Blockade of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated cell–cell fusion using COVID-19 convalescent plasma

Abstract The recent COVID-19 pandemic poses a serious threat to global public health, thus there is an urgent need to define the molecular mechanisms involved in SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein-mediated virus entry that is essential for preventing and/or treating this emerging infectious disease. In th...

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Autores principales:	Ling Wang, Juan Zhao, Lam N. T. Nguyen, James L. Adkins, Madison Schank, Sushant Khanal, Lam N. Nguyen, Xindi Dang, Dechao Cao, Bal Krishna Chand Thakuri, Zeyuan Lu, Jinyu Zhang, Yi Zhang, Xiao Y. Wu, Mohamed El Gazzar, Shunbin Ning, Jonathan P. Moorman, Zhi Q. Yao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/65f0c6e757e64853a3c6e721271fd6cb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:65f0c6e757e64853a3c6e721271fd6cb2021-12-02T13:33:45ZBlockade of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated cell–cell fusion using COVID-19 convalescent plasma10.1038/s41598-021-84840-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/65f0c6e757e64853a3c6e721271fd6cb2021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84840-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The recent COVID-19 pandemic poses a serious threat to global public health, thus there is an urgent need to define the molecular mechanisms involved in SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein-mediated virus entry that is essential for preventing and/or treating this emerging infectious disease. In this study, we examined the blocking activity of human COVID-19 convalescent plasma by cell–cell fusion assays using SARS-CoV-2-S-transfected 293 T as effector cells and ACE2-expressing 293 T as target cells. We demonstrate that the SARS-CoV-2 S protein exhibits a very high capacity for membrane fusion and is efficient in mediating virus fusion and entry into target cells. Importantly, we find that COVID-19 convalescent plasma with high titers of IgG neutralizing antibodies can block cell–cell fusion and virus entry by interfering with the SARS-CoV-2-S/ACE2 or SARS-CoV-S/ACE2 interactions. These findings suggest that COVID-19 convalescent plasma may not only inhibit SARS-CoV-2-S but also cross-neutralize SARS-CoV-S-mediated membrane fusion and virus entry, supporting its potential as a preventive and/or therapeutic agent against SARS-CoV-2 as well as other SARS-CoV infections.Ling WangJuan ZhaoLam N. T. NguyenJames L. AdkinsMadison SchankSushant KhanalLam N. NguyenXindi DangDechao CaoBal Krishna Chand ThakuriZeyuan LuJinyu ZhangYi ZhangXiao Y. WuMohamed El GazzarShunbin NingJonathan P. MoormanZhi Q. YaoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ling Wang Juan Zhao Lam N. T. Nguyen James L. Adkins Madison Schank Sushant Khanal Lam N. Nguyen Xindi Dang Dechao Cao Bal Krishna Chand Thakuri Zeyuan Lu Jinyu Zhang Yi Zhang Xiao Y. Wu Mohamed El Gazzar Shunbin Ning Jonathan P. Moorman Zhi Q. Yao Blockade of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated cell–cell fusion using COVID-19 convalescent plasma
description	Abstract The recent COVID-19 pandemic poses a serious threat to global public health, thus there is an urgent need to define the molecular mechanisms involved in SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein-mediated virus entry that is essential for preventing and/or treating this emerging infectious disease. In this study, we examined the blocking activity of human COVID-19 convalescent plasma by cell–cell fusion assays using SARS-CoV-2-S-transfected 293 T as effector cells and ACE2-expressing 293 T as target cells. We demonstrate that the SARS-CoV-2 S protein exhibits a very high capacity for membrane fusion and is efficient in mediating virus fusion and entry into target cells. Importantly, we find that COVID-19 convalescent plasma with high titers of IgG neutralizing antibodies can block cell–cell fusion and virus entry by interfering with the SARS-CoV-2-S/ACE2 or SARS-CoV-S/ACE2 interactions. These findings suggest that COVID-19 convalescent plasma may not only inhibit SARS-CoV-2-S but also cross-neutralize SARS-CoV-S-mediated membrane fusion and virus entry, supporting its potential as a preventive and/or therapeutic agent against SARS-CoV-2 as well as other SARS-CoV infections.
format	article
author	Ling Wang Juan Zhao Lam N. T. Nguyen James L. Adkins Madison Schank Sushant Khanal Lam N. Nguyen Xindi Dang Dechao Cao Bal Krishna Chand Thakuri Zeyuan Lu Jinyu Zhang Yi Zhang Xiao Y. Wu Mohamed El Gazzar Shunbin Ning Jonathan P. Moorman Zhi Q. Yao
author_facet	Ling Wang Juan Zhao Lam N. T. Nguyen James L. Adkins Madison Schank Sushant Khanal Lam N. Nguyen Xindi Dang Dechao Cao Bal Krishna Chand Thakuri Zeyuan Lu Jinyu Zhang Yi Zhang Xiao Y. Wu Mohamed El Gazzar Shunbin Ning Jonathan P. Moorman Zhi Q. Yao
author_sort	Ling Wang
title	Blockade of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated cell–cell fusion using COVID-19 convalescent plasma
title_short	Blockade of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated cell–cell fusion using COVID-19 convalescent plasma
title_full	Blockade of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated cell–cell fusion using COVID-19 convalescent plasma
title_fullStr	Blockade of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated cell–cell fusion using COVID-19 convalescent plasma
title_full_unstemmed	Blockade of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated cell–cell fusion using COVID-19 convalescent plasma
title_sort	blockade of sars-cov-2 spike protein-mediated cell–cell fusion using covid-19 convalescent plasma
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/65f0c6e757e64853a3c6e721271fd6cb
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Blockade of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated cell–cell fusion using COVID-19 convalescent plasma

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