Zero-Emission of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Final Discharge Promoted Bacterial Biodiversity Rebound in the Receiving Water System

Zero-emission technology for palm oil mill effluent (POME) has led to a breakthrough in the palm oil industry in relation to the goal of sustainable development. However, there are limited resources on how this technology has affected the bacterial community in the receiving river that has previousl...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Noor Shaidatul Lyana Mohamad-Zainal, Norhayati Ramli, Nurhasliza Zolkefli, Nur Azyani Jamari, Nurul Asyifah Mustapha, Mohd Ali Hassan, Toshinari Maeda
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	zero-emission palm oil mill effluent wastewater water pollution bioindicator artificial river water Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/656a6b6007144c6b93c018e471e6774d
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:656a6b6007144c6b93c018e471e6774d
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:656a6b6007144c6b93c018e471e6774d2021-11-25T16:38:39ZZero-Emission of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Final Discharge Promoted Bacterial Biodiversity Rebound in the Receiving Water System10.3390/app1122108142076-3417https://doaj.org/article/656a6b6007144c6b93c018e471e6774d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/22/10814https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417Zero-emission technology for palm oil mill effluent (POME) has led to a breakthrough in the palm oil industry in relation to the goal of sustainable development. However, there are limited resources on how this technology has affected the bacterial community in the receiving river that has previously been polluted with POME final discharge. Thus, the current study assessed the recoverability of the unexplored bacterial community in the receiving water of a constructed river water system post-zero emission of POME final discharge. An artificial river water system was constructed in this study, where the viability status and the composition of the bacterial community were assessed for 15 days using a flow cytometry-based assay and high-throughput sequencing by Illumina MiSeq, respectively. The zero-emission of POME final discharge reduced not only the physicochemical properties and nutrient contents of the receiving water, but also the bacterial cells’ viability from 40.3% to 24.5% and shifted the high nucleic acid (HNA) to low nucleic acid (LNA) content (38.7% to 34.5%). The proposed POME bacterial indicators, <i>Alcaligenaceae</i> and <i>Chromatiaceae</i> were not detectable in the rainwater (control) but were detected in the artificial river water system after the introduction of POME final discharge at the compositions of 1.0–1.3% and 2.2–5.1%, respectively. The implementation of a zero-emission system decreased the composition of <i>Chromatiaceae</i> from 2.2% on day 8 until it was undetectable on day 15, while <i>Alcaligenaceae</i> was continuously reduced from 1.2% to 0.9% within that similar time frame. As indicated by principal coordinate (PCO) analysis, the reductions in biological oxygen demand (BOD<sub>5</sub>) would further diminish the compositions of these bioindicators. The zero-emission of POME final discharge has demonstrated its efficacy, not only in reducing the polluting properties, but also in the bacterial biodiversity rebound in the affected water system.Noor Shaidatul Lyana Mohamad-ZainalNorhayati RamliNurhasliza ZolkefliNur Azyani JamariNurul Asyifah MustaphaMohd Ali HassanToshinari MaedaMDPI AGarticlezero-emissionpalm oil mill effluentwastewaterwater pollutionbioindicatorartificial river waterTechnologyTEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040Biology (General)QH301-705.5PhysicsQC1-999ChemistryQD1-999ENApplied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 10814, p 10814 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	zero-emission palm oil mill effluent wastewater water pollution bioindicator artificial river water Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	zero-emission palm oil mill effluent wastewater water pollution bioindicator artificial river water Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 Noor Shaidatul Lyana Mohamad-Zainal Norhayati Ramli Nurhasliza Zolkefli Nur Azyani Jamari Nurul Asyifah Mustapha Mohd Ali Hassan Toshinari Maeda Zero-Emission of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Final Discharge Promoted Bacterial Biodiversity Rebound in the Receiving Water System
