Chain architectures of various cellulose-based antiscalants on the inhibition of calcium carbonate scale

Abstract Two series of cellulose-based antiscalants with different chain architectures, i.e., linear carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and branch-shaped carboxymethyl cellulose-graft-poly(acrylic acid) (CMC-g-PAA), were synthesized. The carboxyl groups were distributed on CMC backbone but mainly on the...

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Autores principales:	Wei Yu, Hu Yang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6497c5d98fb94148accc985dfc0122d9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6497c5d98fb94148accc985dfc0122d92021-12-02T12:40:40ZChain architectures of various cellulose-based antiscalants on the inhibition of calcium carbonate scale10.1038/s41598-020-78408-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/6497c5d98fb94148accc985dfc0122d92020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78408-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Two series of cellulose-based antiscalants with different chain architectures, i.e., linear carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and branch-shaped carboxymethyl cellulose-graft-poly(acrylic acid) (CMC-g-PAA), were synthesized. The carboxyl groups were distributed on CMC backbone but mainly on the grafted chains of CMC-g-PAA. The addition of CMC and CMC-g-PAA can both increase the surface energy of CaCO3 scale and decrease its crystal nucleation rate, thereby inhibiting CaCO3 scale formation. The structural effects of these cellulose-based antiscalants, especially the chain architectures, on the scale inhibition were investigated in detail. High degree of carboxymethyl substitution caused better inhibition effect of linear CMC. However, CMC-g-PAA with an appropriate content of carboxyl groups but high average number of PAA grafted chains can achieve high inhibition performance. Besides, with similar contents of carboxyl groups, CMC-g-PAA showed much better inhibition performance than CMC due to the distinct multi-dimensional spatial structure of graft copolymer in solution, causing the enhanced chelation and dispersion effects. Characterization of CaCO3 crystal by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction confirmed that crystal distortion effect obviously existed in CMC but quite minor in CMC-g-PAA. The differences between the scale-inhibition performance of CMC and CMC-g-PAA should be attributed to the different scale-inhibition mechanisms originated in their distinct chain architectures.Wei YuHu YangNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Wei Yu Hu Yang Chain architectures of various cellulose-based antiscalants on the inhibition of calcium carbonate scale
description	Abstract Two series of cellulose-based antiscalants with different chain architectures, i.e., linear carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and branch-shaped carboxymethyl cellulose-graft-poly(acrylic acid) (CMC-g-PAA), were synthesized. The carboxyl groups were distributed on CMC backbone but mainly on the grafted chains of CMC-g-PAA. The addition of CMC and CMC-g-PAA can both increase the surface energy of CaCO3 scale and decrease its crystal nucleation rate, thereby inhibiting CaCO3 scale formation. The structural effects of these cellulose-based antiscalants, especially the chain architectures, on the scale inhibition were investigated in detail. High degree of carboxymethyl substitution caused better inhibition effect of linear CMC. However, CMC-g-PAA with an appropriate content of carboxyl groups but high average number of PAA grafted chains can achieve high inhibition performance. Besides, with similar contents of carboxyl groups, CMC-g-PAA showed much better inhibition performance than CMC due to the distinct multi-dimensional spatial structure of graft copolymer in solution, causing the enhanced chelation and dispersion effects. Characterization of CaCO3 crystal by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction confirmed that crystal distortion effect obviously existed in CMC but quite minor in CMC-g-PAA. The differences between the scale-inhibition performance of CMC and CMC-g-PAA should be attributed to the different scale-inhibition mechanisms originated in their distinct chain architectures.
format	article
author	Wei Yu Hu Yang
author_facet	Wei Yu Hu Yang
author_sort	Wei Yu
title	Chain architectures of various cellulose-based antiscalants on the inhibition of calcium carbonate scale
title_short	Chain architectures of various cellulose-based antiscalants on the inhibition of calcium carbonate scale
title_full	Chain architectures of various cellulose-based antiscalants on the inhibition of calcium carbonate scale
title_fullStr	Chain architectures of various cellulose-based antiscalants on the inhibition of calcium carbonate scale
title_full_unstemmed	Chain architectures of various cellulose-based antiscalants on the inhibition of calcium carbonate scale
title_sort	chain architectures of various cellulose-based antiscalants on the inhibition of calcium carbonate scale
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/6497c5d98fb94148accc985dfc0122d9
work_keys_str_mv	AT weiyu chainarchitecturesofvariouscellulosebasedantiscalantsontheinhibitionofcalciumcarbonatescale AT huyang chainarchitecturesofvariouscellulosebasedantiscalantsontheinhibitionofcalciumcarbonatescale
_version_	1718393740769361920

Chain architectures of various cellulose-based antiscalants on the inhibition of calcium carbonate scale

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