Climate Change Decreased Net Ecosystem Productivity in the Arid Region of Central Asia

Numerous studies have confirmed that climate change leads to a decrease in the net ecosystem productivity (<i>NEP</i>) of terrestrial ecosystems and alters regional carbon source/sink patterns. However, the response mechanism of <i>NEP</i> to climate change in the arid region...

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Autores principales:	Jingjing Zhang, Xingming Hao, Haichao Hao, Xue Fan, Yuanhang Li
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	vegetation carbon source and sink net ecosystem productivity net primary productivity sensitivity analysis Central Asia Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/64706ae4a4e14176a1c81fdd20df95ec
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:64706ae4a4e14176a1c81fdd20df95ec2021-11-11T18:57:14ZClimate Change Decreased Net Ecosystem Productivity in the Arid Region of Central Asia10.3390/rs132144492072-4292https://doaj.org/article/64706ae4a4e14176a1c81fdd20df95ec2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4449https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292Numerous studies have confirmed that climate change leads to a decrease in the net ecosystem productivity (<i>NEP</i>) of terrestrial ecosystems and alters regional carbon source/sink patterns. However, the response mechanism of <i>NEP</i> to climate change in the arid regions of Central Asia remains unclear. Therefore, this study combined the Carnegie–Ames–Stanford approach (CASA) and empirical models to estimate the <i>NEP</i> in Central Asia and quantitatively evaluate the sensitivity of the <i>NEP</i> to climate factors. The results show that although the net primary productivity (<i>NPP</i>) in Central Asia exhibits an increasing trend, it is not significant. Soil heterotrophic respiration (<i>RH</i>) has increased significantly, while the <i>NEP</i> has decreased at a rate of 6.1 g C·m<sup>−2</sup>·10 a<sup>−1</sup>. Spatially, the regional distribution of the significant increase in <i>RH</i> is consistent with that of the significant decrease in the <i>NEP</i>, which is concentrated in western and southern Central Asia. Specifically, the <i>NPP</i> is more sensitive to precipitation than temperature, whereas <i>RH</i> and <i>NEP</i> are more sensitive to temperature than precipitation. The annual contribution rates of temperature and precipitation to the <i>NEP</i> are 28.79% and 23.23%, respectively. Additionally, drought has an important impact on the carbon source/sink in Central Asia. Drought intensified from 2001 to 2008, leading to a significant expansion of the carbon source area in Central Asia. Therefore, since the start of the 21st century, climate change has damaged the <i>NEP</i> of the Central Asian ecosystem. Varying degrees of warming under different climate scenarios will further aggravate the expansion of carbon source areas in Central Asia. An improved understanding of climate change impacts in Central Asia is critically required for sustainable development of the regional economy and protection of its natural environment. Our results provide a scientific reference for the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt and global emissions reduction.Jingjing ZhangXingming HaoHaichao HaoXue FanYuanhang LiMDPI AGarticlevegetation carbon source and sinknet ecosystem productivitynet primary productivitysensitivity analysisCentral AsiaScienceQENRemote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4449, p 4449 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	vegetation carbon source and sink net ecosystem productivity net primary productivity sensitivity analysis Central Asia Science Q
spellingShingle	vegetation carbon source and sink net ecosystem productivity net primary productivity sensitivity analysis Central Asia Science Q Jingjing Zhang Xingming Hao Haichao Hao Xue Fan Yuanhang Li Climate Change Decreased Net Ecosystem Productivity in the Arid Region of Central Asia
description	Numerous studies have confirmed that climate change leads to a decrease in the net ecosystem productivity (<i>NEP</i>) of terrestrial ecosystems and alters regional carbon source/sink patterns. However, the response mechanism of <i>NEP</i> to climate change in the arid regions of Central Asia remains unclear. Therefore, this study combined the Carnegie–Ames–Stanford approach (CASA) and empirical models to estimate the <i>NEP</i> in Central Asia and quantitatively evaluate the sensitivity of the <i>NEP</i> to climate factors. The results show that although the net primary productivity (<i>NPP</i>) in Central Asia exhibits an increasing trend, it is not significant. Soil heterotrophic respiration (<i>RH</i>) has increased significantly, while the <i>NEP</i> has decreased at a rate of 6.1 g C·m<sup>−2</sup>·10 a<sup>−1</sup>. Spatially, the regional distribution of the significant increase in <i>RH</i> is consistent with that of the significant decrease in the <i>NEP</i>, which is concentrated in western and southern Central Asia. Specifically, the <i>NPP</i> is more sensitive to precipitation than temperature, whereas <i>RH</i> and <i>NEP</i> are more sensitive to temperature than precipitation. The annual contribution rates of temperature and precipitation to the <i>NEP</i> are 28.79% and 23.23%, respectively. Additionally, drought has an important impact on the carbon source/sink in Central Asia. Drought intensified from 2001 to 2008, leading to a significant expansion of the carbon source area in Central Asia. Therefore, since the start of the 21st century, climate change has damaged the <i>NEP</i> of the Central Asian ecosystem. Varying degrees of warming under different climate scenarios will further aggravate the expansion of carbon source areas in Central Asia. An improved understanding of climate change impacts in Central Asia is critically required for sustainable development of the regional economy and protection of its natural environment. Our results provide a scientific reference for the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt and global emissions reduction.
format	article
author	Jingjing Zhang Xingming Hao Haichao Hao Xue Fan Yuanhang Li
author_facet	Jingjing Zhang Xingming Hao Haichao Hao Xue Fan Yuanhang Li
author_sort	Jingjing Zhang
title	Climate Change Decreased Net Ecosystem Productivity in the Arid Region of Central Asia
title_short	Climate Change Decreased Net Ecosystem Productivity in the Arid Region of Central Asia
title_full	Climate Change Decreased Net Ecosystem Productivity in the Arid Region of Central Asia
title_fullStr	Climate Change Decreased Net Ecosystem Productivity in the Arid Region of Central Asia
title_full_unstemmed	Climate Change Decreased Net Ecosystem Productivity in the Arid Region of Central Asia
title_sort	climate change decreased net ecosystem productivity in the arid region of central asia
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/64706ae4a4e14176a1c81fdd20df95ec
work_keys_str_mv	AT jingjingzhang climatechangedecreasednetecosystemproductivityinthearidregionofcentralasia AT xingminghao climatechangedecreasednetecosystemproductivityinthearidregionofcentralasia AT haichaohao climatechangedecreasednetecosystemproductivityinthearidregionofcentralasia AT xuefan climatechangedecreasednetecosystemproductivityinthearidregionofcentralasia AT yuanhangli climatechangedecreasednetecosystemproductivityinthearidregionofcentralasia
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Climate Change Decreased Net Ecosystem Productivity in the Arid Region of Central Asia

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