facet	Karen Méndez-Camacho Omar Leon-Alvarado Daniel R. Miranda-Esquivel
author_sort	Karen Méndez-Camacho
title	Biogeographic evidence supports the Old Amazon hypothesis for the formation of the Amazon fluvial system
title_short	Biogeographic evidence supports the Old Amazon hypothesis for the formation of the Amazon fluvial system
title_full	Biogeographic evidence supports the Old Amazon hypothesis for the formation of the Amazon fluvial system
title_fullStr	Biogeographic evidence supports the Old Amazon hypothesis for the formation of the Amazon fluvial system
title_full_unstemmed	Biogeographic evidence supports the Old Amazon hypothesis for the formation of the Amazon fluvial system
title_sort	biogeographic evidence supports the old amazon hypothesis for the formation of the amazon fluvial system
publisher	PeerJ Inc.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/644051f2f10845e3938fb248f4c881b4
work_keys_str_mv	AT karenmendezcamacho biogeographicevidencesupportstheoldamazonhypothesisfortheformationoftheamazonfluvialsystem AT omarleonalvarado biogeographicevidencesupportstheoldamazonhypothesisfortheformationoftheamazonfluvialsystem AT danielrmirandaesquivel biogeographicevidencesupportstheoldamazonhypothesisfortheformationoftheamazonfluvialsystem
_version_	1718408503447519232

Biogeographic evidence supports the Old Amazon hypothesis for the formation of the Amazon fluvial system

Ejemplares similares