Electrochemical Synthesis of Nano-Sized Silicon from KCl–K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub> Melts for Powerful Lithium-Ion Batteries

Currently, silicon and silicon-based composite materials are widely used in microelectronics and solar energy devices. At the same time, silicon in the form of nanoscale fibers and various particles morphology is required for lithium-ion batteries with increased capacity. In this work, we studied th...

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Autores principales:	Timofey Gevel, Sergey Zhuk, Natalia Leonova, Anastasia Leonova, Alexey Trofimov, Andrey Suzdaltsev, Yuriy Zaikov
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	lithium-ion battery silicon halide melt electrodeposition silicon fibers nanotubes Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/64963f807df94c15a8ec8767b1ee642f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:64963f807df94c15a8ec8767b1ee642f2021-11-25T16:41:07ZElectrochemical Synthesis of Nano-Sized Silicon from KCl–K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub> Melts for Powerful Lithium-Ion Batteries10.3390/app1122109272076-3417https://doaj.org/article/64963f807df94c15a8ec8767b1ee642f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/22/10927https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417Currently, silicon and silicon-based composite materials are widely used in microelectronics and solar energy devices. At the same time, silicon in the form of nanoscale fibers and various particles morphology is required for lithium-ion batteries with increased capacity. In this work, we studied the electrolytic production of nanosized silicon from low-fluoride KCl–K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub> and KCl–K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub>–SiO<sub>2</sub> melts. The effect of SiO<sub>2</sub> addition on the morphology and composition of electrolytic silicon deposits was studied under the conditions of potentiostatic electrolysis (cathode overvoltage of 0.1, 0.15, and 0.25 V vs. the potential of a quasi-reference electrode). The obtained silicon deposits were separated from the electrolyte residues, analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and spectral analysis, and then used to fabricate a composite Si/C anode for a lithium-ion battery. The energy characteristics of the manufactured anode half-cells were measured by the galvanostatic cycling method. Cycling revealed better capacity retention and higher coulombic efficiency of the Si/C composite based on silicon synthesized from KCl–K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub>–SiO<sub>2</sub> melt. After 15 cycles at 200 mA·g<sup>−1</sup>, material obtained at 0.15 V overvoltage demonstrates capacity of 850 mAh·g<sup>−1</sup>.Timofey GevelSergey ZhukNatalia LeonovaAnastasia LeonovaAlexey TrofimovAndrey SuzdaltsevYuriy ZaikovMDPI AGarticlelithium-ion batterysiliconhalide meltelectrodepositionsilicon fibersnanotubesTechnologyTEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040Biology (General)QH301-705.5PhysicsQC1-999ChemistryQD1-999ENApplied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 10927, p 10927 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	lithium-ion battery silicon halide melt electrodeposition silicon fibers nanotubes Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	lithium-ion battery silicon halide melt electrodeposition silicon fibers nanotubes Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 Timofey Gevel Sergey Zhuk Natalia Leonova Anastasia Leonova Alexey Trofimov Andrey Suzdaltsev Yuriy Zaikov Electrochemical Synthesis of Nano-Sized Silicon from KCl–K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub> Melts for Powerful Lithium-Ion Batteries
description	Currently, silicon and silicon-based composite materials are widely used in microelectronics and solar energy devices. At the same time, silicon in the form of nanoscale fibers and various particles morphology is required for lithium-ion batteries with increased capacity. In this work, we studied the electrolytic production of nanosized silicon from low-fluoride KCl–K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub> and KCl–K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub>–SiO<sub>2</sub> melts. The effect of SiO<sub>2</sub> addition on the morphology and composition of electrolytic silicon deposits was studied under the conditions of potentiostatic electrolysis (cathode overvoltage of 0.1, 0.15, and 0.25 V vs. the potential of a quasi-reference electrode). The obtained silicon deposits were separated from the electrolyte residues, analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and spectral analysis, and then used to fabricate a composite Si/C anode for a lithium-ion battery. The energy characteristics of the manufactured anode half-cells were measured by the galvanostatic cycling method. Cycling revealed better capacity retention and higher coulombic efficiency of the Si/C composite based on silicon synthesized from KCl–K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub>–SiO<sub>2</sub> melt. After 15 cycles at 200 mA·g<sup>−1</sup>, material obtained at 0.15 V overvoltage demonstrates capacity of 850 mAh·g<sup>−1</sup>.
format	article
author	Timofey Gevel Sergey Zhuk Natalia Leonova Anastasia Leonova Alexey Trofimov Andrey Suzdaltsev Yuriy Zaikov
author_facet	Timofey Gevel Sergey Zhuk Natalia Leonova Anastasia Leonova Alexey Trofimov Andrey Suzdaltsev Yuriy Zaikov
author_sort	Timofey Gevel
title	Electrochemical Synthesis of Nano-Sized Silicon from KCl–K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub> Melts for Powerful Lithium-Ion Batteries
title_short	Electrochemical Synthesis of Nano-Sized Silicon from KCl–K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub> Melts for Powerful Lithium-Ion Batteries
title_full	Electrochemical Synthesis of Nano-Sized Silicon from KCl–K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub> Melts for Powerful Lithium-Ion Batteries
title_fullStr	Electrochemical Synthesis of Nano-Sized Silicon from KCl–K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub> Melts for Powerful Lithium-Ion Batteries
title_full_unstemmed	Electrochemical Synthesis of Nano-Sized Silicon from KCl–K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub> Melts for Powerful Lithium-Ion Batteries
title_sort	electrochemical synthesis of nano-sized silicon from kcl–k<sub>2</sub>sif<sub>6</sub> melts for powerful lithium-ion batteries
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/64963f807df94c15a8ec8767b1ee642f
work_keys_str_mv	AT timofeygevel electrochemicalsynthesisofnanosizedsiliconfromkclksub2subsifsub6submeltsforpowerfullithiumionbatteries AT sergeyzhuk electrochemicalsynthesisofnanosizedsiliconfromkclksub2subsifsub6submeltsforpowerfullithiumionbatteries AT natalialeonova electrochemicalsynthesisofnanosizedsiliconfromkclksub2subsifsub6submeltsforpowerfullithiumionbatteries AT anastasialeonova electrochemicalsynthesisofnanosizedsiliconfromkclksub2subsifsub6submeltsforpowerfullithiumionbatteries AT alexeytrofimov electrochemicalsynthesisofnanosizedsiliconfromkclksub2subsifsub6submeltsforpowerfullithiumionbatteries AT andreysuzdaltsev electrochemicalsynthesisofnanosizedsiliconfromkclksub2subsifsub6submeltsforpowerfullithiumionbatteries AT yuriyzaikov electrochemicalsynthesisofnanosizedsiliconfromkclksub2subsifsub6submeltsforpowerfullithiumionbatteries
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Electrochemical Synthesis of Nano-Sized Silicon from KCl–K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub> Melts for Powerful Lithium-Ion Batteries

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