Evaluation of drought resistance and transcriptome analysis for the identification of drought-responsive genes in Iris germanica

Abstract Iris germanica, a species with very high ornamental value, exhibits the strongest drought resistance among the species in the genus Iris, but the molecular mechanism underlying its drought resistance has not been evaluated. To investigate the gene expression profile changes exhibited by hig...

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Autores principales:	Jingwei Zhang, Dazhuang Huang, Xiaojie Zhao, Man Zhang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6532d886ccc443d0a2bc96974926c801
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6532d886ccc443d0a2bc96974926c8012021-12-02T16:27:55ZEvaluation of drought resistance and transcriptome analysis for the identification of drought-responsive genes in Iris germanica10.1038/s41598-021-95633-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/6532d886ccc443d0a2bc96974926c8012021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95633-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Iris germanica, a species with very high ornamental value, exhibits the strongest drought resistance among the species in the genus Iris, but the molecular mechanism underlying its drought resistance has not been evaluated. To investigate the gene expression profile changes exhibited by high-drought-resistant I. germanica under drought stress, 10 cultivars with excellent characteristics were included in pot experiments under drought stress conditions, and the changes in the chlorophyll (Chl) content, plasma membrane relative permeability (RP), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), free proline (Pro), and soluble protein (SP) levels in leaves were compared among these cultivars. Based on their drought-resistance performance, the 10 cultivars were ordered as follows: ‘Little Dream’ > ‘Music Box’ > ‘X’Brassie’ > ‘Blood Stone’ > ‘Cherry Garden’ > ‘Memory of Harvest’ > ‘Immortality’ > ‘White and Gold’ > ‘Tantara’ > ‘Clarence’. Using the high-drought-resistant cultivar ‘Little Dream’ as the experimental material, cDNA libraries from leaves and rhizomes treated for 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h with 20% polyethylene glycol (PEG)-6000 to simulate a drought environment were sequenced using the Illumina sequencing platform. We obtained 1, 976, 033 transcripts and 743, 982 unigenes (mean length of 716 bp) through a hierarchical clustering analysis of the resulting transcriptome data. The unigenes were compared against the Nr, Nt, Pfam, KOG/COG, Swiss-Prot, KEGG, and gene ontology (GO) databases for functional annotation, and the gene expression levels in leaves and rhizomes were compared between the 20% PEG-6000 stress treated (6, 12, 24, and 48 h) and control (0 h) groups using DESeq2. 7849 and 24,127 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained from leaves and rhizomes, respectively. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the DEGs revealed significantly enriched KEGG pathways, including ribosome, photosynthesis, hormone signal transduction, starch and sucrose metabolism, synthesis of secondary metabolites, and related genes, such as heat shock proteins (HSPs), transcription factors (TFs), and active oxygen scavengers. In conclusion, we conducted the first transcriptome sequencing analysis of the I. germanica cultivar ‘Little Dream’ under drought stress and generated a large amount of genetic information. This study lays the foundation for further exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying the responses of I. germanica to drought stress and provides valuable genetic resources for the breeding of drought-resistant plants.Jingwei ZhangDazhuang HuangXiaojie ZhaoMan ZhangNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-21 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jingwei Zhang Dazhuang Huang Xiaojie Zhao Man Zhang Evaluation of drought resistance and transcriptome analysis for the identification of drought-responsive genes in Iris germanica
description	Abstract Iris germanica, a species with very high ornamental value, exhibits the strongest drought resistance among the species in the genus Iris, but the molecular mechanism underlying its drought resistance has not been evaluated. To investigate the gene expression profile changes exhibited by high-drought-resistant I. germanica under drought stress, 10 cultivars with excellent characteristics were included in pot experiments under drought stress conditions, and the changes in the chlorophyll (Chl) content, plasma membrane relative permeability (RP), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), free proline (Pro), and soluble protein (SP) levels in leaves were compared among these cultivars. Based on their drought-resistance performance, the 10 cultivars were ordered as follows: ‘Little Dream’ > ‘Music Box’ > ‘X’Brassie’ > ‘Blood Stone’ > ‘Cherry Garden’ > ‘Memory of Harvest’ > ‘Immortality’ > ‘White and Gold’ > ‘Tantara’ > ‘Clarence’. Using the high-drought-resistant cultivar ‘Little Dream’ as the experimental material, cDNA libraries from leaves and rhizomes treated for 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h with 20% polyethylene glycol (PEG)-6000 to simulate a drought environment were sequenced using the Illumina sequencing platform. We obtained 1, 976, 033 transcripts and 743, 982 unigenes (mean length of 716 bp) through a hierarchical clustering analysis of the resulting transcriptome data. The unigenes were compared against the Nr, Nt, Pfam, KOG/COG, Swiss-Prot, KEGG, and gene ontology (GO) databases for functional annotation, and the gene expression levels in leaves and rhizomes were compared between the 20% PEG-6000 stress treated (6, 12, 24, and 48 h) and control (0 h) groups using DESeq2. 7849 and 24,127 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained from leaves and rhizomes, respectively. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the DEGs revealed significantly enriched KEGG pathways, including ribosome, photosynthesis, hormone signal transduction, starch and sucrose metabolism, synthesis of secondary metabolites, and related genes, such as heat shock proteins (HSPs), transcription factors (TFs), and active oxygen scavengers. In conclusion, we conducted the first transcriptome sequencing analysis of the I. germanica cultivar ‘Little Dream’ under drought stress and generated a large amount of genetic information. This study lays the foundation for further exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying the responses of I. germanica to drought stress and provides valuable genetic resources for the breeding of drought-resistant plants.
format	article
author	Jingwei Zhang Dazhuang Huang Xiaojie Zhao Man Zhang
author_facet	Jingwei Zhang Dazhuang Huang Xiaojie Zhao Man Zhang
author_sort	Jingwei Zhang
title	Evaluation of drought resistance and transcriptome analysis for the identification of drought-responsive genes in Iris germanica
title_short	Evaluation of drought resistance and transcriptome analysis for the identification of drought-responsive genes in Iris germanica
title_full	Evaluation of drought resistance and transcriptome analysis for the identification of drought-responsive genes in Iris germanica
title_fullStr	Evaluation of drought resistance and transcriptome analysis for the identification of drought-responsive genes in Iris germanica
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of drought resistance and transcriptome analysis for the identification of drought-responsive genes in Iris germanica
title_sort	evaluation of drought resistance and transcriptome analysis for the identification of drought-responsive genes in iris germanica
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6532d886ccc443d0a2bc96974926c801
work_keys_str_mv	AT jingweizhang evaluationofdroughtresistanceandtranscriptomeanalysisfortheidentificationofdroughtresponsivegenesinirisgermanica AT dazhuanghuang evaluationofdroughtresistanceandtranscriptomeanalysisfortheidentificationofdroughtresponsivegenesinirisgermanica AT xiaojiezhao evaluationofdroughtresistanceandtranscriptomeanalysisfortheidentificationofdroughtresponsivegenesinirisgermanica AT manzhang evaluationofdroughtresistanceandtranscriptomeanalysisfortheidentificationofdroughtresponsivegenesinirisgermanica
_version_	1718383993828671488

Evaluation of drought resistance and transcriptome analysis for the identification of drought-responsive genes in Iris germanica

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