Fingerprints of nonequilibrium stationary distributions in dispersion relations

Abstract Distributions different from those predicted by equilibrium statistical mechanics are commonplace in a number of physical situations, such as plasmas and self-gravitating systems. The best strategy for probing these distributions and unavailing their origins consists in combining theoretica...

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Autor principal:	Kamel Ourabah
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/66085c9f9cc14bccbec2fbca730d8144
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:66085c9f9cc14bccbec2fbca730d81442021-12-02T17:34:31ZFingerprints of nonequilibrium stationary distributions in dispersion relations10.1038/s41598-021-91455-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/66085c9f9cc14bccbec2fbca730d81442021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91455-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Distributions different from those predicted by equilibrium statistical mechanics are commonplace in a number of physical situations, such as plasmas and self-gravitating systems. The best strategy for probing these distributions and unavailing their origins consists in combining theoretical knowledge with experiments, involving both direct and indirect measurements, as those associated with dispersion relations. This paper addresses, in a quite general context, the signature of nonequilibrium distributions in dispersion relations. We consider the very general scenario of distributions corresponding to a superposition of equilibrium distributions, that are well-suited for systems exhibiting only local equilibrium, and discuss the general context of systems obeying the combination of the Schrödinger and Poisson equations, while allowing the Planck’s constant to smoothly go to zero, yielding the classical kinetic regime. Examples of media where this approach is applicable are plasmas, gravitational systems, and optical molasses. We analyse in more depth the case of classical dispersion relations for a pair plasma. We also discuss a possible experimental setup, based on spectroscopic methods, to directly observe these classes of distributions.Kamel OurabahNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Kamel Ourabah Fingerprints of nonequilibrium stationary distributions in dispersion relations
description	Abstract Distributions different from those predicted by equilibrium statistical mechanics are commonplace in a number of physical situations, such as plasmas and self-gravitating systems. The best strategy for probing these distributions and unavailing their origins consists in combining theoretical knowledge with experiments, involving both direct and indirect measurements, as those associated with dispersion relations. This paper addresses, in a quite general context, the signature of nonequilibrium distributions in dispersion relations. We consider the very general scenario of distributions corresponding to a superposition of equilibrium distributions, that are well-suited for systems exhibiting only local equilibrium, and discuss the general context of systems obeying the combination of the Schrödinger and Poisson equations, while allowing the Planck’s constant to smoothly go to zero, yielding the classical kinetic regime. Examples of media where this approach is applicable are plasmas, gravitational systems, and optical molasses. We analyse in more depth the case of classical dispersion relations for a pair plasma. We also discuss a possible experimental setup, based on spectroscopic methods, to directly observe these classes of distributions.
format	article
author	Kamel Ourabah
author_facet	Kamel Ourabah
author_sort	Kamel Ourabah
title	Fingerprints of nonequilibrium stationary distributions in dispersion relations
title_short	Fingerprints of nonequilibrium stationary distributions in dispersion relations
title_full	Fingerprints of nonequilibrium stationary distributions in dispersion relations
title_fullStr	Fingerprints of nonequilibrium stationary distributions in dispersion relations
title_full_unstemmed	Fingerprints of nonequilibrium stationary distributions in dispersion relations
title_sort	fingerprints of nonequilibrium stationary distributions in dispersion relations
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/66085c9f9cc14bccbec2fbca730d8144
work_keys_str_mv	AT kamelourabah fingerprintsofnonequilibriumstationarydistributionsindispersionrelations
_version_	1718379944643395584

Fingerprints of nonequilibrium stationary distributions in dispersion relations

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