Liposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on neurological targets

Pedro Ramos-Cabrer, Francisco Campos Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Hospital Cl&iacute;nico Universitario de Santiago, University of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain Abstract: Neurological disea...

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Autores principales:	Ramos-Cabrer P, Campos F
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2013
Materias:	Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6618a1e0961048169bf12d19522bfaf3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6618a1e0961048169bf12d19522bfaf32021-12-02T07:52:11ZLiposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on neurological targets1176-91141178-2013https://doaj.org/article/6618a1e0961048169bf12d19522bfaf32013-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/liposomes-and-nanotechnology-in-drug-development-focus-on-neurological-a12349https://doaj.org/toc/1176-9114https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Pedro Ramos-Cabrer, Francisco Campos Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Hospital Cl&iacute;nico Universitario de Santiago, University of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain Abstract: Neurological diseases represent a medical, social, and economic problem of paramount importance in developed countries. Although their etiology is generally known, developing therapeutic interventions for the central nervous system is challenging due to the impermeability of the blood&ndash;brain barrier. Thus, the fight against neurological diseases usually struggles &quot;at the gates&quot; of the brain. Flooding the bloodstream with drugs, where only a minor fraction reaches its target therapeutic site, is an inefficient, expensive, and dangerous procedure, because of the risk of side effects at nontargeted sites. Currently, advances in the field of nanotechnology have enabled development of a generation of multifunctional molecular platforms that are capable of transporting drugs across the blood&ndash;brain barrier, targeting specific cell types or functional states within the brain, releasing drugs in a controlled manner, and enabling visualization of processes in vivo using conventional imaging systems. The marriage between drug delivery and molecular imaging disciplines has resulted in a relatively new discipline, known as theranostics, which represents the basis of the concept of personalized medicine. In this study, we review the concepts of the blood&ndash;brain barrier and the strategies used to traverse/bypass it, the role of nanotechnology in theranostics, the wide range of nanoparticles (with emphasis on liposomes) that can be used as stealth drug carriers, imaging probes and targeting devices for the treatment of neurological diseases, and the targets and targeting strategies envisaged in the treatment of different types of brain pathology. Keywords: nanotechnology, theranostics, blood&ndash;brain barrier, brain, central nervous systemRamos-Cabrer PCampos FDove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2013, Iss default, Pp 951-960 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Medicine (General) R5-920 Ramos-Cabrer P Campos F Liposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on neurological targets
description	Pedro Ramos-Cabrer, Francisco Campos Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Hospital Cl&iacute;nico Universitario de Santiago, University of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain Abstract: Neurological diseases represent a medical, social, and economic problem of paramount importance in developed countries. Although their etiology is generally known, developing therapeutic interventions for the central nervous system is challenging due to the impermeability of the blood&ndash;brain barrier. Thus, the fight against neurological diseases usually struggles &quot;at the gates&quot; of the brain. Flooding the bloodstream with drugs, where only a minor fraction reaches its target therapeutic site, is an inefficient, expensive, and dangerous procedure, because of the risk of side effects at nontargeted sites. Currently, advances in the field of nanotechnology have enabled development of a generation of multifunctional molecular platforms that are capable of transporting drugs across the blood&ndash;brain barrier, targeting specific cell types or functional states within the brain, releasing drugs in a controlled manner, and enabling visualization of processes in vivo using conventional imaging systems. The marriage between drug delivery and molecular imaging disciplines has resulted in a relatively new discipline, known as theranostics, which represents the basis of the concept of personalized medicine. In this study, we review the concepts of the blood&ndash;brain barrier and the strategies used to traverse/bypass it, the role of nanotechnology in theranostics, the wide range of nanoparticles (with emphasis on liposomes) that can be used as stealth drug carriers, imaging probes and targeting devices for the treatment of neurological diseases, and the targets and targeting strategies envisaged in the treatment of different types of brain pathology. Keywords: nanotechnology, theranostics, blood&ndash;brain barrier, brain, central nervous system
format	article
author	Ramos-Cabrer P Campos F
author_facet	Ramos-Cabrer P Campos F
author_sort	Ramos-Cabrer P
title	Liposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on neurological targets
title_short	Liposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on neurological targets
title_full	Liposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on neurological targets
title_fullStr	Liposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on neurological targets
title_full_unstemmed	Liposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on neurological targets
title_sort	liposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on neurological targets
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/6618a1e0961048169bf12d19522bfaf3
work_keys_str_mv	AT ramoscabrerp liposomesandnanotechnologyindrugdevelopmentfocusonneurologicaltargets AT camposf liposomesandnanotechnologyindrugdevelopmentfocusonneurologicaltargets
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Liposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on neurological targets

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