Toward room-temperature nanoscale skyrmions in ultrathin films

Abstract Breaking the dilemma between small size and room-temperature stability is a necessary prerequisite for skyrmion-based information technology. Here we demonstrate by means of rate theory and an atomistic spin Hamiltonian that the stability of isolated skyrmions in ultrathin ferromagnetic fil...

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Autores principales:	Anastasiia S. Varentcova, Stephan von Malottki, Maria N. Potkina, Grzegorz Kwiatkowski, Stefan Heinze, Pavel F. Bessarab
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Computer software QA76.75-76.765
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/64d3aa9107534faeac119487a4866580
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:64d3aa9107534faeac119487a48665802021-12-02T13:56:11ZToward room-temperature nanoscale skyrmions in ultrathin films10.1038/s41524-020-00453-w2057-3960https://doaj.org/article/64d3aa9107534faeac119487a48665802020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41524-020-00453-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2057-3960Abstract Breaking the dilemma between small size and room-temperature stability is a necessary prerequisite for skyrmion-based information technology. Here we demonstrate by means of rate theory and an atomistic spin Hamiltonian that the stability of isolated skyrmions in ultrathin ferromagnetic films can be enhanced by the concerted variation of magnetic interactions while keeping the skyrmion size unchanged. We predict film systems where the lifetime of sub-10 nm skyrmions can reach years at ambient conditions. The long lifetime of such small skyrmions is due to exceptionally large Arrhenius pre-exponential factor and the stabilizing effect of the energy barrier is insignificant at room temperature. A dramatic increase in the pre-exponential factor is achieved thanks to the softening of magnon modes of the skyrmion, thereby increasing the entropy of the skyrmion with respect to the transition state for collapse. Increasing the number of skyrmion deformation modes should be a guiding principle for the realization of nanoscale, room-temperature stable skyrmions.Anastasiia S. VarentcovaStephan von MalottkiMaria N. PotkinaGrzegorz KwiatkowskiStefan HeinzePavel F. BessarabNature PortfolioarticleMaterials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materialsTA401-492Computer softwareQA76.75-76.765ENnpj Computational Materials, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Computer software QA76.75-76.765
spellingShingle	Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Computer software QA76.75-76.765 Anastasiia S. Varentcova Stephan von Malottki Maria N. Potkina Grzegorz Kwiatkowski Stefan Heinze Pavel F. Bessarab Toward room-temperature nanoscale skyrmions in ultrathin films
description	Abstract Breaking the dilemma between small size and room-temperature stability is a necessary prerequisite for skyrmion-based information technology. Here we demonstrate by means of rate theory and an atomistic spin Hamiltonian that the stability of isolated skyrmions in ultrathin ferromagnetic films can be enhanced by the concerted variation of magnetic interactions while keeping the skyrmion size unchanged. We predict film systems where the lifetime of sub-10 nm skyrmions can reach years at ambient conditions. The long lifetime of such small skyrmions is due to exceptionally large Arrhenius pre-exponential factor and the stabilizing effect of the energy barrier is insignificant at room temperature. A dramatic increase in the pre-exponential factor is achieved thanks to the softening of magnon modes of the skyrmion, thereby increasing the entropy of the skyrmion with respect to the transition state for collapse. Increasing the number of skyrmion deformation modes should be a guiding principle for the realization of nanoscale, room-temperature stable skyrmions.
format	article
author	Anastasiia S. Varentcova Stephan von Malottki Maria N. Potkina Grzegorz Kwiatkowski Stefan Heinze Pavel F. Bessarab
author_facet	Anastasiia S. Varentcova Stephan von Malottki Maria N. Potkina Grzegorz Kwiatkowski Stefan Heinze Pavel F. Bessarab
author_sort	Anastasiia S. Varentcova
title	Toward room-temperature nanoscale skyrmions in ultrathin films
title_short	Toward room-temperature nanoscale skyrmions in ultrathin films
title_full	Toward room-temperature nanoscale skyrmions in ultrathin films
title_fullStr	Toward room-temperature nanoscale skyrmions in ultrathin films
title_full_unstemmed	Toward room-temperature nanoscale skyrmions in ultrathin films
title_sort	toward room-temperature nanoscale skyrmions in ultrathin films
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/64d3aa9107534faeac119487a4866580
work_keys_str_mv	AT anastasiiasvarentcova towardroomtemperaturenanoscaleskyrmionsinultrathinfilms AT stephanvonmalottki towardroomtemperaturenanoscaleskyrmionsinultrathinfilms AT marianpotkina towardroomtemperaturenanoscaleskyrmionsinultrathinfilms AT grzegorzkwiatkowski towardroomtemperaturenanoscaleskyrmionsinultrathinfilms AT stefanheinze towardroomtemperaturenanoscaleskyrmionsinultrathinfilms AT pavelfbessarab towardroomtemperaturenanoscaleskyrmionsinultrathinfilms
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Toward room-temperature nanoscale skyrmions in ultrathin films

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