Magnetoencephalography Brain Signatures Relate to Cognition and Cognitive Reserve in the Oldest-Old: The EMIF-AD 90 + Study

The oldest-old subjects represent the fastest growing segment of society and are at high risk for dementia with a prevalence of up to 40%. Lifestyle factors, such as lifelong participation in cognitive and leisure activities, may contribute to individual cognitive reserve and reduce the risk for cog...

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Autores principales:	Alessandra Griffa, Nienke Legdeur, Maryam Badissi, Martijn P. van den Heuvel, Cornelis J. Stam, Pieter Jelle Visser, Arjan Hillebrand
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	cognition functional connectivity cognitive reserve oldest-old magnetoencephalography Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/648b09cf18f54ff0b0a543f4c40a23d8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:648b09cf18f54ff0b0a543f4c40a23d82021-12-01T02:43:25ZMagnetoencephalography Brain Signatures Relate to Cognition and Cognitive Reserve in the Oldest-Old: The EMIF-AD 90 + Study1663-436510.3389/fnagi.2021.746373https://doaj.org/article/648b09cf18f54ff0b0a543f4c40a23d82021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2021.746373/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1663-4365The oldest-old subjects represent the fastest growing segment of society and are at high risk for dementia with a prevalence of up to 40%. Lifestyle factors, such as lifelong participation in cognitive and leisure activities, may contribute to individual cognitive reserve and reduce the risk for cognitive impairments. However, the neural bases underlying cognitive functioning and cognitive reserve in this age range are still poorly understood. Here, we investigate spectral and functional connectivity features obtained from resting-state MEG recordings in a cohort of 35 cognitively normal (92.2 ± 1.8 years old, 19 women) and 11 cognitively impaired (90.9 ± 1.9 years old, 1 woman) oldest-old participants, in relation to cognitive traits and cognitive reserve. The latter was approximated with a self-reported scale on lifelong engagement in cognitively demanding activities. Cognitively impaired oldest-old participants had slower cortical rhythms in frontal, parietal and default mode network regions compared to the cognitively normal subjects. These alterations mainly concerned the theta and beta band and partially explained inter-subject variability of episodic memory scores. Moreover, a distinct spectral pattern characterized by higher relative power in the alpha band was specifically associated with higher cognitive reserve while taking into account the effect of age and education level. Finally, stronger functional connectivity in the alpha and beta band were weakly associated with better cognitive performances in the whole group of subjects, although functional connectivity effects were less prominent than the spectral ones. Our results shed new light on the neural underpinnings of cognitive functioning in the oldest-old population and indicate that cognitive performance and cognitive reserve may have distinct spectral electrophysiological substrates.Alessandra GriffaAlessandra GriffaAlessandra GriffaNienke LegdeurMaryam BadissiMartijn P. van den HeuvelCornelis J. StamPieter Jelle VisserPieter Jelle VisserArjan HillebrandFrontiers Media S.A.articlecognitionfunctional connectivitycognitive reserveoldest-oldmagnetoencephalographyNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENFrontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Vol 13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cognition functional connectivity cognitive reserve oldest-old magnetoencephalography Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	cognition functional connectivity cognitive reserve oldest-old magnetoencephalography Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Alessandra Griffa Alessandra Griffa Alessandra Griffa Nienke Legdeur Maryam Badissi Martijn P. van den Heuvel Cornelis J. Stam Pieter Jelle Visser Pieter Jelle Visser Arjan Hillebrand Magnetoencephalography Brain Signatures Relate to Cognition and Cognitive Reserve in the Oldest-Old: The EMIF-AD 90 + Study
description	The oldest-old subjects represent the fastest growing segment of society and are at high risk for dementia with a prevalence of up to 40%. Lifestyle factors, such as lifelong participation in cognitive and leisure activities, may contribute to individual cognitive reserve and reduce the risk for cognitive impairments. However, the neural bases underlying cognitive functioning and cognitive reserve in this age range are still poorly understood. Here, we investigate spectral and functional connectivity features obtained from resting-state MEG recordings in a cohort of 35 cognitively normal (92.2 ± 1.8 years old, 19 women) and 11 cognitively impaired (90.9 ± 1.9 years old, 1 woman) oldest-old participants, in relation to cognitive traits and cognitive reserve. The latter was approximated with a self-reported scale on lifelong engagement in cognitively demanding activities. Cognitively impaired oldest-old participants had slower cortical rhythms in frontal, parietal and default mode network regions compared to the cognitively normal subjects. These alterations mainly concerned the theta and beta band and partially explained inter-subject variability of episodic memory scores. Moreover, a distinct spectral pattern characterized by higher relative power in the alpha band was specifically associated with higher cognitive reserve while taking into account the effect of age and education level. Finally, stronger functional connectivity in the alpha and beta band were weakly associated with better cognitive performances in the whole group of subjects, although functional connectivity effects were less prominent than the spectral ones. Our results shed new light on the neural underpinnings of cognitive functioning in the oldest-old population and indicate that cognitive performance and cognitive reserve may have distinct spectral electrophysiological substrates.
format	article
author	Alessandra Griffa Alessandra Griffa Alessandra Griffa Nienke Legdeur Maryam Badissi Martijn P. van den Heuvel Cornelis J. Stam Pieter Jelle Visser Pieter Jelle Visser Arjan Hillebrand
author_facet	Alessandra Griffa Alessandra Griffa Alessandra Griffa Nienke Legdeur Maryam Badissi Martijn P. van den Heuvel Cornelis J. Stam Pieter Jelle Visser Pieter Jelle Visser Arjan Hillebrand
author_sort	Alessandra Griffa
title	Magnetoencephalography Brain Signatures Relate to Cognition and Cognitive Reserve in the Oldest-Old: The EMIF-AD 90 + Study
title_short	Magnetoencephalography Brain Signatures Relate to Cognition and Cognitive Reserve in the Oldest-Old: The EMIF-AD 90 + Study
title_full	Magnetoencephalography Brain Signatures Relate to Cognition and Cognitive Reserve in the Oldest-Old: The EMIF-AD 90 + Study
title_fullStr	Magnetoencephalography Brain Signatures Relate to Cognition and Cognitive Reserve in the Oldest-Old: The EMIF-AD 90 + Study
title_full_unstemmed	Magnetoencephalography Brain Signatures Relate to Cognition and Cognitive Reserve in the Oldest-Old: The EMIF-AD 90 + Study
title_sort	magnetoencephalography brain signatures relate to cognition and cognitive reserve in the oldest-old: the emif-ad 90 + study
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/648b09cf18f54ff0b0a543f4c40a23d8
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Magnetoencephalography Brain Signatures Relate to Cognition and Cognitive Reserve in the Oldest-Old: The EMIF-AD 90 + Study

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