description	Zero-emission technology for palm oil mill effluent (POME) has led to a breakthrough in the palm oil industry in relation to the goal of sustainable development. However, there are limited resources on how this technology has affected the bacterial community in the receiving river that has previously been polluted with POME final discharge. Thus, the current study assessed the recoverability of the unexplored bacterial community in the receiving water of a constructed river water system post-zero emission of POME final discharge. An artificial river water system was constructed in this study, where the viability status and the composition of the bacterial community were assessed for 15 days using a flow cytometry-based assay and high-throughput sequencing by Illumina MiSeq, respectively. The zero-emission of POME final discharge reduced not only the physicochemical properties and nutrient contents of the receiving water, but also the bacterial cells’ viability from 40.3% to 24.5% and shifted the high nucleic acid (HNA) to low nucleic acid (LNA) content (38.7% to 34.5%). The proposed POME bacterial indicators, <i>Alcaligenaceae</i> and <i>Chromatiaceae</i> were not detectable in the rainwater (control) but were detected in the artificial river water system after the introduction of POME final discharge at the compositions of 1.0–1.3% and 2.2–5.1%, respectively. The implementation of a zero-emission system decreased the composition of <i>Chromatiaceae</i> from 2.2% on day 8 until it was undetectable on day 15, while <i>Alcaligenaceae</i> was continuously reduced from 1.2% to 0.9% within that similar time frame. As indicated by principal coordinate (PCO) analysis, the reductions in biological oxygen demand (BOD<sub>5</sub>) would further diminish the compositions of these bioindicators. The zero-emission of POME final discharge has demonstrated its efficacy, not only in reducing the polluting properties, but also in the bacterial biodiversity rebound in the affected water system.
format	article
author	Noor Shaidatul Lyana Mohamad-Zainal Norhayati Ramli Nurhasliza Zolkefli Nur Azyani Jamari Nurul Asyifah Mustapha Mohd Ali Hassan Toshinari Maeda
author_facet	Noor Shaidatul Lyana Mohamad-Zainal Norhayati Ramli Nurhasliza Zolkefli Nur Azyani Jamari Nurul Asyifah Mustapha Mohd Ali Hassan Toshinari Maeda
author_sort	Noor Shaidatul Lyana Mohamad-Zainal
title	Zero-Emission of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Final Discharge Promoted Bacterial Biodiversity Rebound in the Receiving Water System
title_short	Zero-Emission of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Final Discharge Promoted Bacterial Biodiversity Rebound in the Receiving Water System
title_full	Zero-Emission of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Final Discharge Promoted Bacterial Biodiversity Rebound in the Receiving Water System
title_fullStr	Zero-Emission of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Final Discharge Promoted Bacterial Biodiversity Rebound in the Receiving Water System
title_full_unstemmed	Zero-Emission of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Final Discharge Promoted Bacterial Biodiversity Rebound in the Receiving Water System
title_sort	zero-emission of palm oil mill effluent final discharge promoted bacterial biodiversity rebound in the receiving water system
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/656a6b6007144c6b93c018e471e6774d
work_keys_str_mv	AT noorshaidatullyanamohamadzainal zeroemissionofpalmoilmilleffluentfinaldischargepromotedbacterialbiodiversityreboundinthereceivingwatersystem AT norhayatiramli zeroemissionofpalmoilmilleffluentfinaldischargepromotedbacterialbiodiversityreboundinthereceivingwatersystem AT nurhaslizazolkefli zeroemissionofpalmoilmilleffluentfinaldischargepromotedbacterialbiodiversityreboundinthereceivingwatersystem AT nurazyanijamari zeroemissionofpalmoilmilleffluentfinaldischargepromotedbacterialbiodiversityreboundinthereceivingwatersystem AT nurulasyifahmustapha zeroemissionofpalmoilmilleffluentfinaldischargepromotedbacterialbiodiversityreboundinthereceivingwatersystem AT mohdalihassan zeroemissionofpalmoilmilleffluentfinaldischargepromotedbacterialbiodiversityreboundinthereceivingwatersystem AT toshinarimaeda zeroemissionofpalmoilmilleffluentfinaldischargepromotedbacterialbiodiversityreboundinthereceivingwatersystem
_version_	1718413080924258304

Zero-Emission of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Final Discharge Promoted Bacterial Biodiversity Rebound in the Receiving Water System

Ejemplares similares